1、高一下必修三 Unit2 Natural Disasters 单元测试卷 B 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Types of Fire Extinguishers(灭火器) Fire extinguishers are marked according to the kind of fire on which they should be used. Using the wrong type of extinguisher can be d
2、angerous and make things worse. Type A extinguishers are used for fires on paper, cloth, wood, rubber, many plastics and so on. These types of fires usually leave ashes when they burn, so use Type A extinguishers for fires that leave ashes. Type B extinguishers are used for burning liquids, such as
3、oil, gasoline, and paints. These substances often come in barrel- shaped(桶形的) containers, so use Type B extinguishers for such barrels. Type C extinguishers are used for electrical fires. Electricity travels in a circuit(电路), so use Type C extinguishers for circuits. Remember, A is for Ashes, B is f
4、or Barrels, and C is for Circuits. Make sure you have the correct type of fire extinguisher before you try to use it. Using a Fire Extinguisher To help you remember how to use a fire extinguisher, learn PAPS. PAPS stands for Pull, Aim, Press, and Sweep. Pull the pin(销) at the top of the extinguisher
5、 cylinder(圆筒) Aim the nozzle(喷嘴) at the base of the fire. Press the handle. Sweep the spray(喷雾) from side- to- side at the fires base until it goes_out 1. The purpose of the text is to _ A. inform B. persuade C. entertain D. comment 2. What should you do before using a fire extinguisher? A. Check wh
6、ether it is in good condition. B. Check whether you have chosen a right one. C. Make sure you have an instructor beside you. D. Make sure you have mastered the way to use one. 3. What does the underlined phrase “goes out” in the last paragraph mean? A. Becomes bigger. B. Keeps shining. C. Stops burn
7、ing. D. Leaves a building. B One of the easiest ways to stop the spread of disease is to simply wash your hands. Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can reduce illnesses and save lives. But, many people, especially children, do not have good handwashing habits. One problem is that chil
8、dren do not wash their hands often enough or long enough. Children may think that it is a tiresome thing to do. To help handle this problem, two businesswomen from India created a product to turn handwashing into a fun activity. Amanat Anand and Shubham Issar created a tool called SoaPen, aimed at t
9、eaching kids good handwashing habits and encouraging kids to wash their hands with soap appropriately and regularly. “Its such a simple habit to do, but the fact is that people arent doing it, and its resulting in actual deathswhich is shocking. So, we decided to come up with a fun method，” said Iss
10、ar. As the name suggests, SoaPen is a pen made out of soap. The children draw on their hands with the soap pen and then wash the drawing off. If they dont spend enough time washing it off, the colors remain on the childrens hands. Issar said it makes sure that children take enough time to wash their
11、 hands. This may be especially helpful in a classroom. Often a teacher does not have the time to make each child wash his hands properly. Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time because theyre drawing on their hands. To obliterate the drawing, they actually wash their hands inst
12、ead of just going under water and, you know, a one- second wash and off. Good news is that the school children in Mumbai, India, will soon most likely wash their hands after handling a pet. Issar and Anand stated that SoaPen to be created everywhere will help promote good habits through handwashing
13、in the city across the globe. 4. Why does SoaPen come into existence? A. To cure kids of some kinds of diseases. B. To teach kids the importance of soap. C. To help kids wash their hands correctly. D. To make money from children consumers. 5. Which of the following does Issar agree with? A. Handwash
14、ing is anything but little. B. SoaPen is designed for classrooms. C. Some teachers ignore kids health in school. D. Kids dont know the right way of handwashing. 6. What does “obliterate” underlined in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Show. B. Reserve. C. Learn. D. Remove. 7. What can we learn from the last para
15、graph? A. SoaPen has become popular worldwide. B. The inventors think SoaPen has a bright future. C. SoaPen has been applied in Mumbai schools. D. Kids health should be paid more attention to. C Tsunamis are one of the most terrifying natural phenomena that the world suffers. The series of waves pro
16、duced by the displacement(位移) of a large volume of water can be caused by several events, including earthquakes, underwater explosions and landslides. Once triggered(引发), a tsunami can hit the coast within minutes and its destructive power can be enormous. At present, early warning systems rely on m
17、easuring the movement of dart buoys(浮标), which record changes in the sea level, or assessing the bottom water pressure of the developing tsunami. But they require the tsunami to physically reach the measurement location. The buoys could be fixed in the deep ocean, but this requires an unrealisticall
