1、词汇例句大全词汇例句大全 必修第三册必修第三册 M3 M3 U1 U1 Nature in the balanceNature in the balance 1. harm /hm/ n. & vt. 伤害，损害 (1) 辨析：辨析： 用用 damage、hurt 还是还是 harm？ （1）以上各词均可指对人的伤害。 （2） 某种行为或决定有损人或国家的机会、 前景、 利益、 声誉或形象可用 damage/hurt/harm。 （3）hurt 较非正式，用于否定句时尤其如此： 练习：练习： (1)It wont _him to have to wait a bit.等上一会儿对他无妨。 (2
2、)It wont_him to have to wait a bit. 答案：（1）hurt (2) damage/harm （4）harm 亦常用于自然界中的事物（如野生生物和环境）受到人类活动的影响。 单词精炼：单词精炼： （1）His only thought was to keep the boy from _. 他一心想的就是不要让这男孩受到伤害。 （2）She could not believe that he wished her _. 她不能相信他希望她受到伤害。 （3）The treatment they gave him did him more_ than good. 他
3、们的治疗对他弊多于利。 （4）The court case will do serious _ to my business. 这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。 （5）He may look fierce, but he means no _. 他可能看上去很凶，但并无恶意。 （6）He may say no, but theres no _ in asking. 他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。 （7）Hard work never did anyone any _. 努力工作对任何人都绝无害处。 （8）He would never frighten anyone or cause them a
4、ny _. 他永远不会吓唬或伤害任何人。 （9）Dont worry, well see that the children come to no _. 别担心，我们会保证孩子们安然无恙的。 答案：（1）（9）harm 2. soil /sl/ n. 土壤；国土，领土，土地 (1) 辨析辨析： ground 为通用词，指建筑物或车辆外的地面。 如果重点是构成大地的岩石、土壤等可用 earth 表示，不过 ground 亦可用于此义。 land 只在与海对比时使用： 单词精炼：单词精炼： (1) poor/dry/acid/sandy/fertile _ 贫瘠、干旱、酸性、沙质、肥沃等的土壤 (
5、2) It was the first time I had set foot on African _. 那是我第一次踏上非洲大地。 (3) I dont want you_ your hands with this sort of work (= doing sth unpleasant or wrong) . 我不希望你干这种事，免得脏了你的手。 答案：（1）soil (2)soil (3)soiling 3. ecosystem /iksstm/ n. 生态系统 (2) 单词精炼： (1)Madagascars _ range from rainforest to semi-deser
6、t. 马达加斯加生态系统类型多样，从雨林到半荒漠等不一而足。 （2）The _ will be thrown out of whack. 生态系统将会失去平衡 （3）This unique _ may soon be under pressure. 这个独特的生态系统可能很快就会面临压力。(六级真题- 2017 年 12 月 3 卷 阅读 A) （4）A decade ago, this islands_ was in chaos. 十年前，这座岛屿的生态系统陷入混乱。六级真题- 2018 年 12 月 1 卷 短文填空 （5）More than a decade later, there w
7、as no sign of the _ re-building itself. 十多年后，这一生态系统也没有一丝自我复原的迹象。六级真题- 2016 年 6 月 1 卷 信息匹 配 （6） Managing _ sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them, according to the Millen nium Ecosystem Assessment. 根据千禧年生态系统评估报告， 对生态系统进行可持续的管理和开发远比过度开发它更有效 益。六级真题- 2016 年 6 月 1 卷 信息匹配 答案：（1） ecosystems (2
8、) ecosystem (3) ecosystem (4)ecosystem (5) ecosystem (6) ecosystems 4. overseas /vsiz/ adj. 海外的，国外的 adv. 向（在）海外，向（在）国外 (2) adj. 海外的，国外的 He has returned to South Africa from his long overseas trip. 他结束了漫长的海外旅行回到南非。 adv. 向（在）海外，向（在）国外 （1）If youre staying for more than three months or working overseas,
9、 a full 10-year passport is required.在国外工作或居留 3 个月以上，需要持 10 年期的护照。 （2）Much of the investment was overseas. 大部分均为海外投资。 5. region /ridn/ n. 地区，区域；行政区 (2) 谚语：谚语： in the region of （表示不确切的数字等）大约，差不多 used when you are giving a number, price, etc. to show that it is not exact 同义词： approximately He earns so
10、mewhere in the region of 50 000. 他大约赚 5 万欧元。 . 例句库： （1）We divide into pairs and each pair takes a region 我们分成两人一组，每一组负责一个区域。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 （2）Residents have been told to stay away from the region where the ship was grounded 居民们被告知不要靠近船只搁浅的区域。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 （3）No new SARS cases have been reported in th
11、e region. 该区没有新增非典型肺炎病例。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 （4）This region is the home of many species of wild flower. 这个地区有很多种类的野花。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 (5) The region produces over 50% of the countrys wheat. 这个地区出产全国 50%以上的小麦。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 6. continent /kntnnt/ n. 大陆，陆地；洲 (2) the continent of Africa 非洲大陆 the African continent 非洲大陆 7. m
