甘肃省兰州市2021届高三下学期第一次诊断性考试（一模）英语试题含答案.zip

20212021 年高三诊断考试年高三诊断考试 英语英语 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2.作答时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Museums for Summer Fun and Learning Childrens Museum of Oak Ridge Located in a historic Manhattan Project-era building, this museum is the place for visitors to earn about art, science, history, culture, and healthy living. With over 20 child-friendly exhibits to explore, it provides something of interest for everyone. Address: 461 W. Outer Dr. Oak Ridge, TN 37830 Admission: Adults: $ 8.00; Seniors: $ 7.00; Children 3 Children under 3: Free Childrens Museum of Science and Technology Founded in 1954, CMOST is the regions only science center. CMOST provides an engaging, child-directed learning environment which enables children to learn and grow through play. Designed for children aged 18 months through the tween years, the museum enables children to observe, think, and learn in a pressure-free environment by pairing creative educational tools and techniques with engaging exhibits to support active learning. Address: 250 Jordan Road Troy, NY 12180 Admission: $ 8.00 per person aged 2 and up African American Museum of Iowa The AAMI is a statewide museum aimed at keeping and teaching Iowas African American history. As Iowas leading educational resource on the topic, it educates more than 30,000 people each year through museum tours, travelling exhibits, research services, youth and adult education programs, and community and fundraising events. Address: 5512th Avenue SE, Cedar Rapids, IA 52401 Admission: Adults: $ 6.00; Seniors: $ 5.00; Students / Youth: $ 3.50; Children under 5: Free Kingman Museum Kingman Museum is a hidden treasure in Southwest Michigan housing an extensive （大量的） natural history collection. As a local landmark in Battle Creek for over 80 years, Kingman Museum works to provide a universal place of hands-on learning for the community. Address: 175 Limit St. Battle Creek, MI 49037 Admission: Free 1. Which museum charges a child aged 5 $ 6.00? A. Kingman Museum. B. Childrens Museum of Oak Ridge. C. African American Museum of Iowa. D. Childrens Museum of Science and Technology. 2. What can we know about CMOST? A. It is a statewide museum. B. It used to be a science lab. C. It uses creative educational tools. D. It is designed for children to play. 3. Whats the goal of African American Museum of Iowa? A. Exhibiting artworks. B. Raising funds for programs. C. Providing learning sites for communities. D. Protecting the African American history. B What do you want to be when you grow up? My answer has always been a vet. We didnt have pets growing up because my mother was scared of animals. She transferred （转移）some of this fear to me. Its not common you find someone whos scared of animals but wants to be a vet. Still, I knew this is what I wanted. Vet school was nothing like I had imagined. Within the first few weeks, any fears I had about being a vet vanished. In the fourth year, we were introduced to surgery. I loved it. Stitching （缝） wounds was like a satisfying game of Tetris （俄罗斯方块），where all the pieces fit beautifully together to make something broken whole again. It solidified （使坚固）my belief that this was the right fit for me. These were the most challenging and rewarding two years of my life, and before I knew it, they were over. I was officially a veterinary surgeon （兽医）.Surprisingly, I felt empty after I finished. Why wasnt 1 excited to move on? I had completely forgotten to think about what comes next. I felt as if I had spent the last decade of my life writing exams and working crazy hours only to come out on the other side, completely clueless. There were so many options to choose from. I could start a clinic, work at another practice or even pursue further studies. It was my father who suggested I travel to gain some perspective. I hesitantly decided to spend some time in New Zealand with my aunt who also happens to be a vet. New Zealand was beautiful! I finally had a chance to think about what I wanted. One of the vets there allowed me to observe their practice. Working with vet nurses really stood out for me. We dont have vet nurses in India! It is a blessing to have such experienced and dedicated individuals as a part of your support system. After a whole year of what felt like aimless wandering, this experience helped me decide I wanted to work overseas. So, to all the other confused vets out there who havent figured things out: Its completely okay to feel confused! Most people feel the same way at some point in their careers. Dont be afraid to try new things even if you feel difficult or impossible. 4. Why didnt the author consider raising a pet of her own before? A. Because she had been wounded by a pet. B. Because she was not interested in animals. C. Because her family couldnt afford to buy her one. D. Because her mother passed on her fear of animals to her. 5. What does the underlined word “vanished in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Erupted.B. DisappearedC. Increased.D. Realized. 6. How did the author feel after she graduated as a real vet? A. Lost.B. Ashamed.C. Confident.D. Excited. 7. What does the text mainly tell us? A. Different people have different dream jobs. B. How the author became a vet with the help of her aunt. C. By traveling abroad, people can broaden their knowledge circles. D. People will find what they really want if they are brave enough to try. C The worlds largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals. If the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies. The huge iceberg is named A68a. It broke away from Antarcticas Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017. Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hit South Georgia in around 30 days. This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial. That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food. Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts, it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill （磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the islands wildlife. The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the areas whole ecosystem. These are globally significant populations of these species. If these species fail in this particular area, then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically. Professor Geraint Tarling, an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey, said, The breaking off of icebergs from Antarctica is a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What were seeing with models and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future. 8. Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash? A. It will bring extremely cold weather. B. It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals. C. It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving. D. It will prevent animals from moving to other places. 9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The characteristic of the iceberg. B. The importance of the iceberg. C. The traveling speed of the iceberg. D. The forming process of the iceberg. 