18、y big number of buoys. Or people can fix the buoys along the shoreline, but due to the high speed of the tsunami, this method may leave no warning time for people on the land. Instead, there is a new systemusing sound waves to predict tsunamis. Sound waves caused by an earthquake can travel much fas
19、ter than the tsunami that has been triggered. Using standard underwater microphones, we can record these sound waves long before the tsunami arrives regardless of the direction in which the tsunami will travel. The sound signals come from changes in pressure, so what we actually analyze is a series
20、of data on how the pressure is changing overtime. Though buoys also show changes in pressure, the tsunami front must actually reach the buoys to inform us that there is an increase in the water surface. By using underwater microphones, however, we only need to catch the sound signals. Though the ide
21、a of using sound waves to predict tsunamis has been put forward previously, the key to our idea is a new mathematical method that can be used to analyze these recorded sound signals in near real time. Once this is worked out, we can not only warn people of a tsunami but also more accurately estimate
22、 its size long before it reaches the shoreline. 8. From Paragraph 1, we know _ A. what can trigger off tsunamis B. how to predict tsunamis effectively C. why tsunamis are the worst natural disaster D. how to protect the coastal areas from tsunamis 9. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph
23、 2 refer to? A. The dart buoys. B. The changes in the sea level. C. The changes in water pressure. D. The present early warning systems. 10. What can we infer about the new warning system from Paragraph 3? A. It has high accuracy. B. It can increase warning time. C. It can monitor changeable sea lev
24、els. D. It can adapt to various water wave conditions. 11. The general idea of the passage is about _ A. ways to guard against tsunamis B. methods of analyzing sound signals C. a new real- time tsunami warning system D. tsunamisthe most terrifying natural disaster D Imagine turning on the GPS and se
25、eing an image of your car from above. As the car drives, the map follows along in real time, informing you of any traffic, pedestrians, animals or other things nearby. Routes and names of road appear over the live stream. Its like the map has come to life. This type of map isnt available yet. But it
26、 could be very soon. In 2014, the WorldView- 3 satellite was sent into space. Even though it orbits Earth at more than 370 miles (600km) away, it can take images of objects on Earth that are just 10 inches (25cm) across. Looking all the way from outer space, it can make out a smartphone held in your
27、 hand. It can tell what types of cars are travelling down a road. But it cant identify your face or read the cars license plate numbers. According to some reports, this satellite and other US satellites have the technology to take even sharper images, with a resolution of up to around 4 inches (10cm
28、). But US law forbids making these super- sharp pictures public. But the idea that anybody might be able to spy on the entire Earth in such detail may seem scary. Live, high- detail satellite mapping could be used to keep tabs on anybody at any time, without the persons knowledge. Ray Purdy of Unive
29、rsity College London told CNN that he couldnt imagine what this could mean for privacy. “Most satellites are commercially owned, so if you have money, you can have that imagery. It means anyone can spy on anyone，” he said. At the same time, live, detailed maps of the Earths surface could aid humanit
30、y in amazing ways. Satellite images can help experts track storms as they form and chart their paths. At high detail, live maps of a disaster area could quickly reveal people in need of rescue as well as the safest routes in or out. Satellite images are already helping the police catch illegal fishi
31、ng operations. Higher detail may make it possible to catch other criminals in the act. The images could also make it easier for farmers to watch over their crops or for scientists to find minerals. Also, these images play a very important role in monitoring the health of forests and other landscapes
32、. What do you think? Would you like to see everyone accessing high- detail live maps of the Earths surface? Please share your idea with us on the website. 12. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By supposing a situation. C. By making a comparison. D. By
33、using a research finding. 13. What can the WorldView- 3 satellite do? A. Tell how a person looks. B. Identify what a pedestrian is holding. C. Help farmers sow seeds for their crops. D. Read a running cars license plate number. 14. What kind of feeling was expressed in Ray Purdys words? A. Regret. B
