1、Section Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 主干图解主干图解 (一一)过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 探究发现探究发现 1Before the show, hundreds of excited visitors waited in their seats eagerly. 2The Normans ruled England after the well- known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. 3The oldest castle built by the
2、 Norman rulers in Windsor nearby. 4Come and read the poem written by an eight- year- old boy! 5So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 6He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 我的发现我的发现 例句例句1、2、5中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修中为单个的过去分词作定语
3、，常常放于被修 饰名词的饰名词的_；例句；例句3、4、6中过去分词短语作定语，常常放中过去分词短语作定语，常常放 于被修饰名词的于被修饰名词的 。 后面后面 前面前面 (二二)过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语 探究发现探究发现 第一组：第一组： 1Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. 2You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands a
4、nd the North of England. 3Have you ever heard the song sung in Chinese? 4Wed like to see the problems solved within seven days. 第二组：第二组： 1I had a photo taken standing on the Great Wall. 2Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland
5、 connected in the same peaceful way. 3You must make yourself respected. 第三组：第三组： 1The teacher wanted the problem discussed at the moment. 2The manager wished those letters typed as soon as possible. 我的发现我的发现 (1)以上例句中的过去分词在句中作以上例句中的过去分词在句中作_，它们与句子，它们与句子 宾语之间的关系为逻辑上的宾语之间的关系为逻辑上的_关系或完成关系。关系或完成关系。 (2)在第
6、一组句子中，在第一组句子中，_和和_等感官动词后接过去分等感官动词后接过去分 词词(短语短语)作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。 (3)在第二组句子中，在第二组句子中，_和和_等使役动词后接过去等使役动词后接过去 分词分词(短语短语)作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。 (4)在第三组句子中，在第三组句子中，_和和_都为表示意愿或愿望的动都为表示意愿或愿望的动 词，其后可以用过去分词词，其后可以用过去分词(短语短语)作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。 宾语补足语宾语补足语 find, hear 被动被动 see have, get make want wish 新知突破新知突破 1Judy and I had o
7、ur car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在朱迪和我把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在 那里我们可以给我们的汽车充电。那里我们可以给我们的汽车充电。 charge n收费；指控；主管；责任收费；指控；主管；责任 vt.收费；控告；充电收费；控告；充电 (1)charge (sb.) for sth. 为为(向某人向某人)收费收费/要价要价 charge sb. w
8、ith (doing) sth. 指控指控/指责某人指责某人(做做)某事某事 (2)in charge (of .) 主管主管/看管看管/负责负责() take charge of . 负责负责/主管主管 in/under the charge of sb.in ones charge 由由负责负责/掌管掌管 free of charge 免费免费 The hotel charges 200 yuan a day for this room. 这家旅馆的这个房间每天收费这家旅馆的这个房间每天收费200元。元。 The police charged the thief stealing the
9、jewels. 警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。 The company was badly organized before she _ it. 在她掌管之前，这家公司组织的很差。在她掌管之前，这家公司组织的很差。 with took charge of The company is _ Tom when the boss is away. Tom is _ the company when the boss is away. 当老板不在的时候由汤姆掌管公司。当老板不在的时候由汤姆掌管公司。 You can play football in the stadium _ i
10、f you are a member. 如果你是一名会员，你可以免费在这个体育馆踢足球。如果你是一名会员，你可以免费在这个体育馆踢足球。 in the charge of in charge of free of charge 2When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. 当我们最终到达服务台去询问音频指南时，我们听到它宣当我们最终到达服务台去询问音频指南时，我们听到它宣 布已经没有音频指
11、南了。布已经没有音频指南了。 announce vt.宣布；通知；声称宣布；通知；声称 (1)announce sth.(to sb.) (向某人向某人)宣布、通知某事宣布、通知某事 announce that . 宣布宣布；通知；通知 It is/was announced that . 据宣布据宣布；据通知；据通知 (2)announcement n. 通知；通告通知；通告 make an announcement 宣布；下通知宣布；下通知 (3)announcer n. 广播员；播音员广播员；播音员 (2017 全国卷全国卷)He said the lucky woman will be
12、 announced on the website and the trip will be shared online. 他说有幸得到这张机票的女士将在网站上公布出来，整个他说有幸得到这张机票的女士将在网站上公布出来，整个 旅行也会在线分享。旅行也会在线分享。 One day with a basket of vegetables, he _ _ he was going to cook a delicious dish. 一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳 肴。肴。 announced to us that At the end
13、 of the meeting, _ an agreement had been reached. 会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。 语境串记语境串记 The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be announced through the broadcast. 广播员宣布所有的细节都应通过广播公布出来。广播员宣布所有的细节都应通过广播公布出来。 名师点津名师点津 动词动词 announce 后不跟双宾语，表示后不跟双宾语，表示“向某人宣向某人宣 布某事布某事”时应该说时应该说anno
