1、高考英语听力必备场景词汇高考英语听力必备场景词汇 高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的,有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场 所。 了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。 对这些常用词汇和短语不仅 要知道其本身的意思, 还要知道它们的同义表达方式。 这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选 项中出现对话中的原词和词组。 以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的, 掌握了这些场景下的 常用短语和表达方式,也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。 (1)餐馆场景:)餐馆场景: order 点菜 serve 上菜 change 零钱 Keep the change! 不用找零钱了! tip 小费 tr
2、eat 请客 (This is my treat! 我请客!)go Dutch AA 制 (Lets go fifty fifty. ) steak 牛排 cheese 奶酪 sandwich 三明治 bacon 腌肉 soup 汤 plain water 自来水 (西餐中洗手用的) doughnut 多纳圈 appetizer 开胃物 dessert 甜品, 水果 (作为正餐的最后一道) go out for dinner / dinner out 出去吃饭 snack bar 小吃街;大排挡 hamburger 汉堡包 coke 可口可乐 French fries 炸 薯条 dining
3、hall ;coffee shop ;restaurant ;cafeteria ;canteen; buffet 自助餐 (2)邮局场景:)邮局场景: stamp envelope package / parcel 包裹 overweight 超重 extra postage 额外邮资 send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信 express mail 快件 airmail 航空信件 surface mail 陆地 邮寄 open an account 开一个帐户 (3)图书馆场景:)图书馆场景: library card; borrow; le
4、nd; keep; renew; bookshelf; novel; science fiction 科幻小说; magazine; periodical期刊; reference book; librarian 图书管理员 pay a fine 交罚款 Can I help you? / What can I do for you? (4)医院及健康场景:)医院及健康场景: aspirin 阿司匹林 regular doctor 私人医生 emergence department 急诊室 ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 treatment 治疗手段 take
5、ones temperature / blood pressure 测量 体温/血压 medicine: pills / tablets 药丸/药片 heart attack 心脏病 cold / flu 流感: have/catch a cold; pain; headache; stomach-ache; backache; sore-throat 喉咙痛 cough; fever。Whats up? (多 用于男生之间)How is it going? How are you? 回答:Im fine. / I feel good/terrific. / I couldnt be bett
6、er. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。 I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。(注意听语气:身体好的时候,语 调上扬,语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候,降调,语气非常郁闷。) (5)电话场景:)电话场景: operator 接线员 Extension six two two six, please. 请转 6226。 The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy li
7、ne. 电话占线。long distance call 长途电话 collect call 对方付费的电 话 put through 接通电话 hold on / up Hold the line, please. Hello! This is speaking. Whos speaking? / who is this? call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb. ;give sb. a call/ ring Ill call back later / again. Ill ring him / her up again. I couldnt get through.
8、Sorry, Im afraid you have the wrong number. (6)酒店场景:酒店场景: make a reservation 预定房间;reception desk 接待处;check in 入住;check out 结帐;single room 单间;a double room 双人间;room key 房间钥匙;ID card 身份证;reception 服务台;receptionist 服务员;suite 套间;Do you have a reservation Sir? 先生,您预订了吗? Have you got any vacant room? (= I
9、s there any room available here?)有空房间吗? All the room are occupied. 房间已满。 Can I have a suite please?有套间吗?How much do you charge for that? 如何收费?Smoking or no smoking? 吸烟或不吸烟?Meals included. 包括饮食。Can I show you your room? 我可以带 你去你的房间?Can I carry your luggage? 我可以帮你提行李吗? (7)超速场景)超速场景 speeding: May I see
