人教版七年级下册《英语》重点短语、语法归纳、及配套练习（含答案 全册12份打包）.zip

人教版初中英语七年级下册十一单元讲义教案人教版初中英语七年级下册十一单元讲义教案 UNIT11 第一部分第一部分 【重点短语重点短语】 给奶牛挤奶 去钓鱼 骑马 喂鸡 go for a walk show sb. around quite a lot/quite a lot of+n. learn a lot about sth. grow strawberries pick strawberries pick up take sth. home in the countryside worry+that 从句 worry about /be worried about last week come out It was so much fun. have so much fun. an art museum the science museum go on a trip along the way make a model robot buy sth. for sb.= buy sb. sth. all in all its difficult (for sb.) to do sth. not at all be interested in （doing）sth. 【答案】从左至右：milk a cow; go fishing; ride a horse; feed chickens; 去散步=take a walk;带领某 人参观；相当多的；关于学到很多；种草莓；摘草莓；捡起/接某人；带回家; 在农村；担 心; 担心某人某事；上周；出来/出版/开花；如此有趣； 玩得非常开心；一个艺术博物馆； 科学博物馆；去旅行；沿途；制作一个机器人模型；为某人买某物;总之；对某人来说做某事很 困难；根本不/一点也不； 对（做）感兴趣 第二部分第二部分 【重点语法重点语法】 一、一、一般过去时一般过去时 1.定义定义 一般过去时表示过去某个时间或一段时间过去某个时间或一段时间内发生的动作或状态动作或状态；也可表示过去经常过去经常或反复反复 发生的动作动作。 e.g. I got up at 7:00 yesterday. 我昨天 7 点起床。 I visited my grandparents last week. 我上周看望了我的祖父母。 He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公交车去上班。 She went to the cinema once a month when she was at school.她上学时每个月去看一场电影。 2.时间标志词时间标志词 1)yesterday 或以其构成的短语 yesterday morning , yesterday afternoon , the day before yesterday 2)“时间段+ago” a moment ago ,two days ago 3)“last +时间名词” last night / year / week , 4)in 1999, in the past , at that time, just now 等 3.一般现在时的结构及句型变化一般现在时的结构及句型变化 结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式：结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式： (1) 谓语动词为谓语动词为 be 动词动词 时时 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其它. 否定句：主语 + was/were + not +其它（was not=wasnt were not=werent） 一般疑问句：was/were +主语+其它 e.g. I was late yesterday. They were in China last year. I was not late yesterday. They werent in China last year. Were you late yesterday？ Were they in China last year？ 肯定回答：Yes, I was. Yes, they were. 否定回答： No, I wasnt. No, they werent 缩写形式：was not=wasnt; were not= ; 【注意】she was 可以缩写吗？They were 可以缩写吗？ (2) 谓语动词为实义动词时谓语动词为实义动词时 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它. Li Ming studied English this morning. 否定句：主语+ didnt +动词原形+其它. Li Ming didnt study English this morning. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它. Did Li Ming study English this morning？ 肯定回答： Yes, he did. 否定回答： No, he didnt. 【注意注意】1.谓语动词为实义动词时，变否定句和一般疑问句都都找助动词找助动词 did 来帮忙（过去 时不分人称和单复数，都是加 did 或或 did not） 2.前面出现了助动词，后面的动词动词一律用原形原形。 （还原） 3.变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中，第一人称和第二人称要互换。 【练习练习】改写句子改写句子 1、There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：___________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________________________ 肯定回答：_________________________________________ 否定回答：_________________________________________ 2 They played football on the playground yesterday afternoon. 否定句：__________________________________________ 一般疑问句：______________________________________ 肯定回答：________________________________________ 否定回答：________________________________________ 【了解】谓语动词为谓语动词为 情态动词情态动词 时：时：(情态动词 can ，may ，have to 等等。 ） 肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它 The old man could swim 30 years ago. 否定句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它 The old man couldnt swim 30 years ago. 一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其它 Could the old man swim 30 years ago? 肯定回答：Yes, he could. 否定回答：No, he couldnt. 常用情态动词过去式如下：常用情态动词过去式如下： cancould maymight shallshould willwould 5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句：一般过去时的特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？ What did Jim do yesterday? 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它？ Who was your sister? 练习：对划线部分提问练习：对划线部分提问 1. My mother did her housework at home last night. did your mother do her housework last night? 2. They played Ping-Pong with Tom. did they play Ping-Pong with? 6、动词的过去式、动词的过去式 动词过去式构成：动词过去式构成：分为规则动词和不规则动词。 