1、Book 3 unit 5 words and expressions 一、words and expressions 1._ n.基础;根据;基点 _在某事的基础上:根据某事 2._ n.贷款;借款 _取得贷款 3._ n.塑料 adj.塑料制的;塑料的 4._ (also apologize) vi.道歉;谢罪_ n. 道歉；谢罪 5._ vt.忽视; .对.丌予理会_adj. 无知的；愚昧的_n. 无知，愚昧 5._作为回报;作为回应 7._ vt. 评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员_n. 意见；判断力； 法 审判；评价 8._ n.(戏剧或歌剧的)场;现场;场面 9._ n. (书
2、.戏剧或电影中的）叙述者，讲述着，（电视节目中的)幕后解说员 _ n 叙述 讲叙 解说_vt. 叙述；给作旁白 10._ n.打赌:赌注 _打个赌 11._ n.仆人;用人 basis on the basis of loan take out a loan plastic apologise apology ignore ignorant ignorance in return judge judgement scene narrator narration narrate bet make a bet servant 12._事实上;其实;说真的 13._偶然地;意外地 14._ vi.
3、(人)乘船航行_n. 水手，海员；乘船者 15._vt.看见;注意到;发现n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹_adj. 无可挑剔的；无瑕疵的 16._ n.领事馆 17._ vi. 敢于 18._/so:t/ n.种类;类别 19._ n.采矿;采矿业_n. 矿，矿藏；矿山vt. 开采，采掘_n. 矿工；开 矿机 20._ n.耐心:忍耐力:毅力_adj. 有耐心的，能容忍的 21._说实话:坦率地说 22._应该;应当 23._即将或正要(做某事) as a matter of fact by accident sail sailor spot spotless consulate dare sor
4、t mining mine miner patience patient to be honest ought to be about to do sth 24._vt. 显示vt.象征;暗示 25._ adv. 怪异的:反常的 28._ n.义务 职责:责任 29._ n.打算;计划:意图:目的_vt. 打算；想要；意指 30._ adv.无处;哪里都丌 31._以防;以防万一 32._ n.程度;限度;大小;范围 _到.程度; .程度上 33._ n.歌剧 34._ n.音乐剧adj.音乐的 35._ n.恐龙 36._ vt.抱紧 indicate beneath postpone pu
5、t off odd obligation intention intend nowhere in case extent to . extent opera musical dinosaur hug 37._ vt.追求;致力于 38._ n.责任;义务;职责;值班_值班;值勤 39._ vi.犹豫;迟疑:顾虑_n. 犹豫 40._ vt.按顺序排列n.顺序;一系列 41._ adv.最后:终于 42._ n. (男装)救缝 vt.专门制作;定做 43._ n.职员:文书;店员 44._ n.举止:行为方式;方法; pl.礼貌; 礼仪 _以一.种.的方式;带着一.副.的样子 45._ adv.
6、顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下 _ n.楼梯;梯级 46._ adv.到旁边;在旁边;留;存 47._ n. 假使那样的话 pursue duty on duty hesitate hesitation sequence eventually tailor clerk manner in a . manner downstairs stair aside frown in that case 48._ n.可选择的事物;选择;选择权_adj. 可选择的，随意的 50._ adj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的_vt. 使扩大；使变宽 51._ adv.其实;实际上;当然;确实 52._ adj.典型的;正
7、常的;一般的;精神正常的n.常态;通常标准; -般水平 _adj. 反常的，丌规则的； 53._ adj愿意;乐意 54._愿意或乐意做某事 55._ n.要素;基本部分 56._ n.故业事情节:布局:阴谋 57._ 大使;使节;代表 58._ adj.上面的:上层的;靠上部的 _ adj;上流社会的:上等阶层的 _上流社会;上等阶层 59._ vt.维持;保持;维修;保养 option optional broad broaden indeed normal abnormal willing be willing to do sth element plot ambassador uppe
8、r upper-class the upper class maintain 60._ n.准许;许可;批准;许可证 _ vt.准许;使有可能 _ n.谚语:格言;警句 62._ adj.外部的;外面的;外来的 .63.Roderick 罗德里克 64.Oliver 奥利弗 65.Henry Adams 亨利.亚当斯 65.The Phantom of the Opera歌剧魅影(音乐剧) 66.Reid 里德 67.Todd 托德 68. Portia Langham 波希亚 兰厄姆 permission permit saying external . 根据语境及汉语提示写出单词的正确形式
9、 1. He _(对不予理会) all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. 2. Since he was stuck in a lift a year ago he hasnt _(敢于) to get back into one. 3. It will take a few more years to _(评判) the impact of these ideas. 4. She could see the muscles of his shoulders _(在下面) his T-shirt. 5. Teaching childr
10、en with special needs requires _(耐心) and understanding. 6. A red sky at night often _(暗示) fine weather the next day. 7. Well have to _(推迟) the meeting until next week. ignored dared judge beneath patience indicates postpone 8. Both factions have broadly agreed that the UN plan is a possible _(基础) fo
11、r negotiation. 9. This may have influenced your bank managers decision not to give you a _(贷款). 10. I _(道歉) if your enjoyment of the movie was spoiled. basis loan apologise . 选词填空 be about to, take out a loan, ought to, in return, make a bet, as a matter of fact, by accident, on the basis of, to be
12、honest, care about 1. Your statement should be made _fact. 2. If I _, it could take me years to pay it back. 3. He sent me a gift; I should give him something _. on the basis of take out a loan in return 4. We _on the outcome of the next election. 5. Its not that difficult. _, its quite easy. 6. She
