1、1 英语（必修第三册）英语（必修第三册） Unit 1 Nature in the balance Grammar and usage I. Learning objectives By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 1. master the rules of ellipsis; 2. use the rules of ellipsis to improve their compositions; 3. raise their awareness of environmental protection. II. Key co
2、mpetence focus Develop the thinking ability by comparing and summarizing. III. Predicted area of difficulty 1. Explore the rules of ellipsis. 2. Convey ideas using ellipsis correctly and properly. IV. Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead-in T asks Ss to look at some elliptical sentences in the daily life
3、 to arouse their interest. No smoking (is allowed here). Parking (is allowed here). No photos (is allowed here). 2 No fishing (is allowed here). 【设计意图：创设情景，激活学生认知，自然地引入主题。】 Step 2 Introduction of ellipsis 1. T asks Ss to find the words that can be left out and tell the reasons why the words can be l
4、eft out. I have done more than (what is) required. (You) open the window and the door for me, please. Will you go to the cinema with me? Well, Id like to (go with you). I know you can do better than I (can do). You shouldnt come to this party unless (you were) invited. The man (whom) I saw is called
5、 David. 2. T introduces what ellipsis is. T: What is ellipsis? Ellipsis means leaving out words of a sentence when the meaning can still be understood. Ellipsis is used when you do not want to repeat the words and phrases that are obvious. 【设计意图：初步了解省略的用法，为下一步的学习探究做准备。】 Step 3 Exploring the rules 1.
6、 T asks Ss to read a conversation between Jack and Henry and write down the words that have been left out in the conversation on page 6. Answers: No, I didnt (watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday). In short responses You can watch it online if you want to (watch it).
7、In infinitives I felt worried when (I was) watching the documentary. After some conjunctions like if, 3 when and while Some call for the application of modern technology, and others (call for) a change of lifestyle. In clauses with the same pattern and the same verb (Have you) Got any ideas? At the
8、beginning of a sentence in informal speech (It/That) Sounds great! At the beginning of a sentence in informal speech 2. T asks Ss to work out the rules and offers Ss more examples to help them better understand the rules. We sometimes use ellipsis to avoid repeating one or more words when the meanin
9、g is clear. We can use ellipsis: * in short responses; Have you ever attended a talk about environmental protection? Never. (= I have never attended a talk about environmental protection.) * in infinitives; You may go with them if you want to. (= You may go with them if you want to go with them.) Wi
10、ll you be able to come? Id love to. (= Id love to come.) * after some conjunctions like if, when and while; Though very young, he is very good at painting. (= Though he is very young, he is very good at painting.) You should be careful when crossing the street. (= You should be careful when you cros
11、s the street.) * in clauses with the same pattern and the same verb; He got up earlier than I today. (= He got up earlier than I got up today.) Has he gone or not? (= Has he gone or has he not gone?) * at the beginning of a sentence in informal speech. 4 Ready? (= Are you ready?) 【设计意图：这是这堂课的核心部分，该环
12、节将语法知识和语境相结合。让学生通过自主学 习、自主探究的方式， 了解省略的用法，体会对话中的省略现象，通过分类、概括语言信息， 归纳出省略的语法规则，逐步从感性认识上升到理性认识，培养学生的学习能力和语言能 力。】 Step 4 Practice 1. T asks Ss to finish B1 on page 7 on their own. T: Please find the mistakes and rewrite the sentences using ellipsis. Answers: I cannot watch the documentary this weekend, t
13、hough I would like to. We cannot leave out to in infinitives when using ellipsis. Cows live on land, and fish in the water. Different prepositions are used and they cant be left out. The Amazon rainforest is smaller now than 50 years ago. When using ellipsis in clauses with the same pattern, the sub
14、ject and the verb should be left out altogether. He had planned to borrow a book on environmental protection, but he didnt. When using ellipsis in compound sentences, the part behind the auxiliary verb should be left out altogether. When taking photos of wildlife, we should make every effort to ensu
15、re that we keep away from the animals. When using ellipsis in adverbial clauses, we need to make sure that the subject of the main clause is the same as the subject of the subordinate clause. 【设计意图： 在学生掌握了省略的基本用法之后， 通过上面的练习， 加深对语言规则的理解， 培养学生运用语言的能力，提升学生的批判性思维能力。】 2. Tasks Ss to work in groups to fin
16、ish B2 on page 7. T: Jack is sharing with his classmates his experience of taking part in a forest clean-up activity. Use ellipsis where necessary. Put brackets around the word(s) that can be left out and then tell the reason why the word(s) can be left out. Answers: 5 At first I didnt want to (take
17、 part in the forest clean-up activity), but then I thought, “what if nobody goes?” In infinitives There was a “No littering (is allowed here)” sign at the entrance to the forest, but that didnt stop people from throwing their rubbish on the ground. In informal sentences Joe divided us into two group
18、s: one group cleaned up the north side of the forest, and the other (group) (cleaned up) the south side (of the forest). In clauses with the same pattern and the same verb We worked for several hours and (we) were happy to see (that) the forest looked clean than (it had looked) before. In compound s
19、entences with the same subject; that in object clauses; in clauses with the same subject and the same verb You can find Joe and sign up if (youre) willing to help. After some conjunctions like if, when and while 【设计意图：以小组活动的形式，大家思维碰撞，合作学习，相互帮助，再次巩固省略句的 用法，共同提高。让学生对本课内容开展进一步的讨论，在语境中进一步感受和理解语法的 表意功能，学
20、会运用正确地道的句子结构，学以致用，提高语言能力和学习能力。】 Step 5 Mini-writing 1. T asks Ss to work in pairs to describe the pictures or draw a picture of their own and think of a slogan to call for the protection of the environment, using ellipsis in the description or slogan. Example: When the water is too dirty to drink an
21、d the air (is) too polluted to breathe, will you be able to look at your children and say, “What a beautiful world (it is)!”? 2. T offers Ss some samples for their reference. (We) drive less, and we will have a greener world. When (you are) building cities, think of Mother Nature. 【设计意图：该环节将话题、语境、结构、功能相结合，让学生将语法知识运用到具体情境 中，进一步巩固本节课的语法知识，鼓励学生学习理解、应用实践、迁移创新。这可以帮助 学生培养思维能力，提升语言表达能力。】 6 V. Homework Draw or find more pictures about environmental protection and describe the pictures using ellipsis.
