1、unit4 words and expressions 一、words and expressions 1._ n.字航员;太空人 2._ n.程序;步票;手续 3._ adj.精神的;思想的 _adj身体上的 4.cm abbr. (centimetre or centimeter)厘米 5._ adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的_n. 智力；才智，智慧 6. _ n.火箭;火箭弹 7._ n.重力;引力 8. _n.边境;国界;边远地区 9._ n.交通工具;车辆 10._ n.宇宙;天地万物 11._ adj.有决心的;意志坚定的 _ vt.查明;确定;决定_n. 决心；果断；测定 as
2、tronaut procedure mental physical intelligent intelligence rocket gravity frontier vehicle universe determined determine determination 12._ n.人造卫星;卫星 13._ vt.发起:上市 14._ n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围v.环绕.运行 15._ adj,巨大的:伟大的n.巨人;巨兽;伟人 16._ n.跳跃;剧增:剧变(leapt, leapt or leaped, leaped)vi.跃过 17._ n.人类 18._ n. (政
3、府的) 丏门机构;服务机构;代理处 _ n. 代理人，代理商adj. 代理的 19._ vt.发送 20._ n. pL.资料;数据 21._ adj.失望的;沮丧的 22._ n.渴望;欲望vt.渴望;期望 satellite launch orbit giant leap mankind agency agent transmit data disappointed desire 23._ _继续做，坚持干 24._ adj.持续存在的;仍在进行的;不断发展的 _adj. 对人友好的，开朗的 25._在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上 26._ adj.独立地;自立地 _ adj. 独立的;自
4、立的_n. 独立性，自立性； 27._ /speskr:ft/n.航天器;宇宙飞船 28._ n.太空行走;太空行走的时间 28._ n.玉;翡翠;玉器 30._ vi. (使）.进港 n.码头;船坞 31._ vt. 标明;发信号n.信号;标志 32._抢着.的希望 33._ 为了;以便 carry on ongoing outgoing on board independently independent independence spacecraft spacewalk jade dock signal in the hope of doing sth so as to （do sth）
5、 34._ vt.回收利用;再利用 34._ n.肌肉;实力;影响力 35._ n.缺乏;短缺vt. 没有;缺乏_adj. 缺乏的，不足的；没有的 36._ vi.浮劢;漂流;漂浮vt.使浮劢;使漂流 37._ adv.否则;要不然 37._ prep.在更远处;超出 38._ adj.太阳的;太阳能的 _太阳系;类太阳系 39._ adj.当前的;现在的n.水流;电流;思潮 40._弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白 41._ adj.足够的;充足的_n. 足量，充足 42._ n.肥皂 43._ n.毛巾;抹布 44._ n. ( also microwave oven )微波炉 45._n. 纸巾;
6、( 人、劢植物细胞的)组织 recycle muscle lack lacking float otherwise beyond solar solar system current figure out sufficient sufficiency soap towel microwave tissue 46._ n.设施;设备 47._adj.热衷的;渴望的_喜爱;渴望;喜欢 48._ n.地球;世界;地球仪_adj. 全球的；总体的 49._ vt. 争辩;争论 _n.争论;争吵;论点 50._ adj.致命的;灾难性的 51._ adj.肤浅的;浅的 52._n.模式;图案;模范 53
7、._ n. (pl. analyses ) (对事物的)分析;分析结果 _vt. 分析；分解；细察 54._所以;结果(是)_原因是，由于 55._ adj.高端的 facility keen be keen on globe global argue argument fatal shallow pattern analysis analyse as a result as a result of high-end 56._ n.监视器;监测仪 vt.监视;监测;监控 57._ adv.经常;定期地 _adj.定期的;经常的;正常的 58._n.泡沫橡胶;泡沫 59._ n.枕头 60._n
8、.智能手机 61._n.资源;财力:物力 62._ adj.有限的_ vt. 限制；限定n. 限制；限度 63._提供生活所需 64._ adj.结尾的;结束的 n.停业;关闭:倒闭 _最后 65._ n.神秘事物;谜_adj. 神秘的；不可思议的 66._用完;耗尽_用完;耗尽;用尽 monitor regularly regular foam pillow smartphone resource limited limit provide for sb closing in closing mystery mysterious run out run out of 67._ vt.系;绑;
9、贴 _强调.的重要性 68._ n.氧;氧气 69.Sputnik 1 “旅伴一号”(苏联发射的人类第一 颗人造卫星) 70.the USSR abbr. the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics苏联 71.Yuri Gagarin 尤里.加加林(苏联宇航员) 72.Neil Armstrong 尼尔阿姆斯特朗( 美国宇航员) 73.NASA abbr. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (美国)国家航空与航天尿 74.Voyager 1“旅行者一 号” 75.Soyuz 11“联盟11号” 74.