13、 arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was _or by design, Im not sure. made a bet As a matter of fact by accident 7. _, I have to improve my English, because my English is not good enough. 8. If he started out at nine, he _be here by now. 9. I _go to bed when the telephone rang. 10. The
14、criticism was often voiced that the English do not truly _their children. To be honest ought to was about to care about 1. intention n. 打算; 计划; 意图; 目的 *He has announced his intention to retire. 他已经宣布他打算退休。 *I came to London with the intention of studying English literature. 我来伦敦是为了学习英国文学。 *(2019全国卷)
15、But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something special. 但当丹尼斯威廉姆斯收到一条显然不是写给他的 短信时, 他做了一件特别的事。 重点词汇解析 【语块积累】 【即学活用】(1)语法填空 If Ive hurt your feelings, it was quite without _(intend). The journey was intended _(achieve)more than what Captain Robert Falcon
16、 Scott had done. The school being built at present is said to be intended _the disabled children. intention to achieve for 同义句转换 (2)They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams. They _into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of tr
17、affic jams. intended to have gone 2. hesitate vi. 犹豫; 迟疑; 顾虑 *Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill? 为什么店主认为亨利付账犹豫不决? *(2019北京高考) If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never hesitates to buy them a meal. 如果一个学生在往返学校的长途车程中感到饿了, 威尔逊会毫不犹豫地为他们买饭。 *He p
18、romised there would be no more hesitations in pursuing reforms. 他许诺在推进改革这件事上不再迟疑不决。 【语块积累】 (1)hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 hesitate about/over/at. . . 对感到犹豫 (2)hesitation n. 犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事 【即学活用】 (1)语法填空 Whatever he does, once he sets up a goal, he
19、 will start pursuing it without _(hesitate). However, if our office can be of further assistance, please do not hesitate _(contact)us. hesitation to contact (2)Faced with this challenge, Tom faced it _ _while Jim _it. 面对这一挑战, 汤姆毫不犹豫地面对它, 而吉姆对此犹 豫不决。 without hesitation hesitated about/over/at 3. mann
20、er n. 举止; 行为方式; 方法 pl. 礼貌; 礼仪 *The work should have been done in a more satisfactory manner. 这项工作本来应该用更令人满意的方式来做。 *“Small talk is the basis of good manners, ” he says. “闲聊是礼 貌的基础, ”他说。 *The composition is in the manner of German folk songs. 这首曲子是以德国民歌的风格谱写成的。 *It is good manners to look up to the ol
21、d. 尊敬老人是有礼貌的表现。 【语块积累】 (1)in a. . . manner=in the manner of . . . 以一种的方式; 带着一种的样子 in a manner=in some way=to a certain extent 在一定程度上 in this manner=in this way 用这种方式 all manner of 各种各样的; 形形色色的(人, 东西等) 2)manners n. 礼貌; 礼仪 good/bad manners 有/没有礼貌 table manners 餐桌礼仪 【即学活用】 (1)Grandma has always been _
22、_. 我奶奶总是提醒我要注意餐桌礼仪。 (2)Im a professional and I have to conduct myself _ _. 我是专业人士, 必须以专业方式行事。 (3) _with your mouth full. 嘴里塞满了东西跟人说话是不礼貌的。 reminding me of table manners in a professional manner It is bad manners to talk 4. option n. 可选择的事物 *Chinese are enjoying greater convenience in making trips ab
23、road and more visa-free travel options. 中国公民出境旅游更加便利, 免签证旅游选择增多。 *We have no option but to leave the meeting. 除了放弃这次会议, 我们没有别的选择。 *Certain courses are compulsory, while others are optional. 某些课程是必修的, 有些是选修的。 【语块积累】 (1)have no option but to do 除了做之外别无 选择 keep/leave your options open 保留选择余地; 暂不决 定 (2)
24、optional adj. 可选择的; 随意的 【即学活用】 (1)But I also know that if you really want to achieve something, you _persist in the things you are doing. 但是我也清楚地明白, 要想有所收获, 你毫无选择, 必须坚持, 坚持, 再 坚持。 (2)Students _abroad in their second year. 学生在二年级时可以选择出国学习。 have no option but to have the option to study/of studying 5.
