1、1call vt.& vi.喊；命名；召唤；认为recall vt.& vi.记起；回想起 2qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格qualification n(通过考试或学 习课程取得的)资格；学历 3ambition n追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负ambitious adj.有野心的； 有雄心的 4adapt v(使)适应；改编adaptation n适应；改编本adaptable adj.可 适应的，有适应能力的 5comfort n安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰 comfortable adj.舒服的comfortably adv.舒服
2、地；自在地uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的；不安的；不自在的uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；不自在地 6participate vi.参加；参与participation n参与；参加 7present vt.提出；赠送；呈现 n礼物；现在 adj.出席的；现在的；存在 的presentation n报告；陈述；出示；拿出 1qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格 I wont qualify until next year. vi.具备资格 This certificate qualifies the products. vt.(使)合格 Hi
3、s past experience qualified him to handle such a delicate matter. vt.(使)具备资格 2comfort n安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚 慰 He has enough money so that he can live in comfort. n.舒服；安逸 She is enjoying the comforts of life. n.令人感到安慰的人或事物 I often take comfort from reading. n.安慰 The old lady often comforts th
4、ose who are in trouble. vt.安慰；抚慰 3involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加 The demonstration (游行示威)involved 200 students. vt.涉及 The reforms will inevitably involve a lot of new paperwork for teachers. vt.需要 What kind of organizations will be involved in setting up these projects? vt.使参加 Words And Phrases 知识要点1
5、adaptation n适应；改编本 (教材 P14) Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation， Xie Lei chose to live with a host family，who can help with her adaptation to the new culture. 虽然有些外国学生住在学校宿舍，但谢蕾选择了寄宿家庭，他们可以帮助她 适应新的文化。 例 1 This play by George Bernard Shaw is an adaptation of a classic Greek st
6、ory. 萧伯纳的这个剧本是根据一个古希腊传说改编的。 例 2 The adaptation of the play for radio manuscript was easy. 把剧本改编成广播稿很容易。 翻译 对一些孩子来说，适应新学校的过程很难。 The process of adaptation to a new school is difficult for some children. 知识拓展 (1)make an adaptation to. 适应 (2)adapt vi.& vt. (使)适应；(使)适合 vt. 改编；修改 adapt to. 适应 adapt onesel
7、f to. 使某人自己适应 adapt sth. for/into. 把改编成 adapt sth. from. 由改编 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 My Fair Lady is adapted from a Greek story Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw. The little boy made an adaptation (adapt) to his new school finally. Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate. It is necessary
8、 for us to adapt (ourselves) to the climate here as soon as possible. 我们有必要尽快适应这里的气候。 知识要点2 comfort n安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt. 安慰；抚慰 (教材 P14) “When I miss home，I feel comforted to have a second family， ” Xie Lei said. “当我想家的时候，我为有第二个家而感到安慰， ”谢蕾说。 例 1 She comforted herself that her husband would be ho
9、me soon. 她安慰自己说她的丈夫很快就会回来。 例 2 You are a great comfort to your parents. 你是父母最大的安慰。 翻译 跟你在一起真令人感到安慰。 Its a comfort to be with you 知识拓展 (1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰 Its a comfort to do sth. 做是令人安慰的事 (2)comfort sb.give comfort to sb. 安慰某人 (3)comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的 (4)comfortabl
10、y adv. 舒适地 (5)uncomfortable adj. 不舒适的 即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译 Its a comfort to me to know (know) that she is safe. A cup of hot milk on a cold night is a real comfort. He had to save enough money so that he could live comfortablyHe had to save enough money so that he could live in comfort 他得存足够的钱，以便能过上舒适的生
11、活。 My mom always comforts me when I am sick. My mom always gives comfort to me when I am sick. 在我生病时，妈妈总是给我以安慰。 名师点津 comfort 作“舒适；安慰”讲时，为不可数名词，但作“令人安慰的人或事 物”讲时， 则是可数名词， 前面常出现不定冠词 a。 类似的还有： success， failure， surprise，joy 等；但 fun 例外，虽然也可指具体的人或事，但它是不可数名词。 知识要点3 participation n参加；参与 (教材 P15) Xie Lei als
12、o found many courses included students participation in class as part of the final result. 谢蕾还发现，很多课程都把学生的课堂参与作为最终成绩的一部分。 例 1 We were very pleased with the high level of participation in the charity events. 我们为大家积极参与慈善活动感到非常高兴。 例 2 Participation is encouraged at all levels. 鼓励各级人士都来参与。 翻译 这个方案旨在鼓励大众
13、更多地参与体育活动。 The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities 知识拓展 (1)participation in 参加；参与 (2)participate vi. 参加；参与 participate in (doing) sth. with sb. 与某人一起参加/参与做某事 participate with sb. in sth. 与某人分担某事 (3)participant n. 参加者；参与者 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 As far as I know，he has be
14、en an active participant (participate) in the discussion. Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively in these discussions. She participated with her friend in his sufferings. 她分担朋友的痛苦。 名师点津 participate 是不及物动词， 常与 in 构成搭配， 同义短语是 join in， take part in。 知识要点4 presentation n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出
