1、课时作业十四课时作业十四 Discover useful structures .单句语法填空 1. We are thinking of having an _ (extend) built, as we now require an extra bedroom. 2. _ (chemistry) products were used widely over agricultural land. 3. With time _ (go) by, I gradually understand my fathers words. 4. In doing our work, we must pay
2、attention _ ways and means. 5. After a month, he gradually adapted to _ (stay) up late to study. 6. The reason _ I was late was that my car broke down on the way. 7. He came to complain _ the volume of the music. 8. Now that Ive made enough money, Im going to retire _ the firm. 9. They made up their
3、 minds _ (work) together to overcome the problem. 10. They decided to give up _ (use) chemical fertiliser and pesticide. 答案 1. extension 2. Chemical 3. going 4. to 5. staying 6. why 7. about 8. from 9. to work 10. using .用合适的连接词填空 1. _ she has become an artist may have been due to her fathers influe
4、nce. 2. _ the college will take in more new students this year is true. 3. _ he can finish his task on time is of great importance. 4. _ will go to the energy conference is not important. 5. _ they will solve the serious problem has not been decided. 6. It depends on the weather _ they are going sho
5、pping today. 7. It is a pity _ she has made such a serious mistake. 8. _ did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 9. I think _ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 10. _ they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 答案 1. That 2. That 3. Whether 4. Who 5.
6、 How 6. whether 7. that 8. Whoever 9. what 10. Why .完成句子(用主语从句) 1. 我姐姐考入了北京大学让父母很满意。 _ _ _ _ _ _ Peking University made my parents satisfied. 2. 他是否会同意帮助我们还是未知数。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is not known. 3. 世界将发生什么事情是难以预测的。 _ _ _ _ the world is difficult to predict. 4. 英语晚会将在哪里举行还没有宣布。 _ _ _ _ will be held has no
7、t yet been announced. 5. 他为什么放弃了出国学习的机会还不清楚。 _ _ _ _ the chance of studying abroad is unknown. 6. 无论谁有兴趣制作小发明都可以加入进来。 _ _ _ _ making small inventions can join in it. 7. 他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。 _ _ _ _ _ _ the meeting is not clear. 8. 你有必要掌握英语。 It is necessary that _ _ _ 答案 1. That my sister was admitted to
8、2. Whether he will agree to help us 3. What will happen to 4. Where the English evening 5. Why he gave up 6. Whoever is interested in 7. When and where they will hold 8. you master English .完形填空 (2020 山东肥城高一期中) We did homework in the kitchen while my mom cooked sour salad. Usually, I complained abou
9、t my classmates treating me _1_. “She didn t even save me a seat.” or “He _2_ my pencil.” One afternoon during my emotionrelease time, my mom turned to me and said _3_， “If everyone around you is being a stupid person, then it is you who is behaving like the most stupid one of all.” I was _4_ and ar
10、gued that it was the faults of other kids. I felt so _5_ that I didnt think I could ever forgive my mother. But a week later, after a _6_ day when my classmates refused to play with me, I decided to see if Mom was right in action. It was a(n) _7_ with my own behavior. That Monday at school, I no lon
11、ger _8_ everyone there to change their behavior to appeal to me. _9_， I tried to change myself. Properly managing my emotions _10_ everything. I no longer felt like I was a victim (受害者), but a victor. I _11_ my classmates shortcomings and those of my own. Tolerance(宽容) in our own _12_ helps us recog
12、nize and _13_ the imperfections in others. Now I _14_ my moms words in this way, “If everyone around you is _15_， chances are that you are the kindest of all.” 1. A. kindly B. commonly C. unfairly D. impatiently 2. A. borrowed B. liked C. returned D. broke 3. A. quickly B. seriously C. secretly D. h
13、appily 4. A. satisfied B. ashamed C. shocked D. tired 5. A. angry B. afraid C. nervous D. shy 6. A. hot B. busy C. noisy D. rough 7. A. experiment B. experience C. game D. battle 8. A. forced B. advised C. allowed D. expected 9. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Though D. However 10. A. witnessed B. challe
14、nged C. destroyed D. changed 11. A. forgave B. welcomed C. scolded D. advised 12. A. selfishness B. impoliteness C. weakness D. optimism 13. A. find B. learn C. accept D. correct 14. A. doubt B. understand C. recall D. oppose 15. A. friendly B. lucky C. brave D. confident 答案与解析 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲
15、了作者曾经总 是抱怨周围的同学，妈妈的一句话使作者发生了改变。作者通过改变 自己的态度和情绪，与同学的关系也发生了改变。 1. 答案 C 解析 根据“She didnt even save me a seat. or He _2_my pencil. ”可知， “我”抱怨同学不公平地对待(unfairly)“我”。 kindly“好心地”；commonly“通常”；impatiently“不耐烦地”。 2. 答案 D 解析 “我”在抱怨同学不公平地对待“我”， 所以这里意思是他弄 坏了(broke)“我”的铅笔。borrow“借”；like“喜欢”；return“返 回”。 3. 答案 B 解