10、 your license, please? You will be fined by $20. (8)购物场景:)购物场景: store 杂货店 department store 百货商场 shopping center 购物中心 商品信息:size; color; style; price What color/size/kind do you want? 商品论贵贱 expensive, cheap 价格论高低 high, low bargain 便宜货 popular / fashionable 流行的 in fashion 流行,时尚 out of fashion 过时的 brand
11、 品牌 counter 柜台 pay in cash 用现金支付 pay in check 用支票支付 credit card 信用卡 shop assistant 商店营业员 out of stock 脱销/缺货 in stock 有货 (9)天气场景:)天气场景: cloudy 阴天 overcast 多云 thunder 打雷 strong/ high wind 大风 tornado 龙卷风 typhoon 台风 storm 风暴 blizzard 暴风雨 It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下着倾 盆大雨。downpour 倾盆大
12、雨 shower 阵雨 clear up 天空放晴 put away clothes 下雨收衣服 weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天气 weather in California 意指好天气 经常和天气相 联系的情况:vacation 和 flight(航班) (be delayed/canceled by the bad weather) (10)机场场景:)机场场景: flight 航班 Welcome on board 欢迎登机 bound for飞往方向去的 check in 办理 登机手续 behind schedule 晚点 take off 起飞
13、 land 降落 听力常见词汇及句型听力常见词汇及句型 一级重要词汇一级重要词汇 名词: reserve/reservation, reception/receptionist/reception ,desk, register/registration/book rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a kings room, shower, deadline, 动词:reserve,
14、 spare, register, sign, appreciate, 形容词:available, amazing, scaring, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual, 副词:definitely, down, though, slightly, 词组:check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a me
15、ssage, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease, drop sb. off, in stock, 句型:1.Then all set 一切妥当 2.Take your time. 3.Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder5.Its a deal. 6.Youre kidding. 7.Can we make it? 8.Thats the way it is. 9.It depends. 10.Its not intended for scientists, either. 1、月份 12 months: January Jan. Febr
16、uary Feb. March Mar. April Apr. May May. June Jun. July Jul. August Aug. September Sep(t). October Oct. November Nov. December Dec. 2、星期 Seven days: Sunday Sun. Monday Mon. Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed(s). Thursday Thu. Friday Fri. Saturday Sat. 3、交通 Traffic, plane, bus, car, train, subway (undergroun
17、d), boat, ship, taxi, transportation, timetable, journey,speed, 4、货币(钱) U. S Dollar, Hong Kong Dollar (HK$), yuan, RMB¥ , pound (), pocket change, coin, check, cash, credit card, bank, 5、地点(情景用语) 餐馆(restaurant)用语: meal, menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, soup, dish, beer, soft drink, fully
18、 booked,等; 医院(hospital)用语: take medicine, temperature, pill, headache, fever, blood pressure, waiting room, 宾馆(hotel)用语: single room, double room, room number, room service, check in, check out, lift / elevator 邮局(post office)用语: mail, deliver, stamp, envelope, telegram, postage 等; 机场(airport)用语: fl
19、ight, take off, land, luggage, China Airline, information desk, boarding, customs, departure time, arrival,等; 车站(station)用语: round trip, single trip, sleeping car, ticket, fair, conductor, 等; 商店(shop)用语: on sale, size, color, price, change, customer, expensive, cheap, discount, 学校(school)用语: exam, c
20、ourse, dining hall, playground, library, lab, degree, foreign language, 家庭(family)用语: relatives, relationship, reunion, uncle, parents, aunt, family-get-together, generation 6、节日 holiday, festival, Mid-autumn Day, May Day, National Day, Teachers Day, Childrens Day, Mother(Father)s Day,New Year, Chri