10、Challenger “挑战者”国际空间站号航天飞机 75.the International Space Station Jade Rabbit“玉兔”月球车 76.Mars 火星 77.Jupiter n.木星 78.Typhoon Goni台风天鹅 GPS abbr global positioning system 全球(卫星)定位系统 attach attach importance to oxygen . 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1. transmit _(数据) 2. make everyone _(失望的) 3. the _(欲望) to explore the un
11、iverse 4. offer some true _ (独立的) advice 5. _ (标志着) the progress of mankind 6.When robots become extremely _（intelligence）one day， what will happen to our earth? 7. Long years of civil war in that African country affected peoples _health.（身心健康）. 8. In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher clo
12、sed his book，it was _ signal for everyone to stand up. data disappointed desire independent signal intelligent physical and mental a . 选词填空 focus on, carry on, in the hope of, be determined to, dock with, lead to, on board, make progress 1. People believe in the importance of _ space exploration. 2.
13、 There are lots of astronauts from different countries _. carrying on on board 3. Mankind is exploring the space _ finding out more about the universe. 4. It can _ an accident that kills everyone on the large aircraft. 5. However, some scientists _ help humans realize their dream. in the hope of lea
14、d to are determined to 6. China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to _it. 7. Chinas space programme started late, but it has _in a short time. 8. At that time the USSR _sending people into space. dock with made progress focused on 核心词汇解析 1. determine vt. 查明; 确定; 决定 *My aim
15、was first of all to determine what I should do next. 我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。 *(2019 天津高考)Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. 在天知道什么动机的驱使下, 他决定写一本书。 *His enemies are determined to ruin him. 他的敌人决意要毁了他。【语块积累】 (1)determine to do sth. 决心做某事 (2)determined adj. 有决心的, 意志坚定的 be
16、determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 be determined that. . . 决心 (3)determination n. 决定, 确定 【即学活用】 (1)用determine的适当形式填空 The outcome of this election will be _ by the votes and by the law. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and _. We are _ to rescue his two countrymen. (4)(2019 天津高考)We _our training
17、 should keep pace with the current development in education. determined determination determined are determined that 2. disappointed adj. 失望的; 沮丧的 *(2018 全国卷) The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down. 城市里挤满了失望的人们, 他们不想在这里定居。 *Adamski says he was very disappoint
18、ed with the mayors decision. 阿达姆斯基说他对市长的决定非常失望。 I am disappointed in myself when I think of how much time Ive wasted. 当想到我浪费了多少时间时, 我对自己感到失望。 *You must be disappointed at losing the chance. 失去这次机会, 你肯定很失望。 【语块积累】 (1)be disappointed at 对失望 be disappointed in sb. 对某人感到失望 (2)disappoint vt. 使失望 (3)disap
19、pointment n. 失望; 沮丧 to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是 (4)disappointing adj. 令人失望的; 令人扫兴的 【知识延伸】 (1)现在分词作形容词时通常具有主动关系, 多形容客观事物 体现在外的性质, 其修饰对象往往是物, 其意思是: 令人的。 (2)过去分词作形容词时往往具有被动关系, 多形容人或物的 情绪或感受, 其意思是: 感到。 Thank you for sharing this inspiring story with us. 感谢您与我们分享这个令人鼓舞的故事。 After a conversation with hi
20、m one would feel inspired and warm at heart. 经过与他的一番交谈, 人们能感受到发自心底的鼓舞与温暖。 【即学活用】语法填空 (1)To my _(disappoint), they refused my request. (2)We were all disappointed _ the news that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain. (3)My parents will be disappointed _ me if I fail to get the master degree.