规则动词： 构成规则例词 一般情况下在动词原形末尾加-edhelp-helped talk-talked 结尾是 e 的动词加-dlive-lived arrive-arrived hope-hoped 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先 双写这个字母，再加-ed Stop-stopped Plan-planned 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”， 再加-ed. Study-studied Carry-carried Worry-worried ：不规则动词：详见课本 P141“不规则动词表” go-went take-took ride-rode feed-fed see-saw grow-grew have/has-had get-got come-came think-thought eat-ate fly-flew 【注意】一些动词的过去式跟原形一样：比如：put-put cut-cut let-let read-read 等 【课堂练习课堂练习】 一、写出下列动词的过去式一、写出下列动词的过去式 1. look 2. live 3. stop 4. carry 5. hope 6. trip 7. call 8. finish9. want 10.are 11.go 12.have 13.do 14.get e 16.say 17.see 18.put 19.eat 20.take 21.read 二、用适当形式填空。二、用适当形式填空。 1.They____(be) on the farm a moment ago. 2. There____(be) at a shop not long ago. 3.Jenny___ _(not go) to bed until 11:00 oclock last night. 4.Danny _____(read ) English five minutes ago. 5.I _____(see) Li Lei go out just now. 6.He ____(do) his homework every day. 7.When I was young, I ____ (play) games with my friends. 8.When ____you_____ (write) this book? I _____ it last year. 9.Did he____ (have) lunch at home? 10. I _____ (eat) the bread, I m full now. 【答案】were; were; didnt go; read; saw; did; played; did write wrote; have; ate 【综合练习综合练习】 一、单项选择：一、单项选择： 1. She lived there before he ____ to China A. came B. comes C. come D. coming 2. When did you ____here? A. got to B. reached C. arrived in D. reach 3. John and I to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon. (重 2017B) A. go B. went C. will go D. goes 4. -Why didnt you buy any bread? (重 2015B) -Sorry, I . A. forgot B. forget C. remember D. remembered 二、完成句子二、完成句子 1. They didnt arrive on time because they got up late. 对划线部分提问 (重 2017A) ______ ______they arrive on time? 2. The girl bought lots of clothes on the day of Double 11 last year.对划线部分提问(重 2016B) ______ ______ the girl do on the day of Double 11 last year? 3. Lin Li cooked for her parents on Sundays. 对划线部分提问 Lin Li for her parents? 【答案】ADBA; Why did; What did; When did cook 二、重点句型短语 1. Did you learn anything? “你学到了什么东西？” anything “一些，某些”,常用于否定句及疑问句。 e.g. Is there anything to eat in your house? There isnt anything in my bag. 注意注意 1)anything 后面有形容词修饰时，形容词只能放后面：后面有形容词修饰时，形容词只能放后面：anything interesting 2)anything 也可用于肯定句，常译为“任何事物，任何东西” 【拓展】-复合不定代词 (1)分类-完成表格 someanynoevery thing one (2)考点及用法 由由 some，any，no，every 构成的构成的复合不定代词复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形第三人称单数形 式式。 Everyone in China likes the Spring Festival.在中国，人人都喜欢春节。 Everything is ready.（be） 一切都准备好了. some 系列的词项是肯定词，主要用于肯定句于肯定句； any 系列的词项是非肯定词，主要用于疑问句、否定句疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中。它们都既可修 饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 There is something wrong with her. There isnt anything wrong with her. There isnt anyone in the classroom.教室里没有人。 Is there any meat in the kitchen?厨房里还有肉吗？ I have something to tell you. 变为否定句： 。 【答案】I dont have anything to tell you./ I have nothing to tell you. 【注意注意】 在在 Would you/Could you？之类的表达请求许可问句中用？之类的表达请求许可问句中用 some，不用，不用 any。 （特殊情况：表达委婉语气时）（特殊情况：表达委婉语气时） -Would you like something to eat? -Yes, Id like to. Some beef, please. 形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词时，通常放在不定代词的后面。形容词或动词不定式修饰不定代词时，通常放在不定代词的后面。 Please show me something great. nothing interesting Can I have something to eat? 练习练习 1. Im hungry. I want ______ to eat. A. anything B. something C. everythingD. nothing 2.-Do you have ______ to say for yourself? -No, I have ______ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing 3. Everything ______ ready. We can start now. A. areB. isC. beD. were 4. Theres ______ with his eyes. Hes OK. body A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing 【答案】BDBC 2.How was your trip last week? 本句回答常用： It was great/good/OK/excellent/wonderful.或者 It wasnt good.等等 【句型结构】How+be+主语?=What +be+ 主语+like? “怎么样” e.g. How was your school trip?=What was your school trip like? 翻译-你的寒假怎么样？ How was your winter vacation? ? 