25、 broad adj. 宽阔的; 广阔的; 广泛的 *(2019江苏高考)Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks. 人类为其广阔的视野和灵巧的双手付出了背痛和脖子痛的代 价。 *But arts groups bring broader value to our communities. 但艺术团体为我们的社区带来了更广泛的价值。 *I spend most of my time reading in the library, where I can open
26、 my eyes and broaden my mind. 我大部分时间都在图书馆读书, 在那里我可以开阔我的视野、 拓宽我的思维。 【语块积累】 (1)broad smile 灿烂的笑容 (in) broad daylight 光天化日(之下) (2)broadly adv. 明显地; 宽广地; 广泛地 (3)broaden vt. (使)变宽 broaden ones horizons=open ones eyes 开阔某人的视野 【即学活用】 (1)(2019北京高考)She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and _. 她希望每个
27、孩子都能有一张干净的嘴和一脸灿烂的笑容。 (2)I will be a volunteer in an important event. It can _ _. 我将成为一个重要活动的志愿者, 这可以拓宽我的视野。 a broad smile broaden my horizons 7. permit vt. 准许; 使有可能 permission n. 准许; 许可; 批准; 许可证 *P: Wont you sit down, please? H: Yes, Id love to. . . with your permission. Thank you, Miss. P: 请坐好吗? H:
28、 好的, 我很乐意在你许可的情况下。谢谢你, 女士。 *(2019北京高考)With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. 在她父亲的允许下, 她花了接下来两年的时间在网上搜索并进 行试验, 找到了一份既美味又对牙齿有益的食谱。 *Visitors are not permitted to take photographs. 参观者请勿拍照。
29、 *Permit me to offer you my sincere congratulations. 谨致衷心祝贺。 【语块积累】 (1)permit sb. ( to do) sth. 允许某人(做)某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 (2)without permission 未经许可 with ones permission 如果允许的话 ask for permission 征求许可; 请求允许 give permission 准许 【名师点津】 与permit一样, 后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构(sb. to do. . . )的动词还有allow(允许)
30、, forbid(禁止), advise(建 议), encourage(鼓励)等。 【即学活用】(1)语法填空 (2019江苏高考)But Naomi would have to ask Steves _(permit). (2017全国卷) The government has already permitted the company _(use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. We dont permit _(smoke) in the building. permission to use sm
31、oking (2)句式升级 世纪金榜导学号 If time permits, I will visit the Great Wall. (用独立主 格结构改写) _, I will visit the Great Wall. Time permitting 8. in case 以防; 以防万一 *He wanted to maintain a good relationship with the ambassador in case others found out just how poor he really was. 他想和大使保持良好的关系, 以防别人发现他有多穷。 *(2019江苏
32、高考)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. 医生给了病人他的手机号码, 以防病人需要医疗援助。*In case of fire, run quickly to the nearest door. 如果发生火灾, 就赶快朝最近的门跑。 *In that case, it is both convenient and economical to buy books according to the ratings. 在那种情况下, 根据评分购买书籍既方便又
33、经济。 【语块积累】 in any case 无论如何, 不管怎样 in case of 万一, 如果发生 in no case 决不(放句首时, 主句用部分倒装) as is often the case 这是常有的事 in that/this case 既然那样/这样; 在那种/这种情况 下; 如果是那样/这样的话 【即学活用】 (1)(2019江苏高考)Unfortunately, that is _. 不幸的是, 事实并非如此。 (2)Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move
34、_. 拉里告诉她, 他已经扑灭了火并且告诉她不要移动, 以防伤到 脖子。 not the case in case she injured her neck (3)一句多译 通常情况下, 对于那些坚持希望的人来说, 一切皆有可 能。 _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (it作形式主语的主语从句) _, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (定语从句) It is often the case that As is often the case 9. It
35、seems that every banker and tailor in the city is eager to meet you. 似乎这个城市的每个银行家和裁缝都很想见 你。 【句式解构】 句中it作形式主语, 真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。类 似用法的动词和短语还有appear, happen, matter, make a difference等。 *(2019江苏高考)But it seems (that) people have different opinions. 但似乎人们有不同的观点。 *It makes no difference whether he will
36、 attend the meeting or not. 他是否参加会议没有关系。 *It does not matter if I missed my train. 我误了火车没关系。 【名师点津】 It seemed that sb. . . . =sb. seemed to do/have done It seemed that we got lost, unable to go back to the mountain road. =We seemed to get lost, unable to go back to the mountain road. 我们似乎迷路了, 无法回到山路上。 【即学活用】 (1)语法填空 _seems this gentleman was waiting for the doctor. The boss seems _(think) highly of you. (2) _the teacher was satisfied with what you had done. 老师好像对你做的事情很满意。 (3) _I saw him yesterday. 碰巧我昨天看到他了。 It to think It seemed that It happened that
