1、阅读理解解题技巧 PART 01PART 01 Warming up Warming up 阿呆给领导送红包时，两人的对话颇有意思。 领导:“你这是什么意思?” 阿呆:“没什么意思，意思意思。” 领导:“你这就丌够意思了。” 阿呆:“小意思，小意思。” 领导:“你这人真有意思。” 阿呆:“其实也没有别的意思。” 领导:“那我就丌好意思了。” 阿呆:“是我丌好意思。” 汉 语 十 级 考 题 PART 02PART 02 Presentation 阅读三部曲 题型突破 题型归纳 细节理解题 主旨大意题 推理判断题 词义猜测题 细节理解题 1. 在阅读理解中，要求査找主要事实和特定细节问题常有以下
2、几种命题方式： 1) Which of the following statement is true? 2) Which of the following is not mentioned in the text? 3) The author(or the passage)states that _. 4) According to the passage, when(where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.）_? 细节理解题 2.解题技巧 技巧1:关键词定位法 题干中的关键词往往是要找的答案的同义词、近义词、反义词等信息词。 技巧2:句子定位法 根据问
3、题或图片，从原文直接找到对应的句子。 技巧3:信息归纳法 对亍丌能从原文中直接找出答案的，可在把握全文内容的前提下，进行信 息归纳。 细节理解题 范例 Solar power is a kind of electricity which is produced by taking energy from the sun, using solar panels (问题) Solar power is a kind of energy taken from_ A. the air B the sun C. the water D. the ground 细节理解题 范例1 Solar power
4、is a kind of electricity which is produced by taking energy from the sun, using solar panels (问题) Solar power is a kind of energy taken from_ A. the air B the sun C. the water D. the ground 【解析】选B。事实细节题。由文中的“ by taking energy from the sun”可知答案选B。 细节理解题 范例2 Cats first started to live around people in
5、 Egypt about 6,000-7,000 years ago. From Egypt, cats started to move around the world. This is about the same time that Egyptians began storing grain in buildings. Soon cats were in Greece. then the Middle East and China. They moved along Egyptian business roads keeping away mice and keeping people
6、around them. After the Romans came to Egypt, they also accepted the cats and brought them to Europe. Cats are relatively recent house animals. House cats still have a lot in common with their wild relatives. Cats sleep a lot to save energy just like wild cats. (问题) According to the text, which of th
7、e following is TRUE? A. Cats started to move around the world from China B. Cats get food at night to save energy like wild cats C. Cats have a little in common with their wild cats D. Cats were accepted and brought to Europe by Romans 细节理解题 范例2 Cats first started to live around people in Egypt abou
8、t 6,000-7,000 years ago. From Egypt, cats started to move around the world. This is about the same time that Egyptians began storing grain in buildings. Soon cats were in Greece. then the Middle East and China. They moved along Egyptian business roads keeping away mice and keeping people around them
9、. After the Romans came to Egypt, they also accepted the cats and brought them to Europe. Cats are relatively recent house animals. House cats still have a lot in common with their wild relatives. Cats sleep a lot to save energy just like wild cats. (问题) According to the text, which of the following
10、 is TRUE? A. Cats started to move around the world from China B. Cats get food at night to save energy like wild cats C. Cats have a little in common with their wild cats D. Cats were accepted and brought to Europe by Romans 【解析】选D。事实细节题。由标红句子对比可得出答案。 内容讲解-主旨大意题 1. 主旨大意题的常见的提问形式: 1 )The best title f
11、or this passage may be 2) This is a passage about 3 )What is the main idea of this passage? 4) The passage mainly tells us about 5)The writer wrote the passage in order to 主旨大意题 2. 做题技巧 【技巧1】定位主题句 1. 句子结构简单精炼，一般位亍段首或段尾。 【技巧2】查找关键词 1. 找到文章中多次出现并蕴含着文章的中心思想的关键词。 【技巧3】概括总结法 1. 全文阅读后进行归纳总结文章的主旨大意。 内容讲解-主
12、旨大意题 范例1 Almost every Chinese person can recite the two lines of the famous poem.“ Every grain on the plate comes from hard work(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).” But sadly, many of us dont actually get the real meaning of these lines: Dont waste food. （问题 )Whats the main topic of the passage? A. Dont waste food B. Ma
13、ny people die of hunger C. Don,t be picky about food D. Eat all the food you order 内容讲解-主旨大意题 范例1 Almost every Chinese person can recite the two lines of the famous poem.“ Every grain on the plate comes from hard work(谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).” But sadly, many of us dont actually get the real meaning of these l
14、ines: Dont waste food. （问题 )Whats the main topic of the passage? A. Dont waste food B. Many people die of hunger C. Don,t be picky about food D. Eat all the food you order 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文开篇通过人们熟悉的两句古诗对比人们的 现实表现提出文章的主题一一丌要浪费粮食( Dont waste food)。 内容讲解-主旨大意题 范例2 On the Internet. we can read news at hom