15、(教材 P15) Students need to generate ideas，offer examples，apply concepts， and raise questions，as well as give presentations. 学生需要有自己的想法，提供例子，应用概念，提出问题，以及发表演讲。 例 1 On presentation of the relevant identity documents you may collect your property. 你只要出示有关的身份证件就可以领取你的财产。 例 2 The Queen will make the presen
16、tation herself. 女王将亲手赠送礼品。 翻译 如果你感兴趣，一定要想尽一切办法进行当面陈述。 If you get some interest， make every possible attempt to make the presentation in person. 知识拓展 give a presentation of 对作陈述 make a presentation to 为颁发奖品 即学即练 完成句子 The candidates have to give a short presentation on a subject of their choice. 候选人必须
17、就自己选择的话题进行简短的论述。 The president made a presentation to the businesswoman of the year. 总统为本年度最成功的女实业家颁发了奖品。 知识要点5 speak up 大声点说；明确表态 (教材 P15) At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say， but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. 刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么。
18、可没过几周，使她惊奇的是，她发现自己居 然能在课堂上大胆发言了。 例 1 Please speak up so that the people at the back of the room can hear you. 请大点声讲，让屋子后面的人也能听见你的声音。 例 2 Its about time someone spoke up for these basic truths. 该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了。 翻译 现在该为蒙受不公正对待的人们大声疾呼了。 Its time to speak up for those who are suffering injustice 知识拓
19、展 speak for 代表讲话；为辩护 speak ones mind 说出心里话 speak well/ill of 表扬/批评 speak of 谈起；提到 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 What have you to speak for yourself? They spoke of the old days on the campus. We should not speak ill of others behind their backs. 我们不应该在背后说别人的坏话。 知识要点6 feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束 (教材 P15) Now halfway thr
20、ough her exchange year，Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. 现在一年的交流时间已经过半，谢蕾感到她在英国的学习和生活自如多了。 例 1 Will you ever feel at home here? 在这里你会有无拘无束的感觉吗？ 例 2 Make the new students feel at home in your school. 让新生们在你们的学校里感到舒适自在。 翻译 服务员们非常友好，使我们感到像在家里一样。 Waitresses are very friendly，which makes us feel
21、 at home 知识拓展 be at home 觉得安适；无拘束 feel/be at home with sb. 和某人合得来 be home free 稳操胜券，遥遥领先 see sb. home 送某人回家 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 We felt at home with her and were impressed with the depth of her knowledge. She always feels at home in her friends house. John was home free in the presidential election. 约翰
22、在总统竞选中遥遥领先。 知识要点7 engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣) (教材 P15) “Engaging in British culture has helped， ” she said. “融入英国文化很有帮助， ”她说。 例 1 His good nature engages everyone. 他善良的性情吸引每个人。 例 2 She tried to engage him in conversation. 她试图让他参与对话。 翻译 他们从未学过吸引他人注意的技巧。 They never learned skills to engage the a
23、ttention of others 知识拓展 engage in (使)从事；参与 engage oneself in 正做着，正忙着 be engaged by 为所吸引 be engaged in 从事；正做着；正忙着 be engaged to 同订婚 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 I have no time to engage in the debate. The old lady engaged herself (she) in making clothes for her children. He was engaged (engage) to my sister. My
24、family has been engaged in farming for generations. 我家几代都从事农业。 知识要点8 involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加 (教材 P15) As well as studying hard，Ive been involved in social activities. 除了努力学习，我还参加了一些社会活动。 例 1 I didnt mean to involve you in all this. 我没打算让你牵涉到这一切当中。 例 2 What kind of organizations will be involved
25、 in setting up these projects? 什么组织会参与建立这些项目呢？ 翻译 你的工作包括些什么？ What does your job involve? 知识拓展 get/be involved in 参与；卷入；与有关联 involve sb. in sth. 让某人经历，让某人做(尤指令人不快的 事) 即学即练 完成句子 The vast masses there got/were involved in the health campaign. 那里的广大群众都参加了卫生运动。 Dont involve me in your crime；I had nothing
26、 to do with it! 别把我扯进你的罪案中，我可与它毫无干系。 Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 It was the first time that.这是第一次做 (教材 P14) It was the first time that she had left China. 这是她第一次离开中国。 句式分析：句中 It was the first time that.表示“这是第一次做某事”。that 从句常用过去完成时。 例 1 It was the first time that she had sung in public.那是她首次公开演唱。 例 2 It w
27、as the last time that I had seen him. 那是我最后一次看见他。 翻译 这是我第一次看到一部如此感人的电影。 It was the first time that I had seen such a moving movie. 知识拓展 句型结构 从句时态 意义 It was the first (second.) time that. 过去完成时 这是某人第次做某 事 It is the first (second.) time that. 现在完成时 即学即练 完成句子 It was the first time that he had got such
28、a good chance 这是他第一次得到了这样的一个好机会。 It is the second time that they have visited this city 这是他们第二次参观这座城市。 名师点津 在此句型中的 it 可用 this 或 that 来代替。 重点句式2 the first time (that).第一次时 (教材 P14) The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said