34、. Excitement. C. Concern. D. Sympathy. 15. Whats the best title of the passage? A. Anyone can spy on anyone B. Criminals have nowhere to hide C. More satellites into space: good or bad D. A live map of everywhere on Earth: scary or cool 第二节(共 5 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
35、 选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Being prepared and knowing the right things you have to do during the flood will give you greater chance to be safe and survive. You can have something following in mind. _16_ Finding out how long the flood is expected to last will guide you in the proper measures and prevention you h
36、ave to do. So do listen to the weather report. Dont pay attention to rumors(谣言) Prepare and keep necessary supplies that will be usable and will last long enough. Make sure that necessary items during the flood are ready. _17_ They are candles, radios, extra batteries, cash, phones, medicines, extra
37、 food, emergency cooking equipment, and bottled water, as water service may be cut off. Know the emergency numbers in your place. In case of emergency conditions where you need further help, you will be able to ask for help. _18_ Stay in a safe place. _19_ If your house is wellbuilt and wont be affe
38、cted by flood, then it may be the best place to stay in during a storm. Be aware of the flood signal in your place to help you decide on where to stay and react to the condition. The flood often comes with the strong wind so board up and close windows. _20_ A. Know about the latest weather condition
39、s in your area. B. Well keep you updated with weather information all day. C. Important items to prepare for that will help you survive. D. You can dial 911 or communicate with the right department. E. Do check everything that might be blown away or turn loose. F. Stay away from lowlying places whic
40、h may be swept away by storm waves. G. Run down to the sea as quickly as possible even if further flooding is likely to occur. 16. _ 17. _ 18. _ 19. _ 20. _ 第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选择中，选出最佳选项。 For a long time I saw happiness as a huge banne
41、r(旗帜) across the finish line of a long race. I felt that only when I _21_ certain things could I finally be happy in my life. Most of the time I felt like a tortoise believing that being slow and _22_ would win the race. At other times I would _23_ like a rabbit trying different side roads at a dang
42、erous speed hoping to reach that banner a little faster. _24_， I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it, the banner was never any _25_. I finally decided to sit down and take a break. It was then that I saw my _26_ sitting beside me. It had been with me as I _27_ hard to support my
43、family, as I played with my children and heard their laughter and even when I was _28_ with my wife at my side looking after me. It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner. I just didnt have the _29_ to see it. There is an old Chinese proverb that says, “Tension is who you think you s
44、hould be. _30_ is who you are.” Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the _31_ life we think we should have and _32_ the life we have now. Happiness will never be found under some banners far away. It will be found in your own heart, soul and mind. It will be found when you _33_ that others lo
45、ve you just as you do. Dont be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness. Be a playful puppy and carry your stick of _34_ with you everywhere you go. Take yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness, you are _35_ there. 21. A. forgot B. missed C. overca
46、me D. accomplished 22. A. safe B. steady C. calm D. quiet 23. A. act B. run C. jump D. walk 24. A. Generally B. Gradually C. Fortunately D. Firstly 25. A. clearer B. lower C. closer D. smaller 26. A. happiness B. goal C. success D. friendship 27. A. studied B. fought C. exercised D. worked 28. A. lo
47、nely B. tired C. sick D. hungry 29. A. courage B. chance C. wisdom D. strength 30. A. Stress B. Relaxation C. Failure D. Pain 31. A. real B. perfect C. common D. ordinary 32. A. enjoy B. change C. improve D. create 33. A. realize B. believe C. hope D. admit 34. A. sorrow B. responsibility C. fortune
48、 D. joy 35. A. never B. still C. already D. ever 第二节(共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文， 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 在空格处填入一个适当的 词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 A penguin from New Zealand that washed up on a beach in Australia, after a journey of 1， 550 miles, is about to start its trip home. On 10 July, the Fiordland pe
49、nguin (36)_ (find) near the mouth of the Kennett River on the south- eastern coast of Australia. Fiordland penguins rarely appear in Australia because it is usually too far for them to swim. They spend most of their time (37)_ New Zealands South Island and surrounding smaller islands. The underweight penguin was taken to Melbourne Zoo (38)_ staff could look after it. At first, it was so ill (39)_ it could not eat, so keepers had to handfeed it with a mixture of nutrien