15、e and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often sende-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. We also enioy music. watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our ho
16、mes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. （问题 )Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Keep away from the Internet B. Surf the net C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life D. We can enjoy ourselves on the Internet 主旨大意题 范例2 On the Internet. w
17、e can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often sende-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. We also enioy music. watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even
18、without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. （问题 )Whats the main idea of the passage? A. Keep away from the Internet B. Surf the net C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life D. We can enjoy ourselves on the Internet 【解析】答案
19、:C。主题句在文尾。帮助学生分析主题句乊前的那些句子的作用 ，这些句子往往是举例子，摆事实，而对其的总结就是主题句。 推理判断题 1. 推理判断题常见的设问形式: 1) It can be inferred from the text that 2) From the text we know that 3) The story implies that 4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be 5) The writers attitude towardis 6) The author implied that
20、推理判断题 2. 推理判断题技巧 1）根据文中某些词、句子或段落进行推理。 2）根据句子的诧气、文章论调和倾向进行推断。 3）方法步骤 第一步: 定位，即定位段落，进行目标阅读。 第二步: 详读，即在了解大意的基础上，进行深层把握。 第三步: 推理，要立足诧篇，据实推理。 推理判断题 范例1 A news story is not only correct, but also relevant to its readers. People are mostly interested in news that happens near to them. That is why you care
21、more about what happens at your school than that at American schools. It is also why newspapers in Beijing dont talk about much news in Shanghai or Hong Kong. （问题 )According to the writer, newspaper in Liaocheng should talk much about news in_ A. Liaocheng B. Hong Kong C. Shanghai D. Beijing 推理判断题 范
22、例1 A news story is not only correct, but also relevant to its readers. People are mostly interested in news that happens near to them. That is why you care more about what happens at your school than that at American schools. It is also why newspapers in Beijing dont talk about much news in Shanghai
23、 or Hong Kong. （问题 ) According to the writer, newspaper in Liaocheng should talk much about news in_ A. Liaocheng B. Hong Kong C. Shanghai D. Beijing 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章介绍好的新闻稿件应该不读者生活密 Liaochen切相关，故聊城的人关心更多的应该是聊城的事。故选A。 推理判断题 THE FORKS MARKET The Forks Market offers many different kinds of special souv
24、enirs. Downstairs, shoppers may buy fresh food and fruits. In the upstairs, hoppers will find artworks. Tel：204-942-6302 范例2 MANITOBA LEGISLATIVE BUILDING Manitoba Legislative Building was completed in 1920. many consider to be the finest in the country. Open from a, m, to 8 p. m. for self-guided to
25、urs. Guided tours are offered free. Call for more information Tel:204-945-5813 www.gov.mb.ca/mit/legtour/index.html （问题 )Where is text most probably from? A. A guide book B. A picture book C. A history book D. A science book 推理判断题 THE FORKS MARKET The Forks Market offers many different kinds of spec
26、ial souvenirs. Downstairs, shoppers may buy fresh food and fruits. In the upstairs, hoppers will find artworks. Tel：204-942-6302 范例2 MANITOBA LEGISLATIVE BUILDING Manitoba Legislative Building was completed in 1920. many consider to be the finest in the country. Open from a, m, to 8 p. m. for self-g
27、uided tours. Guided tours are offered free. Call for more information Tel:204-945-5813 www.gov.mb.ca/mit/legtour/index.html （问题 )Where is text most probably from? A. A guide book B. A picture book C. A history book D. A science book 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据内容可知，旅游指南， A guide bok，入门书，指南手册;指导书，参考手册。 词义猜测题 1. 词
28、义猜测题常见的设问形式 1）The word“”most likely means_. 2) The underlined word/phrase in the passage means_. 3) The word“”in the Iirst paragraph refers to_. 4) The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means_. 5) Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the first/second/last pa
29、ragraph? 词义猜测题 2. 推理判断解题技巧 【技巧1】见“形”辨义。 即利用构词法来理解词义。 【技巧2】望“文”生义。 即根据上下文，利用定义或释义、同义词反义词等进行猜测。 【技巧3】拆“句”知义。 即分析句子，根据句子结构的逻辑关系来理解词义。 词义猜测题 范例1 Children are always boasting. They say things like My Dads car is bigger than your Dads, My Mom is smarter than yours. andMy family has more money than yours.”