12、illion /mljn/ n. 一百万；许多，大量 (2) （1）She wished herself a million miles away. 她恨不得自己远在百万英里之外。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 （2）Unemployment is rapidly approaching the one million mark. 失业人数正迅速逼近百万大关。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 （3）Id never have thought of that in a million years. 我永远也想不出这个主意。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 8. length /le/ n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅， （
13、电影）片长 (2) （1）at length 长时间；详尽地 He quoted at length from the report. 他大段大段地引用报告中的话。 We have already discussed this matter at great length. 我们已经十分详尽地讨论了这个问题。 （2）at length (literary) 经过一段长时间以后；最后 Im still not sure, he said at length. “我还是没把握。”他最后说道。 （3）go to any, some, great, etc. lengths (to do sth) 竭
14、尽全力；不遗余力 She goes to extraordinary lengths to keep her private life private. 她竭尽全力让自己的私生活不受干扰。 （4）the length and breadth of 到处；处处；各地 They have travelled the length and breadth of Europe giving concerts. 他们为举行音乐会走遍了欧洲各地。 （5）keep sb at arms length 与某人保持距离；不亲近某人 He keeps all his clients at arms length.
15、 他不与任何委托人过分亲密。 例句库： （1）Her novels vary in length.她的小说篇幅长短不一。 （2）This room is twice the length of the kitchen. 这个房间的长度是厨房的两倍。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 （3）Its apparently rare for anyone to have two legs the same length 显然，一个人两条腿的长度完全相同的情况是很少见的。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 9. biodiversity /badavsti/ n. 生物多样性 (2) （1）Biodiversity was
16、 the buzzword of the Rio Earth Summit. 生物多样性是里约热内卢地球峰会上的时髦词儿。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 （2）Their commitment was only to maintain the extent of forests, not their biodiversity. 他们仅承诺维持现有森林面积，并不保证林区生物的多样性。 柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词 典 10. species /spiiz/ n. (pl. species) 种，物种 (2) 例句库：例句库： There are no fewer than 100 different s
17、pecies in the area. 这个地区有不少于 100 个的不同物种。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 The map shows the distribution of this species across the world. 地图上标明了这一物种在全世界的分布情况。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 There are about 30 000 species of fish in the world. 世界上约有 3 万种鱼。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 11. nut /nt/ n. 坚果 (3) to crack a nut (= open it) 破开坚果 a Brazil nut 巴西果 a haz
18、elnut 榛子 nuts and raisins 果仁和葡萄干 12. brazil nut 巴西坚果 (3) 13. lily /lli/ n. 百合（花） (3) 14. water lily 睡莲 (3) 15. variety /vrati/ n. 不同种类；变化，多样 性；变种，变体 (3) （1）There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from. 有种类繁多的图案可供选择。 （2）He resigned for a variety of reasons. 他由于种种原因辞职了。 （3）This tool can be used
19、in a variety of ways. 这一工具有多种用途。 （4）I was impressed by the variety of dishes on offer. 所供应的菜肴之丰盛让我心动。 （5）We all need variety in our diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化。 （6）We want more variety in our work. 我们希望我们的工作多变点儿花样。 （7）Apples come in a great many varieties. 苹果的品种繁多。 （8）a rare variety of orchid 兰花的稀有品种 （9）differ
20、ent varieties of English 各类英语 （10）My cooking is of the quick and simple variety. 我做饭菜属于既快捷又简单的那一类。 16. wildlife /waldlaf/ n. 野生动植物，野生生物(3) （1）Development of the area would endanger wildlife. 开发这一地区将会危及野生生物。 （2）a wildlife habitat/sanctuary 野生动物栖息地 / 保护区 17. beneath /bni/ prep. 在下面，在下 方；配不上 (3) （1）The
21、y found the body buried beneath a pile of leaves. 他们发现尸体被埋在一堆树叶下面。 （2）The boat sank beneath the waves. 小船被大浪吞没了。 （3）He considers such jobs beneath him. 他觉得这种工作有失他的身份。 （4）They thought she had married beneath her (= married a man of lower social status) . 他们认为她下嫁了（嫁给了地位比她低的人）。 18. mass /ms/ n. 大量；团，块，