21、stmas Day, Thanksgiving Day, Easter , Halloween, Valentines Day, 7、体育 Basketball , football , volleyball , baseball , tennis , table-tennis , badminton running , swimming, shooting, fishing, surfing,skating ,rock climbing, jumping, gym, stadium, 8、娱乐 concert, show, exhibition, film, movie, play, the
22、atre, museum, music, entertainme nt, band, chess, amusement park, nightclub, picnic, bowling, 9、职业 clerk , secretary, manager , boss, professor, lawyer, businessman, driver, doctor nurse, headmaster, headmistress,librarian, engineer, technician, farmer, policeman policewoman, coach, 10、健康(问题) health
23、, gain weight, lost weight, keep fit, balanced diet, smoking, Aids, Sars, 11、时间 Century, year, month, week, day, hour, minute, second, yesterday, today, t omorrow, weekend,At noon,morning, afternoon, evening, night, 12、科目 Chinese Mathematics English Physics Chemistry Biology Politics History Geograp
24、hy Arts Music Physical Education (P E) 13、国籍(nationality) Chinese, Japanese, German, French, American, Australian, Englishman, Russia n, New-Zealander,Canadian,Italian, Spanish, 14、主要国家、地区、城市 The Peoples Republic of China, Beijing , The United States of America, USA , New York, Chicago ,The United K
25、ingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ,U.K,London ,France, Paris, Germany, Berlin, Australia, Canberra / Sydney,Japan, Tokyo, Canada ,Toronto/ Ottawa, Italy , Rome, Spain , Madrid , Russia , Moscow, Europe, 15、数(量)词 Million, thousand, hundred, dozen, score, decade, first, second, third, forth
26、 , fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth,twentieth, 16、科技 computer, surf the Internet, technology, science, information, e-mail, download, on line, off line, clone, robot,cell phone/ mobile phone, satellite, spaceship, fax, 17、Clothes(衣物) clothing , dress, suit, evening dress, jacket, shirt ,skirt, T-shirt,
27、 trousers pants, shorts, blouse, sweater, coat, overcoat, tie, socks, stockings, shoes, boots hat , cap , uniform 18、Food and drinks(食物与饮料) hamburger, sandwich (es) , bread, flour, milk, pork, beef, lamb, chicken , fish, rice, vegetable, black-tea, green-tea , coffee, black coffee, wine, alcohol, so
28、ft drinks 听力场景相关词汇听力场景相关词汇与句型:与句型: 1) 常见说话者之间的关系及相关关键词 对于人物职业和关系题, 考生应特别注意说话者的用词及相互间的称呼, 还要留意是否使用 敬语,而且不同职业的人用语也不同,例如 waitress 会谈到 menu,food,order,drink 等词, 下面列举一些常见的有关关系以及职业的关键词。 teachers and students(师生之间) 关键词: quit school 休学 make-up exam 补考 drop out 退学 exam(考试), quiz(测验), term paper(学期论文), homewo
29、rkassignment(家庭作业), courselesson(课程), credit(学分); classmates(同学之间) 关键词: students union(学生会), student center(学生活动中心), dormitory(学生宿合), absent from school(缺课), note(笔记); librarian and student(图书馆员与学生之间) 关键词: loan desk 借书处 library card 借书证 stacks 书库 periodical 期刊 circulation desk 借书处 journal 专业性刊物 libr
30、ary catalogue 图书馆的图书目录 fictionnovel(小说), reference book(参考书), reading room(阅览室), magazine(杂志), renew(续借), due(到期); shop assistant and customer(售货员与顾客) 关键词: auction,sale 便宜货 selling season 畅销季节 dressers 服饰店 fabric 织物,织品 marked price 标价 pattern 花纹、式样、图案 make ends meet 收支平衡 check-out stand 付款柜台 return