14、unce sth. to sb.或或announce to sb. sth.。 类似用法的单词还有：类似用法的单词还有：suggest, explain, report, say 等。等。 it was announced that 3We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery. 我们对国家美术馆入口处的大量的参观者和大量噪声感到我们对国家美术馆入口处的大量的参观者和大量噪声感到
15、非常惊讶。非常惊讶。 amount n金额；数量金额；数量 (1)“a large amount of不可数名词不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用作主语时，谓语动词用 单数，意为单数，意为“大量的大量的” “large amounts of 不可数名词不可数名词”作主语时， 谓语动词用作主语时， 谓语动词用 复数，意为复数，意为“大量的大量的” (2)the amount of . 的总数量的总数量 amount to 达到达到(某数量某数量)；合计；相当于；合计；相当于 People in disaster areas have had a large amount of help from
16、people all over the world. 灾区人民得到了全世界人们的大量帮助。 A large amount of damage _ (do) to the city in a very short time. 短时间内，这个城市受到了大量的损坏。 The cost of the books amounted _ 200. 这些书的费用共计 200 英镑。 So far, large amountsof money _ (receive) 到现在为止，已收到了大量的钱。 has been done have been received to 联想发散联想发散 表示表示“大量的大量的
17、”短语还有短语还有 a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a large quantity of 等。等。 a great deal of 只能修饰不可数名词；只能修饰不可数名词； a large number of 只能修饰可数名词复数；只能修饰可数名词复数； a lot of, plenty of, a large quantity of 既可以修饰可数名词，既可以修饰可数名词， 也可以修饰不可数名词。也可以修饰不可数名词。 4It was hard to approach the painting as there were so
18、many people around. 因为周围人太多了，所以很难靠近画。因为周围人太多了，所以很难靠近画。 approach n方法；途径；接近方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近靠近 (1)an approach to (doing) sth. (做做)某事的方法某事的方法/途径途径 at the approach of 在快到在快到的时候的时候 make approaches to sb. 接近某人；与某人打交道接近某人；与某人打交道 (2)approachable adj. 可接近的；友好的可接近的；友好的 (2019 天津高考天津高考)If a
19、 child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. 如果一个孩子走近他，他会停下来全神贯注于那个孩子。如果一个孩子走近他，他会停下来全神贯注于那个孩子。 _ the cinema, he stopped and waited for his friends. 在快到电影院时，他停下来等他的朋友。在快到电影院时，他停下来等他的朋友。 We found him very _ (approach) and easy to talk with. 我们发现他非常和蔼可亲，容易交流。我们发现他非常
20、和蔼可亲，容易交流。 At the approach of approachable At the meeting they discussed three different _ (approach) to the study of maths. 在会上，他们讨论了学习数学的三种不同的方法。在会上，他们讨论了学习数学的三种不同的方法。 The approach winter brings cold weather. 冬天的来临带来寒冷天气。冬天的来临带来寒冷天气。 Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is
21、 the best approach to (work) things out. 面对你的问题而不是逃避是解决问题的最好的方法。面对你的问题而不是逃避是解决问题的最好的方法。 approaches of working 联想发散联想发散 approach, way, means, method 等在表达等在表达“(做做)某某 事的方法事的方法”时各自的搭配分别是：时各自的搭配分别是： the approach to (doing) sth. the way to do/of (doing) sth. the means of (doing) sth. the method of (doing)
22、 sth. 一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语 1过去分词作定语时的位置过去分词作定语时的位置 (1)前置定语前置定语 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词 之前。之前。 Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health. 污染了的空气和水对人们的健康有害。污染了的空气和水对人们的健康有害。 The new product finally passed the required test. 新产品终于通过了要求的测试。新产品终于通过了要求的测试。 名师点津名师点津 有些过去
23、分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也 放在所修饰的名词之后，如放在所修饰的名词之后，如 left (剩余的剩余的), given (所给的所给的), concerned (有关的有关的)等。等。 There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out. 剩余的老虎不多了， 是相关部门采取措施保护它们免遭灭剩余的老虎不多了， 是相关部门采取措施保护它们免遭灭 绝的时候了。绝的时候了。 如
24、 果 被 修 饰 的 词 是 由如 果 被 修 饰 的 词 是 由every/some/any/no与与 thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词所构成的复合代词或指示代词 those 等，单个等，单个 分词放在被修饰词的后面。分词放在被修饰词的后面。 Is there anything unsolved? 还有什么没解决的吗？还有什么没解决的吗？ (2)后置定语后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之 后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 The meeting held y
25、esterday is of great importance. The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance. 昨天举行的会议非常重要。昨天举行的会议非常重要。 即时训练即时训练 1 (1)用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 (2017 北京高考改编北京高考改编)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students. (2016 浙江高考改编浙江高考改编)To return to the problem
26、 of water pollution, Id like you to look at a study_ (conduct) in Australia in 2012. (2015 全国卷全国卷语法填空语法填空) The adobe dwellings (土坯房土坯房) _ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. spent conducted built (2)句型转换句型转换 He is a
