1、课时作业十五课时作业十五 Using Language .单词拼写 1. Children require proper _ (营养) to grow and develop. 2. His whole life is a fight against _ (贫穷) and unemployment. 3. _ (有机的) farming is expanding everywhere. 4. The plan received _ (广泛的) support throughout the country. 5. You should _ (领悟) the important points in
2、 the book. 6. It is e_ that we tackle this difficult problem. 7. I had no _ (选择) but to report him to the police. 8. The oil well extended several hundreds of feet in d_ 9. We are all e_ responsible for our actions, and for our reactions. 10. The book aims to cover all a_of city life. 答案 1. nutritio
3、n 2. poverty 3. Organic 4. widespread 5. digest 6. essential 7. alternative 8. depth 9. entirely 10. aspects .完成句子 1. 一方面，这不仅有助于我们强身健体，而且反过来有助于更高效地 学习。(in turn) For one thing, it not only helps to build up our physical health, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. 2. 他们需要注意行为是否恰当比如说，穿着得体。(for instance) They will be co
4、ncerned to do the right thingto _ _， _ _. 3. 你需要钱和时间，此外还需要勤奋。(in addition) You need money and time. _ _， _ _ _. 4. 抽烟过多或饮酒过度有损健康。(cause damage to) Excessive smoking or drinking will _ _ _ _ _. 5. 随时打开水龙头都有过滤水，用起来很方便。(现在分词作状语) Filtered water is always on tap, _ _ _ _ to use. 6. 他的目标是毕业后建立自己的公司。(set u
5、p) As for his goal, he will _ _ _ _ when he graduates from his university. 答案 1. but also helps us learn more efficiently in turn 2. dress properly for instance 3. In addition you need diligence 4. cause damage to your health 5. making it very convenient 6. set up his company .课文语法填空 Chemical pestic
6、ides and artificial fertilisers _1_ (be) in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. Over time, however, _2_ some scientists have found is that their longterm use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples health. Pesticides can cause damage to people and environment. It kil
7、ls not only _3_ (harm) bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them _4_ (usual) grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, _5_ is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farme
8、rs focus _6_ keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. Organic farmers also use many other methods _7_ (produce) rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. The goal of using different organic farming _8_ (approach) is to grow good food whil
9、e avoiding damage to the environment or to _9_ (people) health. Chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table wh
10、ile _10_ (keep) people and the environment as healthy as possible. 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ 答案 1. have been 2. what 3. harmful 4. usually 5. which 6. on 7. to produce 8. approaches 9. peoples 10. keeping .阅读理解 In a longsleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothi
11、ng like the traditional African farmer. The 30yearold owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes. “You need more role models， ” he said, standing among knee high rows of chilli (辣椒) plants. “If you have young farmers, they have land and they drive to the farm, others may think, Why_can
12、t_I_do_that？” Mr Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friends tomato farm six years ago for $150. He made $1，500 back in two months. “You have to link farming with entrepreneurship and real numbers， ” he said. Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work har
13、d and for a long time in fieldsa job made tougher by climate change. But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agricultures image on the continent more attractive. Some 1, 000 farmers now produce chillies for him. He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and expor
14、ts fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India and Kenya. Africa has the worlds youngest population and 65 percent uncultivated arable land (耕地后备资源). Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the internati
15、onal average. “Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer， ” said Tamara Kaunda. She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe. “Show young people with tractors, green fields, nice
16、 irrigation systems and smartphones， ” she said. Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm. For example, in coffee production, the beans go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks (外壳) 1. What does “Why cant I do that？” i
17、n Paragraph 2 mean? A. Why cant I drive to the farm? B. Why cant they farm? C. They follow the example of those farmers. D. They bought a friends tomato farm. 2. What makes it harder for farmers to work? A. Poor land. B. Climate. C. Low income. D. Long working hours. 3. What can we learn about Twahi
18、rwa according to Paragraph 5? A. He made a fortune by growing chillies. B. His chillies have changed Africas image. C. Farmers working for him live a simple life. D. The locals arent willing to buy his chillies. 4. When it comes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it? A. Loans are d
19、ifficult. B. Most land is uncultivated. C. Crop yields are rather low. D. Farming methods are out of date. 答案与解析 【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了 Twahirwa 正用自 己的智慧和行动改变着非洲大陆的农业。 1. 答案 C 解析 词义猜测题。结合第二段句意，尤其是 role models 可推测画线 部分的意思是“效仿那些农民”。They follow the example of those farmers. (他们效仿那些农民)符合以上猜测，故选 C 项。 2. 答案