31、purchase 退货 receipt 发票 one price 不还价 cash or charge? 付现金还是支票? ready-made 成衣 Are you done? 就买这些吗?(也有“吃完了吗?”的意思) bargain(讨价还价), fashion(服饰), receipt(收据), cashier(收银员), check-out stand(结账台), department store(百货公司), supermarket(超市), discount(折扣), cash(现金), credit card(信用卡); waiterwaitress and diner(侍者和客
32、人) 关键词: appetizer 开胃的菜或饮料 tray 餐盘 seasoning 调味 well-done 全熟的 rare 半熟的 buffet 自助餐(台) cafeteria 自助餐厅 paper napkin 餐巾纸 May I take your order now? 您现在点菜吗? Weve jammed, 我们已经客满了。 May we have a table, please? 请给我们一张桌位好吗? menu(菜单), order(点菜) , food(食品), dessert(甜点), salad(沙拉), soup(汤), coffee(咖啡), soft drin
33、k(软饮料), wine(酒); doctor and patient(医生和病人) 关键词: pneumonia 肺炎 indigestion 消化不良 hepatitis 肝炎 first-aid kit 急救箱 tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 gauze 沙布 ulcer 溃疡 stethoscope 听诊器 itch,itchy 痒 inpatient department 住院部 TB (tuberculosis)肺结核 wards 病房 burns 烧伤 inoculate 打预防针 strain 扭伤 give first-aid treatment 急救 fever(发烧),
34、 catch a cold(感冒), cough(咳嗽), headache(头痛), prescription(药方), doctor(医生), toothache(牙痛), Whats the matter with you?(你哪不舒服?); hosthostess and guest(主人和客人) 关键词: invitation(邀请), dinner(晚餐), help yourself(自便), delicious(美味的), have a wonderful evening(过一个愉快的晚上); 2) 与时间、数字相关的常用词汇及表达方式 百 hundred 千 thousand
35、 百万 million 十亿 billion 前天 the day before yesterday 后天 the day after tomorrow 每隔一天 every other day 或 every two days; 每天 daily 每周 weekly 每月 monthly 每年 annual/yearly 10 年 decade 100 年 century 提前 5 分钟 five minutes early/ahead of time/ahead of schedule, early by 5 minutes, etc. 推迟/迟到 8 分钟 eight minutes l
36、ate/behind schedule, late by eight minutes, to be delayed/ postponed for eight minutes, etc. 美元 dollar 美分 cent 英镑 pound 便士 penny 欧元 European dollar/euro 钞票 bill 硬币 coin 零钱 change $ 18.26 eighteen dollars twenty-six cents 或 eighteen twenty-six 打折 on sale/discount 六折 at a 60 % discount 半价 half price 两
37、倍 double 三倍 triple 3)与容量、重量、长度相关的词汇 加仑 gallon 品脱 pint 盎司 ounce 夸脱 quart 磅 pound 英尺 foot/feet(pl.) 英寸 inch 码 yard 英里 mile 4) 校园 campus 校园 dorm(dormitory)宿舍 student ID 学生证 teaching building 教学楼 dining hall 餐厅 clinic 诊所,医务室 laboratory 实验室 gym(gymnasium)体育馆 playground 操场 registration 注册 academic year 学年
38、 term/semester 学期 teaching assistant 助教 lecturer 讲师 professor 教授 freshman 大一新生 sophomore 大二学生 junior 大三学生 senior 大四学生 undergraduate 本科生 graduate/postgraduate 研究生 doctorate student 博士生 full-time student 全日制学生 requiredcompulsory course 必修课 optionalelective course 选修课 majors 主修科目 major in 主修 minors 辅修科
39、目 minor in 辅修 credit hours 学时 credits 学分 tuition 学费 research paper 研究报告 teaching practice 教育实习 graduate 毕业 thesisessaydissertation 论文 diploma 文凭,毕业证书 bachelors degree 学士学位 masters degree 硕士学位 doctors degree 博士学位 quiztest 小测验 mid-term exam 期中考试 final 期末考试 make-up exam 补考 fail in the examination 考试不及格
40、 entrance exam 入学考试 scholarship 奖学金 5)图书馆 reading room 阅览室 magazine 杂志 publication 出版物 periodical 期刊 fictionnovel 小说 latest issue 新刊 current issue 现刊 back issue 过刊 reference room 资料室 bibliography 参考书目 stacks 书库 book shelves 书架 open-shelf system 开架 look up 查找 library card 借书证 loan desk 借书处 due 到期 ren
