1、1 - Unit 1 Nature in the balance 测试卷 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回 答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案 写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答 案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
2、听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段 对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是 C。 ( ) 1. What will the man do today? A. Play football. B. Buy some flowers. C. Work in the garden. ( ) 2. How does the man feel about going to school
3、 by bike? A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Worried. ( ) 3. How much did Tom return to the woman? A. $5. B. $15. C. $50. ( ) 4. What will the woman do this afternoon? A. Have her hair cut. B. Watch a film. C. See a dentist. ( ) 5. When does the man advise the woman to collect her computer? A. This Friday. B. N
4、ext Monday. C. Next Tuesday. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 ( ) 6. What can we learn about Mr Brown? A. He is in his office. B. He is at a meeting. C. He is o
5、ut for a meal. ( ) 7. What will the man probably do next? A. Call back. B. Come again. C. Leave a message. - 2 - 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 ( ) 8. What does the man usually do on the weekends? A. He goes hiking. B. He goes cycling. C. He goes on short trips. ( ) 9. Where does the woman usually swim? A. I
6、n the ocean. B. In a nearby river. C. At a swimming pool. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 ( ) 10. How long will the woman stay in Yangshuo? A. For one month. B. For two months. C. For three months. ( ) 11. What is the main attraction of Yangshuo for the woman? A. The comfortable climate. B. The natural scen
7、ery. C. Local dishes. ( ) 12. With whom will the man spend his vacation? A. The woman. B. His parents. C. His friends. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 ( ) 13. When will the visitors come? A. In March. B. In April. C. In May. ( ) 14. How many visitors are coming? A. 8. B. 10. C. 12. ( ) 15. What will the vis
8、itors do on the second day? A. Go to a party. B. Visit schools. C. Attend a lecture. ( ) 16. Where will the visitors go on the final day? A. To London. B. To Scotland. C. To the coast. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 ( ) 17. What kind of teenage life did Richard lead at school? A. Difficult. B. Ordinary. C
9、. Exciting. ( ) 18. What did Richard do at the age of 16? A. He quit school. B. He started a magazine. C. He set up a student advisory centre. ( ) 19. What business did the mail-order company do? A. Selling low-priced records. B. Signing new musicians. C. Providing space travel. ( ) 20. When did Ric
10、hard build a recording studio? A. In 1970. B. In 1972. C. In 1992. - 3 - 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Animals are natural resources that people have wasted throughout our history. Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, f
11、or food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the world forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger. Why should people care? Because we need animals. And be
12、cause once they are gone, there will never be any more. Animals are more than just beautiful and interesting. They are more than just a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large
13、numbers of hawks ( 老 鹰 ), the farmers stores of corn and grain were destroyed by rats and mice. Why? Because hawks eat rats and mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the rats and mice multiplied quickly. Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to
14、let people know about the problem. They also try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animals or plants on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing. ( ) 21. What
15、is the best title for the passage? A. Animals in Danger. B. Useful Animals. C. Laws for Animals. D. Save the Animals. ( ) 22. Animals are important to us mainly because . A. they give us a source of food B. they keep the balance of nature C. they are beautiful and lovely D. they give us a lot of ple
16、asure ( ) 23. What is the meaning of the underlined word multiplied in the passage? A. Turned black. B. Became less. C. Became more. D. Ate food. B Energy goes from one plant or animal to another. A food chain shows how this energy moves. Each time an animal gets eaten, its energy is passed onto the
17、 animal that eats it. The food chain is very important because it keeps the balance of nature. If one part of the food chain disappears, it can affect all the other plants and animals. Any threat to the food chain is a threat to the environments biodiversity ( 生物多样性 ). The food chain helps keep anim
18、al populations in balance. However, if something happens to increase or decrease one of the links in the food chain, that balance is broken. If one animal becomes endangered, it puts all the animals above it at risk. Some of the threats are natural, such as wildfires, hurricanes, tornados, floods an
