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2020-2021 学年高一英语牛津译林版学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册同步课时必修第三册同步课时 作业（作业（1）Unit 1 Welcome to the unit you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this. _____ Apart from helping you challenge yourself, taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income. 3.Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise. _____ A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself. Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight, but also make you feel better about yourself. 4.Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people. Dont just limit yourself to your fellow travelerstry to connect with the service staff. You never know what kind of people theyre going to be. Get out of your house or go online right now to book your trip. _____ A.You should do it continuously. B.Someone may hang up on you. C.You dont need to go to the gym. D.Running in the gym may be a better choice. E.Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself. F.Some examples might be cooking, sewing, painting and so on. G.You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone. 答案以及解析答案以及解析 一、 1.答案：will disappear 解析：考查时态。根据语境及时间状语从句 as they age 可知主句应用一般将来时，故填 will disappear。句意:青少年的夜猫子习惯会随着年龄的增长而消失，研究称这可能是年长 的成人比年轻的成人更快乐的原因。 2.答案：various/ varied 解析：考查形容词。分析可知空格处作定语修饰名词 purposes,需用形容词，故填 various 或 varied。句意:加拿大的广播系统著名、先进，且用途广泛。 3.答案：lengthening 解析：考查动名词。分析可知空格处作介词 in 的宾语，需用动名词，故填 lengthening。句 意:虽然经常跑步不能让你长生不老，但这份报告说，跑步在延年益寿方面比散步、骑自行 车或游泳更有效。 4.答案：disappear 解析：考查词形转换。句意:如果我们不立刻采取行动保护这片雨林，它可能会永远消失。 根据句意可知，此处表示“消失” ，应用 disappear。 5.答案：species 解析：考查名词复数。根据句意可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，species 单复数同形，故 填 species。 6.答案：He broke down when he heard the news. 7.答案：There are a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books and so on in the library. 8.答案：Under the big tree sat an old man. 9.答案：brave enough to tell her 10.答案：am thankful for 二、 答案：1-3 BDC 解析：1.词义猜测题。上文 The ranger will get the chance to work in some of the nations most attractive places and spacesimpressive sunrises, a one-minute ride and one of Englands largest seal colonies on his doorstep.介绍了这个工作的优点;下文 Apart from avoiding the dive-bombing Arctic terns(燕鸥), there is no running water on the island and there will be severe storms to fight against during the spring.介绍的是该工作的不足之处。由此可知，downside 应是“不足，缺点”的意思。故选 B。 2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段首句 Along with a love of nature and outdoor activities, the National Trust is looking for “an excellent team player” who has experience in conservation work.可知，本工作要求除了热爱大自然和户外活动外，还要有自然保护工作的经验。故选 D。 3.推理判断题。根据最后一段 Could you see yourself in this role? Applications for the job close on June 7. Want to apply? Click here.可推知，这篇文章极可能来自网络。故选 C。 三、 答案：- GBFCE 解析：由空前后句 We all need some normal stress in our lives, after all. _____ So challenge the following limits 可知，毕竟， 我们生活中需要一些压力，所以要挑战以下的 极限。所以设空处要起到承上启下的作用，G 项如果你坚持待在自己的舒适区，你永远看 不到任何进步。符合语境。故选 G 项。 由空后句 But dont stop on the first try!可知，但不要打一次就停下来。设空处与后一句 为转折关系，故 B 项有人可能会挂断你的电话。符合语境。故选 B 项。 由 Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career; you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this.可知，确保这个爱好与你的职业无关，做它的时候你必须感到放松和 减轻压力。所以设空处要举例说明是哪些爱好，F 项例如烹饪、缝纫、绘画等等。符合语 境。故选 F 项。 由空后句 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.可 知，在社区附近跑 9 分钟就可以为你自己创造奇迹。所以设空处应与运动的地点和时间有 关，故 C 项你不需要去健身房。符合语境。故选 C 项。 由本段标题 Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.可知，去旅行并且敞 开心胸去结识新朋友。此处讲的是关于旅行方面的内容，所以设空处要总结性地说明现在 就开始旅行，学会挑战自己。故选 E 项。2020-2021 学年高一英语牛津译林版学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册同步课时必修第三册同步课时 作业作业 （2）Unit 1 Grammar and usage it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines phosphate, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroyed the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take nearly $ 433, 600, 000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen. 1. What might be the authors purpose of writing the text? A. To seek help for Naurus problems. B. To give a warning to other countries. C. To show the importance of money. D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. 2. What did the ecological disaster in Nauru result from? A. The soil pollution.B. The phosphate overmining. C. The farming activity.D. The whale hunting. 3. Which of the following is a cause of Naurus financial problem? A. Its leaders misused the money. B. It spent too much repairing the island. C. Its phosphate mining cost much money. D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war. 4. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph? A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair. B. The leaders will take the experts words seriously. C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans. D. The phosphate will be mined further. 