41、ew 续借 overdue 超期 pay the fine 罚款 6) 邮电局 mail category 邮件种类 surface mail;regular 平信 express letter 快信 mail 邮件 registered letter 挂号信 Express Mail Service(EMS)邮政特快专递 urgent letter 急件 telegram 电报 postcard 明信片 package 包裹 parcel form 包裹单 weight 重量 overweight 超重 stamp 邮票 postage 邮资 money order 邮政汇票 remitta
42、nce 汇款 remitter 汇款人 money order 汇票 make a phone call 打电话 area code 区域代号 local call 市内电话 collect call 对方付费电话 distance calltrunk call 长途电话 operator 总台,接线员 international airmail 国际航空邮件 insurance 保险(费) declaration value 保价金额 postal code;zip code 邮政编码 customs charge 验关费;报关费 printed matter 印刷品 sender 寄件人
43、receiver 收件人 receipt for mail 邮件收据 telegram 电报 to claim parcels 领包裹 postage 邮费 date and time of posting 交寄日期时间 7) 商店 Can I help you?What can I do for you? 能为您效劳吗? receipt 收款,收据 department store 百货公司 Gentlemans Department 男子用品部 Ladys Department 妇女用品部 Sportswear Department 体育用品部 elevator 电梯 supermarke
44、t 超市 escalator 电动扶梯 price tag 标价签 trolley 手推车 daily necessities 日用品 fashion 式样,款式 texture(织物的)质地 out of style 过时的 in fashion 流行的 brand 牌子,商标 sweater 毛衣,运动衫 jeans 牛仔裤 jacket 夹克,护套 shop assistant 售货员 cashier 收银员 bargain 讨价还价 8) 餐馆 waiter/waitress 服务生 menu 菜单 order 点菜 main course 主菜 dish 菜 soup 汤 soft
45、drink 软饮料 dessert 甜点 salad 沙拉 bill 帐单 tip 小费 go Dutch 各付各的帐 9) 医院 registration office 挂号处 registration fee 挂号费 wards 病房 operation room 手术室 dentist 牙医 doctor 医生 physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 in poor condition/shape(身体状况)不适 suffer from 患?病 come down with 害病,得病 lose appetite 没胃口 fever 发烧 flu(influenza)流感
46、 get a temperature 发烧 catch a cold 着凉 sore throat 喉咙痛 stomachache 胃痛 splitting headache 头痛欲裂 toothache 牙痛 indigestion 消化不良 dizzy 眩晕的 feel ones pulse 把脉 diagnosis 诊断 take a temperature 量体温 write out a prescriptionprescribe 开处方 pills 药丸 dose 剂量,服用量 capsule 胶囊 tablet 药丸片剂 10) 银行 open an account 开户 acco
47、unt number 账号 passbookfolder 银行存折 deposit money 存款 withdrawdraw 取款 interest 利息 interest rate 利率 exchange rate 兑换率 deposit accountfixed account 定期存款 savings account 活期储蓄存款户头 currency 货币 foreign currency 外币 cash 现金 check 支票 credit card 信用卡 bank clerk 银行职员 overdraft 透支 balance 结余 finance 融通 endorse 背书
48、11) 机场 information booth 询问处 restricted articles 禁带物品 cabin door 机舱门 transit passenger 过境旅客 gate 登机门 connection 中转 first class 一等舱 difference in time 时差 economy class 经济舱 airsick 晕机 single ticket 单程票 buckle 扣住 return ticket 回程票 flight 航班 direct flight 直达航班 airlineairways 航空公司 ticket office 售票处 ticke
49、t agency 机票代理商 book a ticket 订票 baggageluggage 行李 boarding cardpass 登机卡 boarding gate 登机口 stewardess 空姐 fasten the seatbelt 系安全带 airsick 晕机 first class 头等舱 economy class 经济舱 take off 起飞 land 着陆 departure time 离开时间 arrival time 到达时间 passport 护照 visa 签证 go through the formalities 办理手续 luggage check 行李
50、检查 12) 火车站 waiting-room 候车室 information desk 问讯处 platform 月台,站台 sleeping car 卧铺车厢 one-way ticket 单程票 round-trip/return ticket 双程票 13) 宾馆 front deskreception desk 前台;接待处 lounge 门厅,休息室 make a room reservation 预定房间 book a room 订房 single room with a bath 带浴室的单人房 double rooms 双人房 suite 套房,套间 receptionist