30、 （问题 )The word“ boasting”means_ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 词义猜测题 范例1 Children are always boasting. They say things like My Dads car is bigger than your Dads, My Mom is smarter than yours. andMy family has more money than yours.” （问题 )The word“ boasting”means_ A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。文段里说到，孩子们总是会说“
31、我爹的车比你爹 的车大；我妈妈比你妈妈聪明；我家比你家有钱。”可看出是在相互吹牛，故 选B。 词义猜测题 范例2 Some Advice on Travel Forget fashion(时尚)! Always wear your most comfortable clothes when going on long journeys(旅行) Traveling on trains and buses can be boring, so take a good book to read If you are going somewhere sunny, remember to bring yo
32、ur sun-block(防晒霜) and sunglasses. Always take a camera with you to capture those special moments. （问题 )The underlined word capture in this passage means_ A.拍摄 B.感受 C.抓住 D.选择 词义猜测题 范例2 Some Advice on Travel Forget fashion(时尚)! Always wear your most comfortable clothes when going on long journeys(旅行)
33、Traveling on trains and buses can be boring, so take a good book to read If you are going somewhere sunny, remember to bring your sun-block(防晒霜) and sunglasses. Always take a camera with you to capture those special moments. （问题 )The underlined word capture in this passage means_ A.拍摄 B.感受 C.抓住 D.选择
34、 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，作者建议我们带 着照相机去记录旅途中特殊的时刻。由最后一句中的 camera照 相机我们可以猜到，capture 应该是拍摄的意思。 达标测试一 People eat different things in different parts of the world. In south China we eat rice every day. Sometimes we eat it two or three times a day, for breakfast, lunch and supper. We usually eat it with fish
35、, meat and vegetable. The Japanese eat rice, too. They also eat a lot of fish. They sometimes eat raw( 生的)fish. In Africa，maize(玉米)is the most important food. People there make maize into flour(面粉). From this flour they make different kinds of bread and cakes. In western(西方的) countries such as Brita
36、in, Australia and the U.S.A, the most important food is bread or potatoes. People there usually make their bread from wheat flour. They cook the potatoes in different ways. In England the most popular food is fish and chips. Sometimes people cook this food at home, but usually they buy it at the sho
37、p. They eat this food at home, in their work place, in the park or on the road. People call it “take-away” food. 内容讲解-达标测试一 1. This passage is about_. A. food B. drink C. clothes D. ways of life 2. Who sometimes eat fish when it isnt cooked? A. People in China B People in Japan C. People in Africa D
38、. People in Britain 3. The most important food for African people is_. A. rice B. fish C vegetable D maize 4. Which of the following countries is calleda western country”？ A. One of the countries in Africa. B Japan C. China D. Australia 内容讲解-达标测试二 It was yard sale time again, and everyone in the Jon
39、es family was getting ready. Billy, the youngest, was clearing out his old toys. He put several old robots in his yard sale box. He also found some clothes that didnt fit. Suzy，the middle child, decided to part with some stuffed animals(毛绒玩具）from her collection. She also found some old books. Regina
40、. the eldest, had music CDS and some clothes to sell. She had the most clothes of the children to sell. Dad had many things he could part with: some tools, some records he didnt listen to, some computer parts and a few old jackets and suits. 达标测试二 Mom had a few things to sell. She chose some handbag
41、s, some shoes and some clothes. She also found some old dishes. Together, the five of them set up their tables and the sale began at 7: 30 a.m. People came early and the buying and selling was fierce. They hardly had time to take a rest. Many people brought young children, so Billy did well. He sold
42、 out his toys quickly. Girls liked Suzys stuffed animals, and a few teenagers bought most of Reginas music CDS. Mom and Dad had the most things, so they took longer to sell them, but they also made more money. In the end, Billy made $22, Suzy made S18 and Regina made $43. Mom and Dad made a bit more
43、. Dad made $143 and Mom made $97. It was quite a good day. 达标测试二 1. Who didnt bring clothes to the yard sale? A. Billy B. Suzy. C. Dad 2. Mom didnt bring _ to the yard sale. A. shoes B. handbag C. music CDS 3. The underlined word“ fierce” means“_ ”in Chinese. A.仓促的 B.悠闲的 C.激烈的 4. Mom and Dad took longer to sell their things because they_. A. were bad at selling B. had the most things C. had to prepare food and drinks 5. How much did the three children make at the yard sale? A.83 B.180. C.240. 达标测试 答案： 测试一 A B D D 测试二 B C C B A PART 03PART 03 Summary Summary PART 04PART 04 Diagnosis
