1、短文填空短文填空专题练专题练 一、明确词义，分辨词性，标记变形一、明确词义，分辨词性，标记变形 首先研究方框中所给的首先研究方框中所给的 10 个词汇，对其词性、含义、变形等作出判断，再梳理个词汇，对其词性、含义、变形等作出判断，再梳理 标记可变形的词汇。陕西中考短文填空词汇考查情况及考生需注意的事项标记可变形的词汇。陕西中考短文填空词汇考查情况及考生需注意的事项;数数 如下如下: 1.必考点必考点 实义动词实义动词(24 个个):注意其注意其单三形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词单三形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词的变化。的变化。 此外，也应掌握动词与其他词性之间的转换，如此外，也应掌握动词与
2、其他词性之间的转换，如: 动词动词形容词形容词(use useful) ;动词动词名词名词 (work- worker，drive driver) 形容词形容词(23 个个):注意其注意其副词形式及比较等级的变化副词形式及比较等级的变化。同时也。同时也需留意一些由动需留意一些由动 词的现在分词词的现在分词/过去分词转化而来的过去分词转化而来的形容词形容词，如，如: exciting/ excited 名词名词(1-3 个个):注意可数名词的注意可数名词的复数形式复数形式，尤，尤:其是其是不规则变形不规则变形，如，如: child-， children，footfeet 此外，还应注意词性的转换
3、，如名词转换为形容词等此外，还应注意词性的转换，如名词转换为形容词等. 代词代词:注意人称代词与其注意人称代词与其宾格、形容词性物主宾格、形容词性物主 代词、名词性物主代词、反身代代词、名词性物主代词、反身代 词之间词之间的转换。的转换。 情态动词情态动词:应明白情态动词的具体用法，如应明白情态动词的具体用法，如:表能力、表允许、表请求、推测表能力、表允许、表请求、推测等。等。 并结合上下文判断是否涉及情态动词时态的变化。并结合上下文判断是否涉及情态动词时态的变化。 3.冷考点冷考点 数词数词:陕西中考仅在陕西中考仅在 2013 年年 63 题考查了题考查了 1 次序数词变基数词次序数词变基数
4、词。因此，考生应。因此，考生应 熟记常用的基数词及序数词之间的转换，也应掌握概数词的相关用法熟记常用的基数词及序数词之间的转换，也应掌握概数词的相关用法. 系动词和感官动词系动词和感官动词:应注意人称、数和时态的变化，熟记不规则变化应注意人称、数和时态的变化，熟记不规则变化。 二、通读全文，把握大意，试填词汇二、通读全文，把握大意，试填词汇 做好填词题常用的两种方法做好填词题常用的两种方法: 根据固定搭配、习惯用法填词根据固定搭配、习惯用法填词根据语法知识填词。根据语法知识填词。 可参考以下五个角度可参考以下五个角度 1.如果空后是谓语动词， 且句子其他内容完整， 则本句缺少如果空后是谓语动词
5、， 且句子其他内容完整， 则本句缺少主语主语， 考虑使， 考虑使用名词、用名词、 代词、动名词代词、动名词等作主语等作主语; 2.如果空前是句子主语，空后为宾语，则本句缺少如果空前是句子主语，空后为宾语，则本句缺少谓语成分谓语成分，考虑使用，考虑使用动词动词。同。同 时需结合主语的人称及相关时时需结合主语的人称及相关时间标志词来判断动词的形式间标志词来判断动词的形式. 3.如果空后是如果空后是名词名词，空前有限定词，空前有限定词(如如:冠词及形容词性物主代词等冠词及形容词性物主代词等)，可考虑使用，可考虑使用 形容词形容词. 4.若空前有表示程度的副词，如若空前有表示程度的副词，如: a li
6、ttle，much，或空后有，或空后有 than 时，考虑时，考虑比较级比较级; 空前出现空前出现 one of the 或空后有或空后有 of all 等关键词时，考虑用等关键词时，考虑用最高级最高级. 5.如果空前是如果空前是实义动词实义动词，则考虑填，则考虑填副词副词，同时注意如果，同时注意如果空前是系动词、感官动词空前是系动词、感官动词 或或 be 动词动词，则需要填容词，构成主系表结构。，则需要填容词，构成主系表结构。 三、复读短文、核实答案、确保无误三、复读短文、核实答案、确保无误. A 同步篇同步篇 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的造当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 （每个単词限短文填空
7、：用方框中所给单词的造当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 （每个単词限 用一次。每空只填一个单词。 ）用一次。每空只填一个单词。 ） when, change, dead, blood, offer, argue, excite, return, alone, decide Bill is a 15-year-old boy. He is poor but clever. Three years ago, his parents died in a car accident, because their heads and necks were badly hurt and they lost to
8、o much 61 _.The boy was very sad because of his parents 62 _ , but he had to live 63 _. But one thing 64 _ his life. One day, he found a wallet in the street 65_he was walking. Bill didnt put it into his own bag. Instead, he 66_ it to its owner, Mr. Black And Mr. Black thanked him by 67 _him a job i
9、n his toy factory. Bill was 68 _about the job. So he made a 69 _work hard there. Whatever he did, he always tried his best. He was also kind to everyone and never 70 _ with anyone else. Two years later, he got a chance to take toy designing lessons. What a lucky boy! B 篇篇 拔高篇拔高篇 VI 短文填空；短文填空； 用方框中所给
10、单词的适当形式填空（每空一词；每个词限用一用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空（每空一词；每个词限用一 次） （次） （10 小题；共小题；共 10 分）分） good; thank; mother; get; begin; class; something; interest ; she ;teach I have never taken cooking classes. I learned cooking form my mother because she was really 66_ in teaching me how to cook. The main reason for this w
11、as because when my mother 67_ married, she didnt know how to cook 68 _, not even an egg. My grandmother never allowed her to stay in the kitchen when she was cooking. My mother did not start to cook until she was 25 years old. At the 69 _ it was very hard for her. Therefore, she had to take cooking
12、70 _ to prepare our meals. After having that experience, she 71_ how to cook because she didnt want me to have the same experience. I remember when I was seven years old, I was with her in the kitchen enjoying cooking. I always helped 72_out. Sometimes we prepared meals that my mother already knew,