20、 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in fieldsa job made tougher by climate change.”可知，许多非洲年轻人 正在放弃农村地区，选择不在田里长时间的努力工作这一工作因 气候变化而变得更加艰难。由此可知，农民在田里的工作因气候变化 变得更艰难。故选 B 项。 3. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Twahirwa 是越来越多成功农民
21、 中的一个，他们努力使非洲大陆的农业形象更具吸引力。他正在开办 自己的第四个农场，向美国、英国、印度和肯尼亚出口新鲜的干辣椒 和辣椒油。 由此可知， Twahirwa 通过卖辣椒挣了一大笔钱。 故选 A 项。 4. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“She believes African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe.”可知，她认为，非洲农业需要改变， 以摆脱其非常辛苦和累人的工作与锄头的过时形象。由此可
22、知，当谈 到非洲农业时，人们都会觉得他们耕作方式是过时的。故选 D 项。 (2020 菏泽一中高一下期中) The outbreak of locusts, an insect that mainly lives in Africa and Asia, is the worst experienced by Kenya in 70 years. The crowds are some three times the size of New York City, eating their way through thousands of acres of crops and animal gra
23、ssland and destroying livelihoods in the process. “These hungry things are alarming， ” says Keith Cressman, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization s senior locust forecasting officer. “A crowd the size of Manhattan can, in a single day, eat the same amount of food as everyone in New York and Calif
24、ornia combined.” Desert locusts are infamous for their ability to breed (繁育) rapidly in large numbers every three months. And with some help from the wind, they can travel as much as 80 miles a day. Most years, the insects stay in African deserts. However, under the right environmental conditions, t
25、hey can multiply quickly, spread as much as 400 times every six months and cause extensive destruction if left unchecked. “The insect has the ability to take advantage of good conditions.” Cressman says. The “good conditions” the scientist is referring to began in mid 2018 when a rainstorm from the
26、Indian Ocean struck a remote area of the Arabian Peninsula known as the “Empty Quarter”. Normally, it would dry out within a short period, killing most of the locust population, which depends on green plants for food. However, in late 2018, a second rainstorm struck the same region. The huge sandy a
27、rea got wet, which is exactly what desert locusts need to lay their eggs and breed. The extra food supply caused the population to explode for the second time in six months. Luckily, the locusts, experts say, are easy to control with chemicals. Kenya badly needs equipment and a steady supply of chem
28、icals to effectively wipe out the massive insects. Hopefully, leaders worldwide will recognize the tough situation and contribute generously to control the locust outbreak. 5. What can we infer from what Cressman says in Paragraph 2? A. Little can dull locusts appetite. B. Urgent action must be take
29、n against locusts. C. Overpopulation in big cities leads to food shortages. D. New York and California should meet challenges together. 6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Locusts living conditions. B. Locusts destructive effect. C. Locusts daily travel distance. D. Locusts super reproductive po
30、wer. 7. For what purpose does the author mention “good conditions”？ A. To explain immediate causes of the locust outbreak. B. To remind locals to preserve the environment. C. To analyze how to prevent locust outbreak. D. To highlight the strength of two rainstorms. 答案与解析 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蝗虫的危害、蝗
31、 虫超强繁殖能力， 解释了蝗虫爆发的直接原因， 以及控制蝗虫的办法。 5. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。 根据第二段“These hungry things are alarming， says Keith Cressman, the UN Food and Agriculture Organizations senior locust forecasting officer. A crowd the size of Manhattan can, in a single day, eat the same amount of food as everyone in New York and C
32、alifornia combined. ”可知本段在介绍蝗虫的危害性之大，由此可推知，必须 采取紧急行动对付蝗虫。故选 B 项。 6. 答案 D 解析 段落大意题。根据第三段第一句可知沙漠蝗虫因其每三个月就 能大量繁殖的能力而臭名昭著，后面介绍了蝗虫的超强繁殖能力，故 本段主要介绍蝗虫的超强的繁殖能力。故选 D 项。 7. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知这位科学家所说的“良好条 件”始于 2018 年中期， 当时一场来自印度洋的暴雨袭击了阿拉伯半岛 的一个被称为“空区”的偏远地区。通常情况下，它会在短时间内干 涸，饿死大部分依靠绿色植物为食的蝗虫。然而，在 2018 年底，同一
33、 地区遭遇了第二次暴雨。大片的沙地变得湿润了，而这正是沙漠蝗虫 产卵和繁殖所需要的。额外的食物供应导致蝗虫数量在六个月内第二 次激增。由此可推知，作者提到“良好条件”的目的是解释蝗虫爆发 的直接原因。故选 A 项。 .书面表达 (2020 滨州一中高一下学期末) 假定你是李华。你的美国朋友 Tom 来信说，他将在暑假期间来中 国学习中国画，希望能在本市参加一个短期课程。因此你帮他联系了 一所艺术学校，请给他回信，告知以下内容： 1. 学习内容：中国水墨山水画(Chinese ink landscape painting)； 2. 课程时间：六周； 3. 收费及食宿安排。 注意： 1. 词数 8
34、0 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 短文中不得出现学校或地区名称。 _ _ _ _ _ _ 参考范文 Dear Tom， How is everything going? Im delighted to know youre coming to China to learn Chinese paintings, hoping to take a short course in my city. An art school, which is located in the center of the city, is the best choice for you. As
35、Ive learned, youll finish studying Chinese ink landscape painting in six weeks. Whats more, you can both eat and live in the school while studying here. Therefore, you needn t worry about your accommodation. In addition, the school charges a relatively modest fee. If you have any other questions, please write to me as soon as possible. Yours， Li Hua
