1、第 1 页 共 8 页 Unit 1 课时跟踪练(二) Grammar and usage A 级语言知识基础练 .找出下列句子中省略的成分和内容 1Hope you are well, and that I shall hear from you after your holiday.省略了主语 I 2Nice day again.省略了主语和谓语 It is 3You can play in the house, but you mustnt outside the house.省略了谓语的一部分 play 4The climate is always mild here, whateve
2、r the season. 省略了谓语 is 5I hope the children wont touch the dog. Ive warned them not to. 不定式 to 后省略了 touch the dog 6Can you tell me when he will go abroad? Its hard to say.省略了宾语 when he will go abroad 7Feeling much better now? 省略了主语和谓语的一部分 Are you .单句语法填空 1If convenient (convenience), I will visit yo
3、u this weekend and discuss what to do next with you. 2Once encouraged (encourage), he will have confidence to overcome the difficulties. 3Mary, how about going to the movie after supper? Sounds (sound) great. 4Though surprised (surprise) to see us, the old man gave us a warm welcome. 5He rushes out
4、of the room as if to meet (meet) some important person. 6Knowing his trouble, I had nothing to do but inspire (inspire) him to continue his work. 7I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to 8If possible (possibility), Id like to work in the Ministry of Finance because I am good at mathematics
5、 and know much professional knowledge about finance. 9You should stay where you are, unless asked (ask) to leave. 第 2 页 共 8 页 10Who should be responsible for the accident? The boss instead of the workers.They just carried out the order as told (tell). .用省略形式改写下列句子 1I beg your pardon. Beg your pardon
6、. 2I have made up my mind to buy this computer, whatever the cost is. I have made up my mind to buy this computer, whatever the cost. 3The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother told him not to ride it in the street. The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother to
7、ld him not to. 4He majors in English and I majors in French. He majors in English and I in French. 5She advised me not to say anything until I was asked. She advised me not to say anything until asked. 6He opened the storybook and began to read it. He opened and began to read the storybook. .语法填空 Th
8、e wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020.The disaster faced by 1 country is far from over.Many of the fires 2 (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds (火云).The clouds could help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds
9、, 3 (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风).Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that 4 (find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds.It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done 5 wildlife.The wildfires are expected 6 (continue) burning for months as Australia entered
10、 its dry season. This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record.The fires happen 7 (regular) during the Australian dry season.However, climate and natural changes are making the situation 8 (bad).At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone.
11、Smoke from the fires has made 9 to South America.There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months, 10 could have a small effect on the planets climate. 第 3 页 共 8 页 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的森林大火在 2020 年 1 月变得更加严重， 同 时火灾产生的烟雾又引发了火焰龙卷风。文章说明了这次大火对澳大利亚的破坏和影响。 1the 考查冠词。此处特指上文的 Australia, 应用定冠词 the
12、。 2sent 考查动词的时态。根据后文的 turned into 可知， 此处应用一般过去时， 故填 sent。 3resulting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知， result 与其逻辑主语构成主动关系， 故应用现在分词作结果状语。 4are found 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。本句描述客观事实， 应使用一般现在 时。设空处前面的关系代词 that 引导定语从句， 先行词为 animals 是复数，又因 that 在从句 中作主语， 与动词 find 构成被动关系， 故填 are found。 5to 考查介词。do harm to .“对造成伤害”， 为固定搭配， 故填介词
13、to。 6 to continue 考查非谓语动词。 be expected to do sth“预计做某事”， 故填 to continue。 7regularly 考查词性转换。修饰动词 happen, 应用副词 regularly。 8worse 考查形容词的比较级。句意： 然而， 气候和自然的变化使情况变得更糟。 表示“更糟”应用形容词 bad 的比较级形式， 故填 worse。 9it 考查代词。make it to 为固定搭配， 表示“到达”。 10which 考查定语从句。句意： 烟雾如此之多， 可能会在空气中停留数月之久， 这 可能会对地球的气候产生小的影响。此处指代前面整句话