13、and sometimes we prepared them from recipes. Nowadays, I am really 73 _ fir that experience because I dont need help to cook a meal. My friends are surprised that I can cook so quickly for me or a group of people. I will do the same with my children because I dont want them to have my 74 _ experienc
14、e. If one day I am not with them, I want to make sure that they can carry on their lives 75 _ than me. C 中考篇中考篇 Thomas Edison was a great American 1._ . When he was a child, he was always 2._ questions and trying out new ideas. No matter 3._ hard it was, he never gave up. Young Tom was in school for
15、 only three months. His teacher didnt understand why he had 4._ many strange questions. Most of them were not about his lessons. The teacher didnt want to teach Tom any 5._ . He asked Toms mother to take the boy home. Toms mother taught him to read and write, and she found him 6._ a very good pupil.
16、 He learnt very fast and became very 7._ in science. One day , he saw a little boy 8._ on the railway tracks at a station. A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened to move. Edison rushed out and carried the boy to 9 ._. The boys father was so 10._ that he taught Edison to send
17、 messages by telegraph. D 篇篇(2017 陕西陕西中考中考真题真题) 短文填空短文填空: 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 （每用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 （每个单词限用一次。每个单词限用一次。每 空只填一个单词。 ） （共空只填一个单词。 ） （共 10 小题，计小题，计 10 分）分） clear, doctor, happy, raise, find, parents, she, share, well, hope Alice was born with a strange disease. She was taken to
18、 many hospitals. None of the 61._ knew the cause (原因原因) of the disease. They told her parents she would go blind and deaf. Now Alice is fifteen years old. Her eyesight and hearing are so poor that she cant see or hear 62. _. But she is a bright and happy girl. She says to 63. _. “Whatever happens, I
19、 will never give up.”She 64._ to enjoy her life. With her 65. _ help, she is travelling as much as she can. She is also 66. _ the interesting things she experiences along the way. She also wants to help people like her. Her dream is to help researchers 67. _ a method for her disease. If she can get
20、68. _, people who have the same disease may also be cured (治愈治愈). In fact, she has 69._ money for foundation (基金会基金会) fighting the disease since she was in Grade Two. Until how, much, safe, thank, play , be, invent , no, so , interest, must , ask now, she has got over $150,000! Alice thinks helping
21、others can make her 70. _than having fun alone. She is doing her best to live her life without any regret. ( 2019 陕西中考真题）陕西中考真题） 短短文填空文填空:用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。使短文完整正确。 (每个单调限用一每个单调限用一 次只填一个单词。次只填一个单词。)(共共 10 小题小题,计计 10 分分) It was nine on a cold winter night. I hurried to go home fr
22、om work on my motorbike. At the last crossing, while I was 61. _ for the green light, I saw an old man walking toward me. He 62._me and I felt a little nervous. The old man said 63._,“Excuse me. Could you please help me? I looked at him up and down. He looked about 70 years old. The old man took out
23、 a 10-yuan bill and said to me, You see the old lady over there? She is selling baked(烤烤)sweet potatoes. Could you just 64._the money and buy one from her? He pointed at an old lady selling something about fifty 65. _ away in the comer. “But why dont you go and buy it 66._ I was puzzled(迷惑迷惑 的的). Th
24、e old man continued,That old lady is my wife and its her 67. _ day to sell baked sweet potatoes. Just now I called her. She told me that there was only one sweet potato left and she wouldnt go home until all the sweet potatoes were 68. _ out. But I know she cant stand the cold because her legs hurt.
25、 Im very worried about her.” At that time. I understood why the old man asked me to buy his 69. _sweet potato.I felt really warm and moved. Without taking the money, I rode to the old lady quickly and bought the last one,As I waved goodbye to the old man, I 70._ see him standing there with a thankful smile. meter, stop, one, can, take, wait, your, sell, slow, wife