3.worry 动词，过去式：动词，过去式：worried；“担心，担忧担心，担忧” Nothing worries me. 没有什么让我担心. worry + that 从句（that 可省略）. e.g. We worried it would rain. “我们担心会下雨” 翻译Tom 担心没人喜欢他的工作。Tom that will like his job. worries; nobody 重点短语： Worry about sb/sth.= be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事 e.g. Dont worry about me. 不要担心我。 My best friend is worried about me. 我好朋友担心着我。 翻译 1） 家长们担心孩子们的健康。 2） 我爸担心我的英语学习。 【答案】Parents worry about childrens health./ My father worries about my English. 4fast adj.形容词，形容词， “快的快的” e.g. The train is so fast.=The train is so quick.=This is a fast train. adv.副词副词， “快地”；=quickly 例句: The train goes so fast/quickly. 反义词 slow 形容词， “缓慢的” slowly 副词， “缓慢地” 【练习】 During the race, the rabbit runs , but the turtle(乌龟) runs . 【答案】fast/quickly; slowly 5teach sb. sth.教某人某事。教某人某事。 Teach me English. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事。 My dad taught me to do the cleaning. teach how to do sth. “教怎样做某事”。She teaches me how to make zongzi. 【拓展拓展】 宾语从句里，当从句主语与主句所表达的 sb.一致，可将从句转变为“疑问词+不 定式”结构。 例句：The guide taught us how to make a model robot. =The guide taught us how we can make a model robot. Kate doesnt know what she should do. =Kate doesnt know what to do. 第三部分第三部分 【课堂练习课堂练习】 I单项选择 1.-Where he go on vacation? -He went to the mountains. A.isB. doesC. doesD. did 2. I am looking for a birthday gift for my mother, But I didnt find good in the market. This is not good, either. Can you show me one? A. anything; another B. something; another C. something; the other D. anything; other 3-Hey! How were the assistants in the store? - very friendly. A. They are B. They were C. They did D. They do 4. _________there __________mutton and vegetables in the noodles? A. Is; any B. Is; some C. Are; any D. Are; some 5.When he ________ young, he ________ a good child. A. is; isB. was; wasC. is; wasD. were; was 6.We had great fun in the beach. A.to play B. playing C. playD. played 7. ________ did you do? I went to the supermarket to buy something. A.WhereB.WhenC.WhatD.How 8.-Did your parents sleep late on weekends? - . A.Yes, they didB. No, they dont C. Yes, they were. D. No, they did. 9.-How your vacation? - It was great! A. is B. did C. will be D. was 10. Martin is interested in Chinese. He wants to come to China some day. A. learn B. to learnC. learningD. learns 11. - Have you ever read the book Harry Potter? - Yes, and I think its very . I want to read it again. A. boring B. excitingC. bored D. excited 12. Last Sunday evening, we my aunt. She meat for us. A. visit; cook B. visited; cooked C. visit; cookedD. visited cook 13.He any interesting animals on the last trip. A. doesnt saw B. didnt saw C. didnt seeD. sees 14.Did you buy in the supermarket? A. something B. everything C. anythingD. some things 15.We often football on Sunday afternoon, but last Sunday afternoon we basketball. A. play; played B. played; playC. play; playD. played; played II.完成句子 1. Tom did kungfu for the school show last year.（改为否定句） Tom _________ _________ kungfu for the school show last year. 2.The strawberries were really delicious. (对划线部分提问) ________ _______the strawberries? 3. There isnt anything in the cup. (同义句转换) There _________ _________ in the cup. 4.I went to Beijing yesterday.(改为一般疑问句) you to Beijing yesterday? 5.天气变得乌云密布，我们担心会下雨.(完成译句) It got very and we it would rain. 6.老师们教了学生怎样制作模型飞机.(完成译句) Teachers students model planes. III.阅读理解. The feelings lived: Happiness, Sadness, Knowledge, and all of the others, including Love. One day it was said that the island would go down, so all made boats and left except(除了) Love. Love was the only one who stayed. Love wanted to offer her help until the last possible moment. When the island had almost gone down, Love decided to ask for help. Richness was passing by Love in a great boat. Love said, “Richness, can you take me with you” Richness answered, “No, I cant. There is a lot of gold and silver in my boat. There is no place here for you.” Sadness was close by, so Love