14、的内容， 且从句中缺少主语， 故 用关系代词 which。 B 级话题语篇能力练 .阅读理解 Heres a list of some interesting facts about stars; some you might already know, and few that are going to be new. The sun is the closest star to the earth.The sun is about 150 million kilometres away.Our sun, like most other stars, gives off power and
15、light by nuclear fusion (核聚变), which happens exactly where its the hottest.The sun is about 4.5 billion years old and it will still last six billion years or so.When it runs out of its fuel (燃料), it would develop into a red star when increasing in size. Since stars are billions of light years away,
16、it may be hard to recognize that stars are in 第 4 页 共 8 页 continuous battles with themselves.All the stars have their own gravitational pull (引力) that pulls them.The surprising part is that the nuclear fusion occurring inside the star truly produces an outward (向外的) push to resist (抵抗) the gravitati
17、onal force, which keeps its present shape. Stars have different colours.The hottest stars are surprisingly the smallest ones and are blue in colour.Their temperatures go to about 12，000 Kelvin.Although the yellowcoloured stars are the middle- sized ones just like the sun, their temperatures fall to
18、about 6，000 Kelvin.And lastly, the coolest and greatest ones are coloured red and the temperatures of them are about 3，000 Kelvin. When looking at the night sky, we may think that stars are up there alone.But dont be surprised that these heavenly bodies in fact come in pairs.And stars can even come
19、in groups of 3 or even 4! 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有关星星的有趣事实。 1What will happen when the sun runs out of its fuel? AIt will disappear slowly. BIt will last six billion years. CIt will become a white star. DIt will become larger in size. 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When it runs out of its fuel (燃料), it would
20、develop into a red star when increasing in size.”可知， 当太阳用完了它的能量， 它就变成了 红色的星球， 体积增大了。 2What can we learn from Paragraph 3? AAll stars are in a state of balance. BIts hard for the stars to keep their shapes. CThe stars have the same gravitational pull. DThe stars always stay in peace with one another.
21、 解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The surprising part is that the nuclear fusion occurring inside the star truly produces an outward (向外的) push to resist (抵抗) the gravitational force, which keeps its present shape.”可知， 星球都处于一种自身的平衡中。 3How do all the stars appear in space in reality? AThey appear only in pairs.
22、第 5 页 共 8 页 BThey appear without rules. CThey stay alone here and there. DThey appear in small groups or in pairs. 解析： 选 D 细节理解题。 根据最后一段内容可知， 星星在太空中不是孤立地出现， 而 是以双子星的形式出现， 有时候星星是以三个或四个一组的形式出现。 .完形填空 As our Earths temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our w
23、orlds forests.When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to 1 the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the 2 of photosynthesis (光合作用).As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a 3 death rate. Climate change also increases the 4 of droughts and wildfires.After
24、 wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 5 ， and in some cases, the forests are 6 permanently.Trees that are stressed are also 7 to attacks by bacteria (细菌).In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as 8 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients.Finally, humans have 9 the
25、 forest landscape through logging.When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the 10 trees that were cut down. As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, 11 the variety of those systems. 12 ， some endangered species are unable to