22、堆；一大群 adj. 大批的，广泛的 (3) （1）a mass of snow and rocks falling down the mountain 从山上滚下来的一堆积雪和石块 （2）The hill appeared as a black mass in the distance. 远远地看去，那座山是黑魆魆一片。 （3）The sky was full of dark masses of clouds. 天空中乌云密布。 （4）a mass of blonde hair 一头金发 （5）I began sifting through the mass of evidence. 我开始
23、认真筛选大量的证据。 （6）I struggled through the mass of people to the exit. 我在人群里挤来挤去，挤到了出口处。 （7）The page was covered with a mass of figures. 纸上写满了密密麻麻的数字。 19. towering /tar/ adj. 高大的，高耸的； 出色的 (3) 例句库： （1）towering cliffs 高耸的悬崖 （2）a towering performance 出色的表演 （3）a towering rage 勃然大怒 20. hardwood /hdwd/ n. 阔叶树；
24、硬材（阔叶 树的木材） (3) （1）The easiest way to propagate a vine is to take hardwood cuttings 栽培葡萄最简便的方法就是硬条扦插。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 （2）They bore the oblong hardwood box into the kitchen and put it on the table. 他们把那个长方形的硬木箱抬进厨房，放到桌上。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 （3）A Persian rug covered the hardwood floors. 硬木地板上铺着一张波斯地毯。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学
25、习词典 21. living /lv/ adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 n. 生计，谋生；生活方式 (3) all living things 所有生物 living organisms 活的机体 the finest living pianist 當世的最杰出的钢琴家 living languages (= those still spoken) 现用语言 a living faith 仍有人信奉的信仰 22. mammal /mml/ n. 哺乳动物 (3) Most native mammal species have been severely depleted. 大多数本地哺乳动物
26、的数量都已经大大减少了。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 Its hairy body suggests a mammal. 它毛茸茸的身体表明它是哺乳动物。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 A whale is a kind of mammal. 鲸是一种哺乳动物。汉英大词典 The sea otter is a rare and valuable mammal. 海獭是一种稀珍的哺乳动物。 Its the fastest-ever recovery of a mammal, joining peers like the Louisiana black bear as glowing s uccesse
27、s in the history of the Endangered Species Act. 在被拯救的诸多哺乳动物中， 岛屿灰狐是恢复最快的一个种群， 和路易斯安那黑熊等一起成 为濒危物种法保护历史上最瞩目的成功案例。 23. jaguar /dju(r)/ n. 美洲豹，美洲虎 (3) 24. survive /svav/ vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难 (3) She was the last surviving member of the family. 她是这家人中仅存的一员。 Of the six people injured in the crash, only t
28、wo survived. 因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。 Some strange customs have survived from earlier times. 有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。 I cant survive on 40 a week (= it is not enough for my basic needs) . 一星期 40 英镑，我无法维持生活。 He survived as party leader until his second election defeat. 直至第二次参选失败他才不再担任党的领导人。 (humorous) How ar
29、e you these days? Oh, surviving. “你近来好吗？”“嗐，凑合过吧。” Dont worry, its only a scratchyoull survive. 别担心，只不过是划伤，你没事的。 25. frog /fr/ n. 蛙，青蛙 (3) 26. in turn 相应地，转而 (3) 27. insect /nsekt/ n. 昆虫 (3) . The insects wings are almost transparent. 这昆虫的翅膀几乎是透明的。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 Honeybees use one of the most sophisticat
30、ed communication systems of any insect. 蜜蜂之间所用的交流方式是昆虫中最为复杂的方式之一。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 The roof timbers were affected by rot and insect attack. 屋顶的木料已经腐朽并遭虫害。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 She scratched at the insect bites on her arm. 她挠了挠胳膊上虫咬的包。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 Many kinds of insect find their mates by scent. 许多昆虫通过气味找到交配对象。柯林斯高阶英汉
31、双解学习词典 28. microorganism /makrgnzm/ n. 微生物 (3) Research Advances on the Factors Influencing the Activity of Soil Microorganism 土壤微生物活性影响因子的研究进展 Gene engineering techniques have been widely used in construction of microorganism. 基因工程已广泛地应用于微生物的菌种改造与构建。 Quality Education in Experimental Teaching of Cl