16、析 根据“If everyone around you is being a stupid person, then it is you who is behaving like the most stupid one of all.”可知， “我”的妈 妈是在严肃认真地(seriously)对“我”说话。quickly“迅速地；很快 地”；secretly“秘密地”；happily“高兴地”。 4. 答案 C 解析 上文母亲说“我”是表现最愚蠢的那个， 下文“我”和母亲据 理力争说是其他孩子的错误， 故可知“我”对母亲说的话感到很震惊。 satisfied“满意的” ；ashamed“羞耻的
17、”；tired“累的”。 5. 答案 A 解析 根据“that I didnt think I could ever forgive my mother”可知， “我”感到非常生气(angry)。 afraid“害怕的”； nervous“紧张的”； shy“害羞的”。 6. 答案 D 解析 根据“when my classmates refused to play with me”可知，那一天 “我”过得很艰难(rough)。hot“热的”；busy“忙的”；noisy“嘈 杂的”。 7. 答案 A 解析 根据上文“I decided to see if Mom was right in a
18、ction”可知， “我” 在进行实验(experiment)。experience“经验”；game“游戏” ； battle“战斗”。 8. 答案 D 解析 根据“I tried to change myself.”可知， “我”不再期望(expected) 每个人都改变他们的行为来适应“我”。force“强迫”；advise“建 议”；allow“允许” 。 9. 答案 B 解析 上文说“我不再期望每个人都改变他们的行为来适应我” ， 下 文说“我试图改变自己” ，所以这里表示“相反，取而代之(instead)” 之意。therefore“因此”；though“尽管如此”；however
19、“然而”。 10. 答案 D 解析 根据下文“I no longer felt like I was a victim, but a victor”可知， 正确地控制自己的情绪改变了(changed)一切。witness“见证”； challenge“挑战” ；destroy“摧毁”。 11. 答案 A 解析 根据上文我做出的改变以及下文“Tolerance in our own_12_ helps us recognize and _13_ the imperfections in others.”可知， “我” 原谅了(forgave)“我”的同学们的缺点和自己的缺点。welcome“欢
20、迎”；scold“责骂” ；advise“建议”。 12. 答案 C 解析 句意：宽容自己的弱点(weakness)可以帮助我们认识和接受别 人 的 缺 点 。 selfishness“ 自 私 ” ； impoliteness“ 不 礼 貌 ” ； optimism“乐观主义”。根据上文“I _11_ my classmates shortcomings and those of my own.”可知，此处为宽容自己的弱点有 助于我们认识和接受别人的缺点。 13. 答案 C 解析 上文说“我”原谅了“我”的同学们的缺点， 也就是说“我” 接受了(accept)别人的不完美。find“查找”；
21、learn“学习”； correct“纠正”。 14. 答案 B 解析 根据“If everyone around you is_15_， chances are that you are the kindest of all.”可知，这是“我”对妈妈说的话的理解 (understand)和诠释。 doubt“怀疑”； recall“回忆”； oppose“反对”。 15. 答案 A 解析 根据上文中妈妈说的话以及“chances are that you are the kindest of all”可知，此处应为如果你身边的每个人都很友好(friendly)，那么 你很可能是最善良的人。l
22、ucky“幸运的”；brave“勇敢的”； confident“自信的”。 .阅读理解 (2020 浙江高二期中) Can small, organic agriculture really feed the world? Wont we need science to produce enough food as the world population is growing to 9 billion by 2050? The answer to both questions is YESbut that science may look different than you think.
23、We have been told that the only way we will be able to feed the growing population is through the science of GM (转基因) crops and chemicals. But the latest scientific studies are saying just the opposite. In study after study, the message about agriculture is: To feed the world, we need to support sus
24、tainable (可持续的) agriculture on different, local, family farms that work with nature. In 2008, an international study found that sustainable agriculture, not GM crops, shows more hope of ending hunger. The International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science, and Technology for Development (kn
25、own as the IAASTD), calls for a change of the worlds food and farming systems. The Assessment said that industrial agriculture has greatly destroyed the worlds soils and other natural resources, and now is doing harm to water, energy, and weather safety. The report warns that expensive, short term w
26、aysincluding GM cropsare not likely to cut down long term hunger, and could even make environmental and social problems worse in many places. A recent report by the UN Environment Program shows that food problems will become more serious because of environmental problems and strongly supports sustai
27、nable agriculture on small family farms. It also shows that a worldwide change to organics could actually increase the worlds food production by as much as 50%enough to feed a population of 9 billion people with the land we have now. GM crops, once popular, are now being questioned worldwide. 1. How
28、 can we feed the growing population of the world according to the passage? A. In expensive, shortterm ways. B. By encouraging industrial agriculture. C. By developing small, organic agriculture. D. Through the science of GM crops and chemicals. 2. We can learn from the passage that there will be no
29、food problems if _ A. the world supports sustainable agriculture B. we increase a lot of farm land C. the environmental problems are solved D. all the small family farms are used 3. Which of the following best describe sustainable agriculture? A. The science of GM crops. B. Working on small family f
30、arms. C. A fast way to increase the worlds food production. D. An approach to agriculture without harming the environment. 4. What might be talked about if there is one more paragraph? A. The causes of food problems. B. The disadvantages of GM crops. C. The development of industrial agriculture. D.