26、 13 and die.Old- growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world.When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 14 poor vegetation (植被).With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations 15 out on the wonders of
27、 forests? 语篇解读：由于气候变化，地球气温升高，从而对地球上的森林造成出人意料的影响。 本文就此进行了介绍。 1A.protect Bprevent Csave Dfree 解析：选 B 根据常识可知，树林关闭皮肤是为了阻止水分流失。 2A.movement Bsituation Cprocess Doperation 第 6 页 共 8 页 解析：选 C 树木关闭皮肤减缓了光合作用的过程(process)。 3A.higher Bfirmer Clighter Dsmaller 解析： 选 A 根据空前的“these trees are shorter and grow slowl
28、y”可推知， 这也导致了树木 较高的死亡率。 4A.choice Bmeasure Cqualification Dchance 解析：选 D 气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。chance“可能性”。 5A.grow Brescue Crecover Ddecline 解析：选 C 火灾过后，森林需要些时间才能恢复。recover“恢复”。 6A.ignored Blost Churt Dleft 解析：选 B 甚至在某些情况下，森林永久消失了。 7A.accessible Benjoyable Cacceptable Dfavorable 解析：选 A 有压力的树木会受到细菌的侵袭。ac
29、cessible“可接近的，可进入的”。 8A.attention Bcommand Ctrust Dsupport 解析：选 D 根据常识可知，自然界中，有些藤本植物是依托树木而生的。 9A.frightened Bpaid Cruined Dwasted 解析：选 C 根据空后的 logging 可推知，人类通过伐木最终使森林毁灭，与下文中的 “these forests disappear”呼应。ruin“毁坏，毁灭”。 10A.common Boriginal Cdistant Dstrong 解析： 选 B 重新被栽植的树木再也长不到像原来被砍倒的树那么大。 original“原来的
30、， 开始的”。 11A.affecting Bimproving Cforgetting Dreflecting 第 7 页 共 8 页 解析： 选 A 根据空前的“species that once called them home are forced to change”并 联系常识可推知，物种发生了变化，对系统的多样性产生了影响。 12A.Besides BSurprisingly COtherwise DUnfortunately 解析：选 D 根据空后的 and die 可推知，很不幸，一些濒危物种因为不能够适应(新情 况)而最终死亡。 13A.devote Bkeep Cadap
31、t Dlead 解析：选 C 参见上题解析。 14A.due to Bin addition to Cinstead of Din spite of 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，在同一地区重新栽植的新的森林由于贫瘠的植被而变得弱 小。 15A.pass Bmiss Cbreak Dbring 解析： 选 B 因为树木死亡的加快和持续， 子孙后代们会错过森林的奇迹吗？miss out on sth“错失的机会”。 .语法填空 Can knots (结) be a form of art？It is in China.There is a long history of using knots f
32、or decoration on clothing or to hang from the ceiling or on a wall.Skilled knot 1 (art) make complex knots that you can take back with you as souvenirs.They have a long history and a symbolic meaning even today. People may have 2 (initial) made them to record information and convey messages 3 people
33、 started to write.One- hundred- thousand- year- old tools have been discovered that were probably used 4 (tie) and untie knots, and there is a 5 (refer) to knots in ancient literature.But it isnt known when they started to be used symbolically or woven for art. It is known that they 6 (use) for arti
34、stic decoration and to symbolize and express thoughts and feelings in the Tang Dynasty.The Tang Empire was a large one 7 (cover) most of the regions of modern China, and the 8 (tradition) art form was carried on by succeeding generations 9 part of their culture. 第 8 页 共 8 页 Even today, Chinese knots
35、 are rich in symbolic meanings, and they therefore hold emotional value when given as gifts 10 passed down through families. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国结的发展历史和今天的作用。 1artists 考查名词的单复数。根据该句中的“make complex knots that you can take back with you as souvenirs”可知，skilled knot 对空处进行修饰， 此处缺名词， 表示“人”， 故 可以确定应用名词
36、 artist；该词为可数名词， 且其前无限定词修饰， 故此处应用复数。 2initially 考查副词。根据该句中的动词 made 可知， 空处修饰该动词， 故用副词形 式。 3before 考查介词。在开始用文字书写之前， 人们起初可能用它们去记录和传递信 息。before 意为“在之前”， 符合语境。 4to tie 考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth 为固定搭配， 意为“被用来做某事”。 5reference 考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词 a 并结合语境可知， 此处表示一本关于 结的参考书， 故用 refer 的名词形式。 6were used 考查动词的时态、语态和主
37、谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语 in the Tang Dynasty 可知， 此处陈述的事情发生在过去， 故用一般过去时；主语 they 和动词 use 之间 是被动关系， 故填 were used。 7covering 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知， a large one 和动词 cover 是逻辑上 的主谓关系， 故用现在分词作后置定语。 8traditional 考查词性转换。根据空后的 art form 可知，空处修饰该名词短语， 表示 传统的艺术形式， 故用形容词形式。 9as 考查介词。根据语境可知， 该处表示作为他们文化的一部分， 这种传统的艺术 形式被代代相传。as 表示“作为”， 符合语境。 10or 考查连词。由空前的 given as gifts 和空后的 passed down through families 可知， 空处表示选择关系， 故填 or。