32、inical Microorganism Laboratory 临床微生物学检验实验教学素质教育的探讨 Microorganism is an important factor that influence the safety of the food. 微生物是危害食品质量安全的重要因素。 Study on Using Technology of Feeding Compound Microorganism Preparation 饲用复合微生物制剂的使用技术研究 29. break down 使分解（为），使变化（成） (3) 30. nutrient /njutrint/ n. 营养素，
33、营养物 (3) a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏 Plants draw minerals and other nutrients from the soil. 植物从土壤中吸取矿物质和其他养分。 children suffering from a serious nutrient deficiency 严重缺乏营养的儿童 31. breathe life into 给带来起色， 注入活力 (3) . It is the readers who breathe life into a newspaper with their letters. 是读者通
34、过来信给报纸带来了生气。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 We need some new people to breathe life into this project. 我们需要一些新鲜血液给该项目注入活力。 A teacher should try to breathe life into her subject. 教师应设法使自己的课富有生气。 Create, grow, and breathe life into your ideal urban environment. 建设、扩展和在你设计的理想城市环境中享受生命。 32. carbon /kbn/ n. 碳 (3) 33. oxyg
35、en /ksdn/ n. 氧，氧气 (3) 34. thus / s/ adv. 因此，从而；这样 (3) 35. disappear /dsp(r)/ vi. 不复存在， 灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪 (3) The plane disappeared behind a cloud. 飞机消失在云层里。 Lisa watched until the train disappeared from view . 莉萨一直看着火车从视线中消失。 Her nervousness quickly disappeared once she was on stage. 她一走上台紧张情绪便迅速消失了。 The
36、problem wont just disappear. 这个问题不会就这样不了了之的。 Our countryside is disappearing at an alarming rate. 我们的农村地区正在以惊人的速度消亡。 36. due /dju/ to 由于，因为 (3) 37. agriculture /rklt(r)/ n. 农业，农学 (3) Nowhere is the effect of government policy more apparent than in agriculture. 政府的政策对农业的影响最为显著。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 The number o
37、f people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade. 过去十年，农业从业人数已经下降。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 A proportion of the land is used for agriculture. 一部分土地作农用。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 This poses a threat to a
38、griculture and the food chain, and consequently to human health. 这会对农业和食物链造成威胁，由此而危及人的健康。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 38. cattle /ktl/ n. 牛 (3) 39. impact /mpkt/ n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 /mpkt/ vi. & vt. 有影响；冲击 (3) 40. extinction /kstkn/ n. 灭绝，绝种 (3) An operation is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from extincti
39、on. 一项努力拯救一个鳄鱼物种、使其免于灭绝的行动已经开始。 The loggers say their jobs are faced with extinction because of declining timber sales. 伐木工人说由于木材销量下降，他们的工作恐不复存在。 41. damage /dmd/ vt. & n. 损害，伤害， 损坏，破坏 serious/severe/extensive/permanent/minor damage 重大的 / 严重的 / 大范围的 / 永久性的 / 轻微的损坏 brain/liver etc. damage 脑损伤、肝损伤等 fi
40、re/smoke/bomb/storm damage 火灾损失；烟雾熏坏；炸弹毁坏；暴风雨破坏 The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $6 million. 地震造成大约 600 万元的财产损失。 The storm didnt do much damage . 暴风雨并未造成严重损失。 Lets take a look at the damage. 让我们看看损失情况吧。 I insist on paying for the damage. 我坚持要赔偿损失。 Make sure you insure your camer
41、a against loss or damage. 一定要给你的照相机投保，以防丢失或损坏。 42. climate /klamt/ n. 气候；倾向，风气 (5) the present political climate 当前的政治气候 the current climate of opinion (= what people generally are thinking about a particular issue) 目前的舆论倾向 a climate of suspicion/violence 怀疑 / 暴力的风气 We need to create a climate in wh
42、ich business can prosper. 我们需要创造一个有利于生意兴隆的环境气氛。 43. build up 逐渐增加，扩大 (5) It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again. 可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 He stumped around the country trying to build up support. 他在全国各地巡回演讲，争取更多的支持。牛津高阶英汉双解词典 The body is stimulated to build up resistance.