19、d so on. But the biggest threats to the food chain come from you and me. These threats include overhunting, overfishing, logging, farming, development, pollution, etc. The food chain is endangered anywhere humans have had an effect on the natural environment. - 4 - A recent study shows that the over
20、fishing of large sharks is damaging the food chain along the US Atlantic coast. Canadian and American scientists say sharks are being killed in great numbers for their meat and fins ( 鳍 ). Now, there are not enough sharks to eat the cow nose ray ( 牛鼻鳐 ) . The rays population has increased and they h
21、ave eaten up the shellfish to the point where it has hurt commercial fishing. Many of us disturb the natural environment in our own backyards. Its up to us to take care of the environment and try not to disrupt the natural food chain. If we dont act responsibly, animals will start disappearing. ( )
22、24. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. The food chain is not easy to be broken. B. The energy of an animal usually disappears when it dies. C. Increasing the links will not break the balance of nature. D. Breaking the food chain is bad for the biodiversity of the environment. ( ) 25. The study m
23、entioned in paragraph 3 proves that . A. human activities can be a big threat to the food chain B. we are all responsible for the breaking of the food chain C. natural disasters are hard to break the food chain D. hunting large sharks for meat is beneficial ( ) 26. We can infer that the writer wrote
24、 this passage mainly to . A. explain what the food chain is B. tell us something interesting about Nature C. suggest that we stop eating meat to save animals D. suggest that we should not disrupt the natural food chain C In 1892, the Sierra Club was formed. In 1908, an area of coastal redwood trees
25、north of San Francisco was established as Muir Woods National Monument. In the Sierra Nevada mountains, a walking trail from Yosemite Valley to Mount Whitney was dedicated in 1938. It is called John Muir Trail. John Muir was born in 1838 in Scotland. His family name means moor, which is a meadow ful
26、l of flowers and animals. John loved nature from the time he was small. He also became interested in climbing rocky cliffs and walls. When John was eleven, his family moved to the United States and settled in Wisconsin. John was good with tools and soon became an inventor. He first invented a model
27、of a sawmill ( 大型锯 机 ). Later he invented an alarm clock that would cause the sleeping person to be tipped out of bed when the timer sounded. Muir left home at an early age. He took a thousand-mile walk south to the Gulf of Mexico in 1867 and 1868. Then he sailed for San Francisco. The city was too
28、noisy and crowded for Muir, so he headed inland for the Sierra Nevadas. When Muir discovered the Yosemite Valley in the Sierra Nevada, it was as if he had come home. He loved the mountains, the wildlife, and the trees. He climbed the mountains and even climbed trees during thunderstorms in order to
29、get closer to the wind. He put forth the theory in the late 1860s that the Yosemite Valley had been formed through the action of glaciers ( 冰川 ). People ridiculed him. Not until 1930 was Muirs theory proven correct. - 5 - Muir began to write articles about the Yosemite Valley to tell readers about i
30、ts beauty. His writing also warned people that Yosemite was in danger from timber mining and sheep farming interests. In 1901, Theodore Roosevelt became the President of the United States. He was interested in conservation. Muir took the President through Yosemite, and Roosevelt helped get legislati
31、on passed to create Yosemite National Park in 1906. Although Muir won many conservation battles, he lost a major one. He fought to save the Hetch Valley, which people wanted to dam ( 筑坝 ) in order to provide water for San Francisco. In the late 1913, a bill was signed to dam the valley. Muir died in
32、 1914. Some people say losing the fight to protect the valley killed Muir. ( ) 27. Which time order of the events related to Muir is correct? a. The Sierra Club was formed. b. Muir Woods National Monument was created. c. John Muir learned to climb rocky cliffs. d. John Muir walked to the Gulf of Mex
33、ico. e. The Muir family moved to the United States. A. abced B. abbad C. ceabd D. cedab ( ) 28. When did Muir invent a unique form of the alarm clock? A. While the Muir family lived in Wisconsin. B. After he sailed to San Francisco. C. After he travelled in Yosemite. D. While the family still lived
34、in Scotland. ( ) 29. What did John Muir do soon after he arrived in San Francisco? A. He wrote short stories for the local newspaper. B. He put forth a theory about how Yosemite was formed. C. He headed inland for the Sierra Nevadas. D. He began to write articles about the Sierra Nevadas. ( ) 30. Wh