27、 teacher loved by his students. He is a teacher _. The girl, who was brought up by her uncle, has begun to work now. The girl, _, has begun to work now. who is loved by his students brought up by her uncle 2过去分词作定语时的意义过去分词作定语时的意义 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间 上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。上
28、，常表示动作已经发生或完成。 Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. (表示被动表示被动) 卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。的大袋中。 The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon. (表示被动和完成表示被动和完成) 会上提出的计划将很快被执行。会上提出的计划将很快被执行。 (2) 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表
29、示被动意义，只强 调动作的完成状态。调动作的完成状态。 Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week. 上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。 The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。 即时训练即时训练 2 选择填空选择填空 过去分词作定语有三种情况：过去分词作定语有三种情况： A只表示被动只表示被动 B只表示完成只表示完成 C既表示被动又表
30、示完成既表示被动又表示完成 请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况 America is a developed country. _ I found it hard to understand the English spoken by the native villagers. _ Is there anything planned for the weekend？ _ B A C 3过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 意义意义 形式形式 语态语态 时态时态 过去分词过去分词 被动被动 完成完成 现在分词现在分词 主动主动 进行进
31、行 As we all know, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 The visitor came from a developed country. 这位游客来自于一个发达国家。这位游客来自于一个发达国家。 即时训练即时训练 3 用分词作定语补全句子用分词作定语补全句子 Even though it is still in summer, there are _ _ on the ground. 尽管仍是夏天，但地上有很多的落叶。尽管仍是夏天，但地上有很多的落叶。 Nowadays there
32、are a lot of man- made satellites _ _. 如今在太空中有许许多多人造卫星在飞行。如今在太空中有许许多多人造卫星在飞行。 many fallen leaves flying in space 4过去分词过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词与动词 不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别作定语的区别 意义意义 形式形式 语态语态 时态时态 done 被动被动 完成完成 being done 被动被动 进行进行 to be done 被动被动 尚未发生尚未发生 The buildin
33、g built last year is our classroom building. 去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。 The building being built now is our classroom building. 现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。 The building to be built next month is our classroom building. 下个月下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。 即时训练即时训练 4 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 The c
34、ars _ (sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou. Tsinghua University, _ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. There are still many problems _ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. being sold founded to be solved 二、过去分词作宾语补足语二、过去分词作宾语补足语 1过去分词用在表状态
35、的动词过去分词用在表状态的动词 keep, leave 等词的后面作宾语等词的后面作宾语 补足语。补足语。 He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched. 他起床晚了，没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。他起床晚了，没吃早饭就匆忙去上班了。 2过去分词用在使役动词过去分词用在使役动词 have/get 和和 make 的后面作宾语补的后面作宾语补 足语。足语。 (1)“have/get宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”可以表示两可以表示两种含义：种含义： “让让 别人做某事别人做某事”或或“遭遇到某种不幸遭遇到某
36、种不幸”。 Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left. 在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱儿对行李进行了安检。在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱儿对行李进行了安检。 While they were on holiday, they had their car broken into. 他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。 (2)在在“make宾语过去分词宾语过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示这种结构中，过去分词表示 结果。结果。 They managed to make themselves understood
37、by using very simple English. 他们设法用很简单的英语来使自己被理解。他们设法用很简单的英语来使自己被理解。 3 感官动词 see, hear,notice, observe, watch, feel, find,listen to 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. 当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家度过假期。 The next morning people found the world outsid