31、The disadvantages of sustainable agriculture. 答案与解析 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。如果世界各国支持可持续 农业的发展，就不会有食物问题。 1. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段及最后一段倒数第二句“It also shows that a worldwide change to organics could actually increase the worlds food production by as much as 50%enough to feed a population of 9 billion people wit
32、h the land we have now.”可知， 研究表 明， 全球范围内改变为有机农业的做法实际上可以使世界粮食产量增 加多达 50%，即利用我们现在拥有的土地就足以供养 90 亿的人口。 由此可知，通过发展小型有机农业可以养活世界上不断增长的人口。 故选 C 项。 2. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In study after study, the message about agriculture is: To feed the world, we need to support sustainable agriculture on different, local,
33、 family farms that work with nature.”和第 三段的“In 2008, an international study found that sustainable agriculture, not GM crops, shows more hope of ending hunger.”可知，为了养活人 们，各国需要支持本地家庭农场发展可持续农业。2008 年，一项国 际研究发现，可持续发展农业而非转基因作物，显示出消除饥饿的更 大希望。由此判断出，如果世界各国支持可持续农业的发展，就不会 有食物问题。故选 A 项。 3. 答案 D 解析 推理判断题。根据文章倒
34、数第二段最后一句“The report warns that expensive, shortterm waysincluding GM cropsare not likely to cut down longterm hunger, and could even make environmental and social problems worse in many places.”可知，昂贵的短期方法，例如 转基因作物，不能解决长期的饥饿问题，并且可能让环境问题和社会 问题更加严重。此处写昂贵的短期方法的危害，意在与可持续农业作 对比，说明其优点，分析可知可持续性农业是一种长期的，不伤害环
35、 境的农业模式。故选 D 项。 4. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“GM crops, once popular, are now being questioned worldwide.”可知，曾经受人欢迎的 转基因作物现在正受到全世界的质疑。 由此判断出文章接下来最有可 能说的是转基因作物的缺点。故选 B 项。 .语法填空 (2020 浙江) Some time after 10，000 BCE, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived _1_， through agricu
36、lture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _2_ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. Farming produced more food per person _3_ hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children
37、were born, more food _4_ (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology _5_ (change) lives. By about 6000 BCE, people _6_ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the _7_ (season), planting at the right time and, in d
38、ry areas, _8_ (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with _9_ rise of science, changes began. New methods _10_ (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New powe
39、r machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age. 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _ 答案与解析 【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了农业的发展。 1. 答案 in 解析 考查介词。they lived in 是定语从句修饰 the world。定语从句 中省略了指代 the world 的关系代词 that/which, live 是不及物动词， 表
40、示“生活在这个世界上”，用 live in the world。 2. 答案 what 解析 考查名词性从句。 what could be hunted or gathered from the wild 是 what 引导的宾语从句，作 depend on 的宾语。what 是连接代词， 表示“东西”，在宾语从句中作主语。 3. 答案 than 解析 考查比较级。 此处指农业生产的人均粮食比狩猎和采集的要多。 4. 答案 was needed 解析 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语从句“as more children were born”可知此处用一般过去时，主语 more food 和 ne
41、ed 之间是被动关 系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 5. 答案 to change 解析 考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式作定语修饰 power。句意： 农业让人们第一次体会到改变生活的科技的力量。 6. 答案 had discovered 解析 考查时态。根据全文的时态以及“By about 6000 BC”可知，此 处用过去完成时。 7. 答案 seasons 解析 考查名词复数。此处指人们知道了随着季节的变化进行工作。 一年有多个季节，所以用 season 的复数。 8. 答案 making 解析 考查非谓语动词。 此处 making 和前面的 planting 是并列关系， 作方式状语。 9. 答案 the 解析 考查冠词。此处定冠词特指科学的振兴。 10. 答案 meant 解析 考查时态。 根据 that 引导的宾语从句中的时态可知此处用一般 过去时。