35、at is NOT the deed Muir do to promote the conservation of the Yosemite Valley? A. He proved the Valley had been formed through the action of glaciers. B. He tried to tell his readers about the Valleys beauty. C. He warned Yosemite was in danger from timber mining and sheep farming. D. He won the pre
36、sidents support to create Yosemite National Park. 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有两项为多余选项） 。 Why do animals migrate? In most cases, they migrate to have the best possible living conditions all year round. Migrating birds Arctic terns ( 北极燕鸥 ) make one of the longest journe
37、ys of all. These seabirds spend the summer in the Arctic, (31) . The birds lay eggs and bear their young here. As winter approaches, the birds fly south. They fly all the way to the Antarctic, where its summer and they can find plenty of fish. (32) Its about 20,000 miles (35,000 kilometres) long. Ma
38、ny kinds of ducks, hawks, songbirds, and other birds also migrate. Caribou ( 驯鹿 ) (33) Caribou, a kind of deer, live in northern Canada in summer. They feed on the grass - 6 - on Arctic plains. In the fall, the caribou gather in large herds and migrate to forests farther south in Canada. The herds m
39、ove slowly, stopping along the way. But they may travel long distances, sometimes more than 1,900 miles (5,000 kilometres) in a year. (34) Long migrations are also common in the sea. Humpback whales spend the summer in the icy waters of the Arctic and Antarctic. There, they find plenty of shrimp-lik
40、e krill. Krill are the main food of these whales. In winter, the whales travel towards the equator to give birth in warmer waters. By the time the whales return to their summer home, their young are big enough to make the journey. Salmon are born in streams and rivers, (35) . Then they migrate to th
41、e sea. When they are ready to breed, the salmon journey back upriver. They find the stream they were born in. Here, they lay eggs and die. A. Sea journeys B. Long migrations C. Some large mammals migrate, too. D. Other flying creatures besides birds migrate, too. E. where they spend their first two
42、or three years F. Their round-trip journey takes them about six months, three months each way! G. where there are plenty of small fish to eat 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 Colourful tropical fish swim through warm water aro
43、und a coral reef. The fish are part of the coral reef 36 . Beautiful orchids ( 兰花 ) grow on trees 37 above the rainforest floor. Theyre part of the rainforest ecosystem. An ecosystem is all the 38 and non-living things in a certain area. All the plants and animals, even the 39 that live in the soil,
44、 are living parts of an ecosystem. Air, water, and rocks are non-living parts. The living things in an ecosystem are either producers or 40 . Producers dont eat other living things but make food. Trees, grasses, and other 41 plants make food. These plants are called 42 producers. Plants use non-livi
45、ng 43 nourishing substances, such as the 44 in soil and waterto help them make food. They use energy in 45 to make food. They also use carbon dioxide to make food. Consumers are animals that eat other living things. Animals that 46 eat plants are primary consumers ( 食草动物 ). Rabbits, mice, and plant-
46、eating 47 are primary consumers. Some ecosystems are 48 , and some are small. A tropical rainforest ecosystem might 49 hundreds of square miles. A mangrove ( 红树林 ) swamp ecosystem might 50 only a few miles along the shore of an island. Some changes are 51 for ecosystems. Some pine forests need fires
47、 for the pine trees to 52 . The seeds are sealed inside pinecones. The heat from a forest fire 53 the seal and lets the seeds out. - 7 - Polluting the air, soil, and water can 54 ecosystems. Building dams and irrigation can harm ecosystems around the rivers. Bulldozing ( 推平 ) wetlands and cutting do
48、wn forests 55 ecosystems. ( ) 36. A. ecosystem B. family C. species D. mass ( ) 37. A. flying B. tracking C. jumping D. towering ( ) 38. A. official B. various C. living D. harmful ( ) 39. A. microorganisms B. wildlife C. residents D. stones ( ) 40. A. mammals B. consumers C. sellers D. carriers ( )
49、 41. A. regional B. green C. global D. chief ( ) 42. A. advanced B. useful C. primary D. vital ( ) 43. A. belt B. variety C. organizations D. nutrients ( ) 44. A. frogs B. gases C. oxygen D. chemicals ( ) 45. A. food B. sunlight C. soil D. greenhouse ( ) 46. A. only B. thus C. mainly D. successfully
50、 ( ) 47. A. lions B. insects C. animals D. sharks ( ) 48. A. clever B. awkward C. huge D. entire ( ) 49. A. cover B. pollute C. benefit D. refresh ( ) 50. A. combine B. stretch C. match D. adapt ( ) 51. A. poisonous B. important C. good D. dangerous ( ) 52. A. defend B. survive C. damage D. reproduc