29、if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! 她第一次写论文时，导师跟她解释说，如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明， 不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的！ 句式分析：名词性短语 the first time (that)在此作连词，引导时间状语从句， 表示“第一次时”。 例 1 The first time I saw her，she wore a red skirt.我第一次见到她时，她 穿着一条红裙子。 例 2 I felt bad the first time I talked t
30、o a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟。 翻译 我第一次来到这里就睡了数月以来的一个好觉。 The first time I came here，I had the best nights sleep for months. 知识拓展 (1)the first time 用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次时”，而 for the first time 是介词短语，意为“第一次”，在句子中作状语。 (2)引导时间状语从句的短语或词还有 every time，each time，the last time， the moment，the minute，immediately，
31、directly 等，起从属连词的作用。 即学即练 完成句子 Ill never forget meeting you for the first time 我从不会忘记第一次见你的情景。 Every/Each time I was in trouble，he would come to help me out. 每一次我遇到麻烦，他都会来帮我摆脱困境。 The boy burst into tears the moment/immediately he saw his mother 这个男孩一看到妈妈，就立刻哭了起来。 1When I got lost，I had to ask passer
32、sby for help，but people here speak fast and use words Im not familiar with. 分析 句中 but 连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中 when I got lost 为 when 引导的时间状语从句，Im not familiar with 为省略关系代词 that 的定语 从句，修饰先行词 words。 译文 当我迷路的时候，我不得不向路人求助，但是这里的人说得很快， 而且使用我不熟悉的单词。 2 Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation
33、， Xie Lei chose to live with a host family，who can help with her adaptation to the new culture. 分析 句中 Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation 为 although 引导的让步状语从句，who can help with her adaptation to the new culture 为关系代词 who 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 family。 译文 虽然有些外国学生住在学校宿舍，但谢蕾选择了寄宿家庭，
34、他们 可以帮助她适应新的文化。 教材 高考 1.“I was very excited but also quite nervous.I didnt know what to expect， ” Xie Lei recalled. (2019 全国卷)Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read， Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. 2.“My presentation on traditional Chinese art was
35、a great success ， which boosted my confidence， ” she said. (2019 天津卷)A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. 3.“Engaging in British culture has helped， ” she said. (2019 全国卷)Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，
36、are “most likely to engage in dangerous and risky behavior.” 4.As well as studying hard，Ive been involved in social activities. (2019 北京卷)No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day. .单句语法填空 1I had some difficulty at first recalling (recall) why w
37、e were there. 2There will soon be a shortfall in supply of qualified (qualify) young people. 3Ill talk to them，but I wont feel comfortable (comfort) about it. 4We currently have six tutors (tutor) available to help students with their homework. 5Bakker cited (cite) two main arguments to support his
38、theory at that time. 6They invited the world to participate in an international exposition. 7Polish your presentations (presentation) and deliver them enthusiastically to the right market. 8Believe that engaging (engage) in violence against the state is not immoral. 9He had been in two minds as whet
39、her to involve (involve) himself in that business. 10The book described the adaptation (adapt) of desert species to the hot conditions. .短语填空 participate in；speak up；feel at home；engage in；get involved in；adapt to； in comfort；speak of 1If you thought that wasnt fair，why didnt you speak up? 2Many mor
40、e firms are participating in the growth of demand on the world markets. 3He engaged in a serious study of the problem yesterday. 4Speaking of power，we could use yours if you still have it. 5This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows. 6I felt at home at once，because I re
41、cognized familiar faces. 7He doesnt want to get involved in this dispute. 8The world will be different，and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change. .课文语法填空 It was the first time that 19- year- old Xie Lei 1.had left (leave) China for London.She was very 2.excited (excite) but also quite n
42、ervous.Xie Lei was 3.on a year- long exchange programme.She wanted to learn about global business 4.and improve her English.Her ambition is 5.to set (set) up a business in China after graduation.At first，Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country.In order to adapt to the new culture 6.quick
43、ly (quick)，Xie Lei chose to live with a host family.Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements.Her tutor 7.advised (advise) her to read lots of information to form 8.a wise opinion of her own.Xie Lei also found many courses included students 9.participation (participate) in class as part of the final result.Now halfway through 10.her (she) exchange year，Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.
