1、Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Part one Vocabulary 1. die out 灭亡;逐渐消失 die of/ from 死于 die away 逐渐消失 die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐平息 2. alarming adj. 惊人的;使人惊恐的 alarm n. 惊恐;惊慌;警报;闹钟 vt. 使惊恐;使害怕 alarmed adj. 惊恐的;惊慌的 be alarmed at/ by 对感到惊恐 3. aware adj. 知道;发觉;有意识的 be/ become aware of 知道;发觉;意识到 make sb. aware of 使某人明白/意
2、识到 4. average n. 平均数;平均水平 adj.平均的;正常的;普通的 an average of 的平均数 on average 平均;基本上;大体上 5. concern vt. 涉及;让担忧 be concerned about 对关心/担忧 concern oneself with/ over/ about 关心;担心 be concerned with 与有关 6. adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合 adapt (oneself) to (使)适应 adaptation n. 适应;改编本 7. measure n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量 take
3、 measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事=(take steps to do sth.) in full measure 最大限度地 make to measure 定做(衣服) 8. reserve n.(动植物)保护区;储藏(量)vt.预订;预留;保留 a wildlife reserve 野生动植物保护区 reserve a ticket = book a ticket 订票 9. remind vt.提醒;使想起 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 10. recover vi.
4、恢复;康复 vt.找回;寻回 recover from 从恢复过来 recovery n. 恢复健康;康复;痊愈;恢复常态 11. remove vt.去除;移开;脱去 removefrom 从移除/开除 remove to 搬到 12. exit vi.存在;生存 exist in 存在于,在于=(lie in) exist on 靠为生=(live/feed on) exist by doing 靠做为生 13. stir up 激起 stir up hatred 激起仇恨 stir up debate 挑起争论 14. emotion n. 感情;情感;情绪 emotional adj.
5、 感情的;情感的;情绪的 Part two Grammar 现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态 一、基本结构一、基本结构: 1现在进行时态的被动语态的肯定式为: am/is/are + being + done。 如:The question is being discussed at the meeting now. 这个问题现在正在会上被讨论。 Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River at present. 目前长江上正在建造另一座大桥。 2现在进行时态的被动语态的否定式为:am/is/are + not + b
6、eing + done。 如:The baby isnt being taken good care of. 这婴儿没在得到很好的照顾。 The animals are not being set free at present. 目前这些动物还不能被放出。 3现在进行时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将 am/is/are 提到主语的前面。 Is a new library being put up in their school now? Yes, it is. 甲:他们学校现在正在建一座新图书馆吗。 乙:是,正在建一座新图书馆 Are a number of Dongfeng trucks b
7、eing shipped abroad? No, they arent. 甲:一批东风卡车正被运往国外吗? 乙:不,没有。 4 现在进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为: 疑问词 + am/is/are + (主语) + being + done。 如:What is being done to the machine? 现在对这台机器要采取什么措施? How many houses are being built in the village? 村里正在建造多少房屋? When is the sports meeting being held in our school? 我校将在什么时候举行运
8、动会? 二、用法:二、用法: 1现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样,表示现在正在进行的被动动作。 He is being interviewed by our headmaster now. 他正在接受我们校长的采访。 This film is being shown now. 这部电影正在被放映。 2现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样,表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作。 The disease is being studied by scientists. 科学家们正在研究这种疾病。 These animals are being hunted at such a speed t
9、hat they will disappear soon. 以如此速度捕杀动物,他们很快就会消失。 现在进行时被动语态五个提醒现在进行时被动语态五个提醒 一、不可遗漏一、不可遗漏 being 现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时主语正在承受谓语动词的动作,谓语动词的形式为 “is/are/ambeing过去分词”。 如果把 being 漏掉, 就成为一般现在时被动语态或系表结构。 试比较下列句子: Look! The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 瞧!孩子们现在正由姑母照看着。 Children are taken good care
10、 of at school. 孩子们在校被照看得很好。 (指通常情况) The report is being written by one of the best students. 报告正在由一个最好的学生写着呢。 The report is well written. 报告写得很好。 (系表结构) 二二. 表示现阶段表示现阶段 现在进行时被动语态也可以表示目前这一阶段主语正在承受谓语动词的动作。 Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days. 最近正在进行许多有趣的实验。 (说话时,并不一定在进行) 三三. 表
11、示计划或安排表示计划或安排 现在进行时被动语态还可表示按计划、安排主语将要承受谓语动词的动作(仅限于 bring, take,send,hold,sing,show,play 等表示移动的或能用来表示某项活动的少数及物动词) 。 A folk song is being sung next. 下面将演唱一首民间歌曲。 A party is being held tonight. 今晚将要举行一场晚会。 四四. 没有进行时被动语态没有进行时被动语态 contain,include,impress,feel,want,like,love,satisfy,surprise,own 等一些表示状态、
12、心理活动、拥有等意义的动词(和主动语态一样)一般不用进行时被动语态,常用一般现在 时被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语承受谓语动词的动作。 Xiao Wang, come here. You are wanted on the phone. 小王,过来,有人打电话找你呢。 Football is becoming more and more popular. In other words, it is loved by more and more people. 足球现在越来越流行了,换句话说,它被越来越多的人喜爱。 五五. 其它形式表示被动结构其它形式表示被动结构 “beunder/in 等介词
13、名词”结构可代替进行时被动语态。 The city is under attack(is being attacked)at the moment. 目前这个城市正受到进攻。 The telephone is in use(is being used)now. 电话正在使用中。 Part three Sentence 1. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disapp
14、eared. 本句是复合句,since“因为,既然”,引导原因状语从句,对前面主句进行解释。 since 引导的原因状语从句引导的原因状语从句 (1)since 引导原因状语从句,位于主句之前或之后,表示已知的、显然的理由,通常翻译 成“既然”,与 now that 可互换,语气比 because 弱。 Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你有空,你最好帮我补习数学。 (2)seeing(that) (由于,鉴于) ,now(that) (既然) ,considering(that)
15、 (考虑到) ,in that (因为)等连词词组,也引导原因状语从句。 Seeing that you are on a diet, we wont have dessert. 由于你在节食,我们就不吃甜食了。 Now(that)you are grown up,you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了,就不应该依靠你的父母了。 Considering(that)everybody is here, lets begin our discussion. 考虑到大家都到了,我们就开始讨论吧。 注意: since 引导的时间状语从句,表示“自从”,从
16、句时态常用一般过去时,主句时态用现在完成 时或现在完成进行时。 I have been missing her since she left.自从她离开我就一直很想念她。 2. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 本句是一个复合句。Only when we learn位于句首,主句 can we stop是部分倒装句。 “only+状语”结构引起的部分倒装 当 only 置于句首修饰做状语的副词、介词短语或 if,
17、when,because 引导的状语从句时,句 子要用部分倒装,即把助动词、情态动词或 be 动词提到主语前面。 Only then did he realize that he was not fit for the job. 到那时他才意识到他不适合做这项工作。 (“only+介词短语”位于句首) 注意:only 强调主语,句子不必倒装。 Only Tom and John failed in the exam. 只有汤姆和约翰考试没及格。 总结: (1)在以 never,little,hardly,not,seldom,on no account(决不) ,at no time(决不)等 否定副词或短语开头的句子中,采用部分倒装结构。 Little does she know what may happen. 她一点儿也不知道会发生什么事。 (2)在使用 so.that.句式时,若“so+形容词/副词”放在句首,主句部分倒装句。 So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 光的传播速度太快,我们很难想象它的速度。