三、 It is said _________ in the last 500 years, over 300 species of land animals have gone extinct. Maybe a question springs _________ your mind: what is responsible for it? Recently environmental scientists have done a piece of research _________ (show) that in fact, human beings have _________ greatest impact on animal populations. In order to get delicious food from animals, some people hunt and fish. Even some people hunt animals for fashion or for fun, _________ has had damaging effects on the worlds animal numbers. _________ the human population increasing, we take up more land to build cities, which destroys animal habitats and leaves many animals with nowhere _________ (live) , or no food to eat. Due to pollution _________ (cause ) by human activities, some animals population _________ (drop) greatly. As the human population continues to grow, _________ does the effect we have on animals. 答案以及解析答案以及解析 一、 1.答案：kept track of 2.答案：signed up for 3.答案：So do we 4.答案：Gone are 5.答案：If not 6.答案：application 解析：考查名词。固定搭配: application form 申请表。故填 application,句意:按回车键,申请 表格将显示在屏幕上。 7.答案：absolutely 解析：考查副词。分析可知空格处作状语修饰形容词 perfect,需用副词,故填 absolutely,句意: Margie 确信每个人都玩得很开心,每件事都极其完美。 8.答案：playing 解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析可知逗号前边是状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为 While he was playing with his children outdoors,省略了 he was,故填 playing。句意:和孩子们在 户外玩的时候,这位父亲感到非常高兴。 9.答案：invited 解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析可知 his party 后边是状语从句的省略形式,其完整形式为 unless you are invited,省略了 you are,故填 invited,句意:除非受到邀请,否则你不应该去参加他 的聚会。 10.答案：gained 解析：考查省略。当 once 引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语动词含 有 be 动词的某种形式时,可将从句的主语和 be 动词省略。此处为省略结构,完整形式为 once her friendship is gained。 二、 答案：1-4 BBAA 解析：1.根据第一段中的“other countries might learn from its mistakes”可知，作者写这篇 文章的目的是给其他国家一个警示，希望它们能够从中吸取教训，故选 B。 2.根据文章内容可知，瑙鲁的生态危机是由过度开采磷酸盐造成的。 3.根据最后一段中的Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition they used millions more dollars for personal expenses可知，造成瑙鲁财 政危机的原因包括其领导人投资不明智，并且把钱用在个人消费上，故 A 项正确。 4.根据最后一段最后两句可知，修复瑙鲁的生态环境需要大量的金钱投入以及二十多年的 时间，由此可推知被破坏的生态环境很难修复。 三、 答案：that ; to ; showing ; the ; which ; With ; to live; caused ; has dropped ; so 解析：考查连词。固定句型:It is said that据说。It 是形式主语,that 引导主语从句,故 填 that。句意:据说在过去的 500 年里,有 300 多种陆栖动物灭绝了。 考查介词。固定短语:spring to ones mind 某人突然想起。故填 to。句意:也许你会想一个 问题是什么造成了这种情况? 考查现在分词。分析可知空格处一直到句末这部分作定语修饰名词 research,动词 show 与名词 research 之间是逻辑上的主动关系,需用现在分词,故填 showing。句意:最近环境科 学家做了一项研究,该研究表明,事实上,人类对动物种群的影响最大。 考查冠词。形容词最高级前需用定冠词,故填 the。句意同上。 考查定语从句的引导词。分析可知空格处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个主句的内 容,故填 which。句意:甚至有些人猎杀动物是为了时尚或娱乐,这对世界上的动物的数量产生 了破坏性的影响。 考查介词。分析可知,此处是 with 的复合结构,故填 With。句意:随着人口的增长,我们占据 了更多的土地来建设城市,这破坏了动物的栖息地,使许多动物没有生存的地方,或没有吃的 食物。 考查不定式。根据后面的 or no food to eat 可知空格处应用不定式,故填 to live。句意同 上。 考查非谓语动词。空格处为非谓语动词作定语,pollution 与 cause 之间为逻辑上的被动关 系,应用过去分词。故填 caused。句意:因为一些人类活动造成的污染,一些动物的数量大幅 下降。 考查时态和主谓一致。分析可知,空格处是句子的谓语,此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响,应 用现在完成时;主语 some animals population 是单数,故填 has dropped。句意同上。 考查副词。空格后采用了倒装语序,由语境可知此处表达的是肯定意思,表示“也”,故 填 so。句意:随着人口的持续增长,我们对动物的影响也在不断扩大。2020-2021 学年高一英语牛津译林版学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册同步课时必修第三册同步课时 作业（作业（3）Unit 1 Extended reading, Project, Assessment convenience 7.答案：is estimated to kill 8.答案：take the place of 9.答案：are senior to 10.答案：What matters most; is 二、 答案：1-4 BADC 解析：1.文章首段讲真正的友谊就像健康一样重要, 人们只有在失去时才知道它的价值, 下 文则介绍了如何修复关系并维持好的友谊, 由此推断作者引用 Charles Caleb Colton 的话是 为了引入文章的主题。 2.根据下文中的you really care about him可知, 此处表示这会让你的朋友意识到你的道歉 是真诚的, 故可推断词与 sincere 为近义词, 表示真诚的。 3.根据第二段中的the good old way of saying sorry to your friend through a letter will surely have a great effect on him可知, 作者认为最好的道歉方式是写信。 4.根据文中的Always begin by apologizing and saying sorry for your mistake可知, 写道歉信时, 你应该为你的错误道歉。 三、 答案： Soil pollution Soil pollution is caused for various reasons. First, the overuse of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in farming causes harmful chemical residues to be left in the soil. Second, wastewater, gases and solids in industry are illegally poured into or piled on the soil without being scientifically treated. All of these are causing more and more serious pollution and damage to the soil. To prevent the soil pollution from becoming more serious, we must take a lot of measures. First, we should ask people to pay attention to it and change their bad habits. Second, our government is supposed to make stricter laws to punish those businesses which illegally emit waste water or gases. Last, scientists should try to develop harmless pesticides and chemical fertilizers to reduce soil pollution.
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