asked, “Sadness, let me go with you.” “Oh, Love, I am so sad that I need to be by myself!” Happiness passed by Love,too, But she was so happy that she did not even notice(注意到)when Love called her. Suddenly, there was a voice, “Come, Love, I will take you.” It was an elder. Love was so excited that she even forget to ask who the elder was. So Love asked knowledge, another elder, “Who helped me?” “It was Time.” Knowledge answered. “Time?” asked Love. “But why did Time help me?” Knowledge smiled with deep wisdom and answered, “Because only Time understands how valuable Love is.” 1.What would happen to the island? A. It would grow bigger B. It would sink(下沉). C. It drove feelings away. D. All the feelings lived. 2.Sadness didnt see Love when he passed by Love, did he? A.Yes, he did B. Yes,he didnt C. No, he didnt D. No, he did. 3.Why didnt Happiness help Love? A. Because Happiness didnt like Love. B. Because Happiness didnt hear Love calling her. C. Because her boat was so small that she couldnt take Love with her. D. Because she needed to be by herself. 4.Who helped Love out of danger? A. Sadness B. Knowledge C. Happiness D. Time 5.What does the underlined word “valuable” mean in Chinese? A. 令人喜爱的 B. 珍贵的 C. 吸引人的 D.有爱心的 参考答案参考答案 单项选择 1-5DABAB 6-10BCADC 11-15BBCCA 完成句子 1.didnt do 2.How were 3.is nothing 4.Did go 5.cloudy worried 6.taught how to make 阅读理解 1-5BABDB人教版初中英语七年级下册十二单元讲义教案人教版初中英语七年级下册十二单元讲义教案 UNIT12 第一部分第一部分 【重点短语重点短语】 去野营 在湖边野营 study for a test do ones homework go to the cinema go boating go to the beach play badminton work as a guide How interesting! the National History Museum living habits stay up late a family of mice run away its important to do sth. a second language two weeks ago. put up tents put up make a fire to keep warm each other so+形容词/副词 + that 从句 get a terrible surprise look out of our tent. wake up start to do sth jump up and down learn a lesson feel sb. doing sth. 【答案】从左至右：go camping； camp by a lake； 为考试而学习；做作业； 去看电影；打羽 毛球； 当导游； 好有趣啊； 国家历史博物馆； 生活习惯； 熬夜到很晚； 一窝老鼠； 逃跑； 做某事重要；一门第二外语；两周前； 搭帐篷； 张贴/举起/搭建； 生火保暖；互相=one another; 如此以致于；大吃一惊；向帐篷外看； 醒来/叫醒； 开始做某事=start doing; 上蹿下 跳； 得到教训； 感觉某人正在做 第二部分第二部分 【重点语法重点语法】 一How interesting! “好有趣啊！” 【感叹句结构复习感叹句结构复习】 How + 形容词+主语+谓语+其他！ What+ (a/an)+ 形容词+主语+谓语+其他！ e.g.她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊！ What she is! How is! 【试一试】 这是一本多么有趣的历史书啊！ 【答案】What an interesting history book it is! How interesting the history book is! 二I was so tired that I went to sleep early. 我是如此如此疲倦以致于以致于我很早就睡了。 句型结构：句型结构：so+形容词形容词/副词副词 + that 从句从句 “如此如此以至于以至于” e.g. I am so busy that I have no time to watch TV. 【考点】常与 tooto do sth.及 not+形容词/副词 enough to do sth.换同义句换同义句。 She is so young that she cant go to school. =she is too young to go to school. =She is not old enough to go to school. 试一试 1.Linda was so tired that she couldnt get up early.(同义句) Linda tired get up early. 2.The movie is so boring that Tom has no interest in watching.(同义句) The movie for Tom to watch. 【答案】was too to; isnt interesting enough 三see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。看见某人正在做某事。 e.g.we see our teacher walking up and down the classroom. “我们看见老师在教室里走来走去”（看的时候老师正在走） see sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事，看到是整个过程。看见某人做过某事，看到是整个过程。 I often see you buy something in the school shop.我经常看见你在商店买东西。 【回顾复习回顾复习】 see/watch/notice/hear + sb + doing sth”表示动作的连续性、进行性； 正在做正在做！ see/watch/notice/hear + sb + do sth”表示动作完成的完整性、真实性。 真实发生过真实发生过！ 【练习】 当我路过教室时，我看见 Tom 正在吃东西。 我注意到每周六 Lisa 都要去购物。 When we went by the park, we saw a lot of people games. （易错题） A.is playing B. playing C. are playing D. to play 答案When I pass the classroom, I see Tom eating food. I see Lisa go shopping every Saturday. B 四shout v.动词 “叫喊” 【搭配】shout at sb. 冲大喊（生气，警告） 带有不满情绪带有不满情绪 shout to sb. “冲大声喊话”（着急的喊）目的是让对方听见目的是让对方听见 e.g. shout to sb for help “向某人高呼救命” 【练习】完成译句 1.不要对父母大喊大叫，这是不礼貌的。 Its impolite to your parents. 2.刚才那个司机对着行人大喊寻求帮助。 The driver the passers-by help jus