38、e their houses completely changed. 第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变样了。 4 表示 表示“希望； 愿望； 命令希望； 愿望； 命令”的动词， 如的动词， 如 like, want, wish, expect, order 等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week. 经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。 5过去分词用在过去分词用在“with宾语宾补宾语宾补”这这一结构中，过去分一结构中，过
39、去分 词与宾语之间是动宾关系。词与宾语之间是动宾关系。 The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked. 客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备盛放即将做好的饭客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌准备盛放即将做好的饭 菜。菜。 John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it. 约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也做完了，约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的
40、工作也做完了，他就欣然接他就欣然接 受了邀请。受了邀请。 即时训练即时训练 5 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 Back from his two- year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother _ (take) good care of at home. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _ (wash). Lucy has a great sense of humour and alwa
41、ys keeps her colleagues _ (amuse) with her stories. taken washed amused With the problem _ (solve), the quality has been improved. The boss wouldnt like the topic _ (discuss) at the meeting. He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself _ (notice) solved discussed noticed 三、非谓语动词三、非谓语
42、动词(短语短语)作宾语补足语的区别作宾语补足语的区别 1感官动词感官动词(短语短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel 等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以以 hear 为例为例)： hear宾语宾语 doing sth.听到听到正在做正在做 主动、进行主动、进行 do sth. 听到听到做了做了 主动、强调动作全过程主动、强调动作全过程 done 听到听到被做被做 被动、完成或无时间性被动、完成或无时间性 I heard her singing an English s
43、ong when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。(主动、正主动、正 在进行在进行) I heard her sing an English song just now. 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。(主动、完成主动、完成) To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible. 为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听
44、英语。为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地听英语。(被动、无时间被动、无时间 性性) 即时训练即时训练 6 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 They knew her very well. They had seen her _ (grow) up from childhood. The missing boy was last seen _ (play) near the river. When he came back, he was glad to see the work _ (finish) grow playing finished 2使役动词使役动词 make, hav
45、e, get, keep 后加复合宾语的比较后加复合宾语的比较 make宾语宾语 do sth. 使使做某事做某事 表示主动表示主动 done 使使被做被做 表示被动表示被动 The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face. 这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。 I made myself known to them first and then we talked about our hobbies. 我先向他们作了自我介绍，然后我
46、们谈论了我们的爱好。我先向他们作了自我介绍，然后我们谈论了我们的爱好。 have宾语宾语 do sth. 让让做某事做某事 主动主动 doing sth. 让让持续做某事持续做某事 主动、进行主动、进行 done 让让被做被做 被动被动 Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. 妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。 He had us laughing all through the meal. 整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。 My elder sister had her wallet stolen
47、on a bus last month. 上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。 get宾语宾语 to do sth. 让让做某事做某事 主动主动 doing sth. 让让开始做某事开始做某事 主动主动 done 让让被做被做 被动被动 He got me to post the letter for him. 他让我替他寄信。他让我替他寄信。 The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。休息了片刻之后，上
48、尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。 Ill get my cell phone repaired tomorrow. 我明天要我明天要(请人请人)修一下我的手机。修一下我的手机。 keep 宾语宾语 doing sth. 使使一直做某事一直做某事 表示主动、进行表示主动、进行 done 使使被做被做 表示被动表示被动 Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。对不起，让你久等了。 She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was. 她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。 即时训练即时训练 7 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 (2018 天津高考改编天津高考改编)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph (take) Barbara often makes a schedule to get herself _ (remind) of what she is to do in the day. He spoke slowly and clearly so that