10. What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4? A. Using up much fresh water. B. Polluting the surrounding farms. C. Changing the worlds ecosystem. D. Affecting the number of certain species. 11. How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs from Antarctica? A. It may slow down in the near future. B. It may become common in the future. C. It has a great influence on the climate. D. It helps scientists conduct a sea study. D The sea could be the food bowl of the future. In Jervis Bay, south of Sydney, seaweed, which is rich in fibre and omega 3, is grown and harvested. Pia Winberg is a marine scientist who runs Australias first food-grade fanned seaweed company. Her crop is grown alongside mussels （贻贝）and is used as an additive in pasta （意大 利面）and other products. Seaweed is also raised in large tanks, where it absorbs carbon dioxide waste from a wheat processing factory. The business is small, but could help to reduce the ecological footprint of traditional farming. “We used ten percent of seaweed instead of wheat in breads and pastas, weve eliminated a million hectares of land, weve eliminated all of the carbon dioxide emissions associated with that, and weve also reduced the pressures on very precious fresh water. said Pia Winberg. Spiny sea urchins （多刺海胆虫）are another blue economy resource. They can destroy marine habitats, but a recent competition for environmental start-ups in Australia, saw them not as a pest but a delicacy （美味）. Martina Doblin, CEO of Sydney Institute of Marine Science, said, By 2050 we will have some ten billion people on the planet, and about half the food they eat will come from the ocean. So, we really do need to pay attention to the way that we manage the blue economy - generating wealth from the ocean but in a sustainable （可 持续的）way.” Farming at sea has its challenges. Infrastructure （基础设施）has to be sound, as do supply chains and biosecurity. But get these things right, and the ocean might just be the next great economic frontier. 12. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To lead to the main topic. B. To describe a new kind of seaweed. C. Tell how important the food safety is. D. To explain the meaning of blue economy. 13. What can we learn from what Martina Doblin said in paragraph 6? A. Ocean exploration has made little progress so far. B. More and more people will die of hunger in the future. C. More work is needed for a better use of the natural resources. D. Sea fanning will be a good way to solve the coming world food problem. 14. Which word can be used to describe the authors attitude towards sea fanning? A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Tolerant.D. Negative. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. How to Protect the Marine Animals B. Measures to Develop Blue Economy C. Farming the Sea for the Future of Food D. Traditional Farming is Gradually Disappearing 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 The recent advances in Artificial Intelligence （AI） have aroused heated debate globally. As science fiction starts to become reality, AI products are now slowly coming into homes and workplaces. 16 Will unemployment rate become higher in the future? Will low-end labors cause social unrest （不安定）? However, more optimistically speaking, I believe that AI is a great helper, and the focus of AI should not be just on cool devices or automation. 17 . AI has the potential to greatly improve things like healthcare, education, poverty and security. AI machines can do some very beneficial things today that humans will simply never be able to do. And of course, AI is just used to make up for the disadvantages of the human mind, not to replace it. 18 We process millions of sensory inputs automatically, allowing us to learn and respond to our environment. But the human brain only contains about 300 million pattern processors that are responsible for human thought. What if we could complement （补足）all of our amazing ideas with not just more data, but also more data processing capability? 19 . “Precision medicine（精准医疗）is a great example to illustrate Als positive impact when we equip it with human skills. Precision medicine is an emerging approach to disease treatment and prevention that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each person. 20 . For example, around 25, 000 people in the US are diagnosed with brain tumors （肿瘤）every year. Traditionally, they might all be given the same course of treatment to see what might work in a one-size-fits-al1 approach. Precision medicine will allow doctors and researchers to predict more accurately which treatment and prevention strategies for a particular disease will work in which groups of people. A. Our life is becoming more and more convenient B. Think of it as a type of personalized medical care C. The human brain is the most elegant computer in existence D. Imagine how we would rethink every single problem that exists today E. Instead, we can rethink how to solve the worlds existing problems with AI F. Precision medicine helps doctors and nurses figure out what the problem is G. This is raising concerns about the potential harmful effects of AI on the job market 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 It was just after sunrise on an August morning. Ivan, a florist, who was busy in his flower shop 21 flowers for three young girls. They are the 22 of the Leaving Smiles UK a 23 of leaving bunches of blooms in public places for 24 to find. Ivan is donating 50 bunches of flowers each week to volunteers through social media, who then leave them in 25 places with a card saying Please26 me. Smiles could be seen on the faces of the three girls who had already taken part in the programme. Strangers once - now 27 through the campaigns hashtag （主题标签）on Instagram. One of the girls said: Lovely! Im going to take this beautiful bunch of flowers and 28 it for a stranger somewhere and see if we can 29 a smile today?, During the epidemic lockdown （疫情封闭）when everyones been a bit 30 and they cant see their friends or families, its important to be able to help people go through the 31 . So a gift of flowers is 32 to lift peoples spirits and change their day in a 33 way. It is hoped that people who 34 flowers might be 35 to carry out a random act of kindness of their own. After stepping out of the flower shop, I noticed some 36 left on the bench of a park. A few people came to look at the bouquet (花束)before some children 37 figured it out and got up the 38 to take the flowers to Mum. Perhaps this isnt the first programme to encourage 39 towards strangers, but in these socially distant times, its bringing people just that little bit 40 . 21. A. buyingB. drawingC. packingD. growing 22. A. customersB. volunteersC. donatorsD. employers 23. A. programmeB. lessonC. trickD. research 24. A. loversB. teenagersC. strangersD. visitors 25. A. certainB. crowdedC. restrictedD. random 26. A. takeB. enjoyC. respectD. appreciate 27. A. admittedB. connectedC. discoveredD. changed 28. A. prepareB. decorateC. leaveD. spare 29. A. spreadB. expectC. begD. steal 30. A. excitedB.