43、刺激身体以增强抵抗力。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 Carbon dust and oil build up in large motors and cause them to short-circuit 碳尘和燃油在大发动机里越积越多，造成了发动机短路。 44. global /lbl/ adj. 全球的；全面的 (6) global issues 全球性问题 The commission is calling for a global ban on whaling. 委员会要求全球禁止捕鲸。 the companys domestic and global markets 这家公司在国内外的
44、销售市场 We need to take a more global approach to the problem. 我们需要更全面地看这个问题。 global searches on the database 在数据库中的全程检索 They sent a global email to all staff. 他们向全体职员发了一封统一的电邮。 45. greenhouse /rinhas/ n. 温室，暖房 (6) The greenhouse effect is well and truly with us. 我们完全处于温室效应中。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 Best results
45、are obtained by starting the plants off in a warm greenhouse. 要想取得最理想的结果，一开始就应该让植株在温暖的温室里生长。 柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 Measure the floor area of the greenhouse and divide it by six. 量一下温室的建筑面积再将它除以 6。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 Methane is often regarded as the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. 甲烷常被认为
46、是仅次于二氧化碳的重要温室气体。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 The specific impact of the greenhouse effect is unknowable. 温室效应的具体影响无法知道。柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典 46. gas /s/ n. 气体；煤气；汽油 (6) a gas cooker/fire/furnace/oven/ring/stove 煤气灶；煤气取暖器；煤气锅炉；煤气烤箱；煤气灶火圈；煤气炉 a gas explosion/leak 气体爆炸；煤气泄漏 gas central heating 燃气中央供暖系统 47. drought /drat/ n.
47、旱灾，久旱 (6) Drought and famines have killed up to two million people here. 旱灾和饥荒夺去了这里 200 万人的生命。 48. come up with 想出，想到 (6) 49. call for （公开）要求；需要 (6) 50. application /plken/ n. 应用，运用；申请 (6) a planning/passport application 规划 / 护照申请 His application to the court for bail has been refused. 他向法庭申请保释遭到拒绝。
48、 an application for membership/a loan/a licence 会籍 / 贷款 / 执照申请 an application form (= a piece of paper on which to apply for sth) 申请表 Further information is available on application to the principal. 申请书请交校长，届时将提供详情。 51. brochure /br(r)/ n. 小册子 (6) 52. organization /nazen/ n. 组织，团体； 组织工作；安排；条理 (7) 5
49、3. absolutely /bslutli/ adv. 绝对地，完全 地；极其 (7) Jill is absolutely right. 吉尔完全正确。 54. belt /belt/ n. 地带，地区；腰带；传送带 (7) 55. medal /medl/ n. 奖章，勋章 (7) 56. image /md/ n. 形象；图像；意象 (8) 57. shark /k/ n. 鲨鱼 (8) 58. spring to mind 突然记起（或想到） (8) His name doesnt spring to mind immediately. 他的名字没有立即出现在脑海中。 Two broad predictions spring to mind. 我脑海中闪现了两个宽泛的预测。 Certainly the word magnificent does not immediately spring to mind these are docile looking animals. 当然，“高贵”这个词不会立即浮现在脑海
