1、1 B3U4 Scientists who changed the world Grammar and usage 1 一、一、Learning goals: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 1. understand the usage of the verb-ed forms 2. apply the rules of verb-ed forms 二、导读导学二、导读导学 1、自学必修三课本第 48 页，观察语法现象，总结语法规律，并运用 2、完成课本上相关练习 过去分词作定语、状语和宾语补足语过去分词作定语、状语和宾
2、语补足语 一、过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语与其所修饰的词之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系动宾关系，且表示该动作已经完成已经完成。 1过去分词作定语时的位置 The new product finally passed the required test. The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. (1)一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之 。 (2)过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之 ，它的作用相当于 一个定语从句。 即时演练1 用所给词的适当形式填空 Jim has retired, but he sti
3、ll remembers the happy time (spend) with his students. To return to the problem of water pollution, Id like you to look at a study conduct (conduct) in Australia in 2012. 2 2过去分词作定语时的意义 Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. (表示被动) The plan put forward at the meeting
4、will be carried out soon. (表示被动和完成) Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week. (表示完成) 归纳 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示 ；在时间上，常表示动作 发生 或完成。 (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作的。 即时演练2 选择填空 过去分词作定语有三种情况： A只表示被动 B只表示完成 C既表示被动又表示完成 请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况 America is a developed country. Is there a
5、nything planned for the weekend？ I found it hard to understand the English spoken by the native villagers. 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语时，表示动作发生的背景或者情况，在意义上相当于一个状语从句， 其省略的主语(逻辑主语)是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在被动关系。过去分词作状语可以 表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式是将 not 放在其前面。 (一)过去分词作状语时的句法功能 1过去分词作时间时间状语 Asked (When he was asked) what ha
6、d happened, his face turned red. When heated (When it is heated), water changes into steam. Told that his mother was ill (When he was told that his mother was ill), Li Lei hurried home quickly. 归纳 过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句。有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。 2过去分词作原因原因状语 Frightened by the horror movie, t
7、he girl didnt dare to sleep alone. Caught in a heavy rain (Because he was caught in a heavy rain), he was all wet. 归纳 过去分词作原因状语时， 相当于一个由 as、 since、 because 等词引导的原因状语从句。 3过去分词作条件条件状语 3 Compared with you (If we are compared), we still have a long way to go. Grown (If these seeds are grown) in rich soi
8、l, these seeds can grow fast. 归纳 过去分词作条件状语时，通常放在句子的 ，相当于 if、unless 等引导的 条件状语从句。 4过去分词作让步让步状语 Left at home (Although he was left at home), John didnt feel afraid at all. Explained a hundred times (Although he was explained .), he still cant understand it. 归纳 过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以 though/although 引导的让步状语从
9、句， 这类分词或分词短语一般放在句子 。 5过去分词作方式方式或伴随伴随状语 (She was) Dressed in white, (and) she looked really pretty. She sat by the window, (and she was) lost in thought. 归纳 过去分词作方式或伴随状语时不用状语从句替换，但可以改写成 。 即时演练 3 用所给词的适当形式填空 Steve arrived and sat in the front row, (surround) by his family. (raise) in the poorest area
10、of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 三、过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语是对宾语进行补充说明，过去分词与宾语之间为动宾关系。 (一) 过去分词作宾语补足语时的几种情况 He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched
11、. John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it. The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week. (1)过去分词用在表状态的动词 keep、leave 等词的后面作宾语补足语时， 表示“使/ 让 被” 。 (2)过去分词用在使役动词 have、 get、 make 的后面作宾语补足语时， 有以下两种情况： “have/get宾语过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到 某种
12、不幸”。 在“make宾语过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。 (3)过去分词用在感官动词 see、hear、notice、observe、watch、feel、find 等后 4 (4)过去分词用在表示“希望；愿望；命令”的动词 like、want、wish、expect、order 等 (5)过去分词用在“with宾语宾语补足语”这一结构中时，过去分词与宾语之间是 动宾关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。 即时演练 4用所给词的适当形式填空 Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was ver
13、y happy to see his mother taken (take) good care of at home. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car (wash). Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues (amuse) with her stories. 课堂总结课堂总结 1. 问题总结（错题集） 错题 题号 错因分析 基础知识 基本技能（方法） 易错点分析 审题答题规范性 学法指导 2. 学习报告（思维导图） 学习报告 班级： 姓名： 学科： 任课教师：