21、(4)The author feels _(disappoint) about the solutions to problem of robocalls. disappointment at in disappointed 3. desire n. 渴望; 欲望 vt. 渴望; 期望 *(2019 江苏高考)If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. 如果你想参加体育运动, 你可以选择从游泳到骑马等活动。 *They desire to help tho
22、se who are in need of help. 他们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人。 *She desires him to solve this problem. 她渴望他能解决这个问题。 *She desires that he (should) stay with her. 她渴望他跟她待在一起。 *Do you have an intense desire for truth and honesty? 你是否对真相、诚实有极强的渴望? 【语块积累】 (1)desire to do 渴望做 desire sb. to do 希望某人做 desire that. . . 希望(从句中用s
23、hould do结构, should可以省略) (2)a desire for sth. 渴望 (3)desirable adj. 令人满意的; 值得要的 desired adj. 渴望的; 想得到的 【即学活用】 (1)She has _success. 她渴望成功。 (2 )The people expressed their desire that the war _soon. 人民表达了早日结束战争的愿望。 a desire for should come to an end (3)What they did achieved _. 他们所做的取得了预期的效果。 the desired
24、 effect 4. lack n. 缺乏; 短缺 vt. 没有; 缺乏 *(2019 全国卷)This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. 这就是动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。 *Despite his lack of experience, he got the job. 尽管缺乏经验, 他还是得到了那份工作。 *The charges were dropped for lack of evidence. 由于缺少证据, 起诉被撤销了。 *I think you lack in the power of decision. 我认为你缺乏决断
25、力。 【语块积累】 (1)(a)lack of 没有, 缺乏; 不足, 不够 for lack of 因缺乏; 因缺少; 因没有 lack in=be lacking in 缺少 (2)lacking adj. 缺乏的; 没有的; 不足的 【名师点津】 lack作及物动词时, 不能用于被动语态。形容词 lacking不用于名词前。 【即学活用】 (1)He _courage to do the work. 他缺乏做那项工作的勇气。 (2) _could put the birds health at risk. 缺乏睡眠会危害鸟的健康。 (3)They did not close _custo
26、mers. 他们不是因为缺少顾客才关门的。 is lacking in Lack of sleep for lack of 5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. 1961年4月12日, 尤里 加加林成 为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 【句式解构】 本句中the+序数词+n. +to do 表示第几个做某事的。 不定式所修饰的名词或代词前面常有only, first, last, next 或序数词、形容词最高级等修饰。 *I am always the fi
27、rst person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到达办公室的人。 *He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来, 最后一个走。 【即学活用】 (1)He is the best person _. 他是出国的最佳人选。 (2)She is the only woman _the key university. 她是唯一被这所重点大学录取的女性。 to go abroad to be admitted into 6. These disasters made everyone sad a
28、nd disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望, 但探索宇宙的欲望从未消失。 【句式解构】 (1)句中made everyone sad and disappointed是make 的复合结构, 即make+宾语+宾语补足语; 其中形容 词sad and disappointed作宾语补足语。 (2)make的复合结构如下: make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事 *Our English teacher often makes us retell the te
29、xts. 我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文。 make sb. /sth. done (过去分词)使某人或某事被 常用于make oneself known/heard/understood. . . *Its too noisy. I cant make my voice heard. 太吵了, 我不能让别人听到我的声音。 make sb. /sth. doing使某人或某事一直做 *He makes the boy standing there all the time. 他让那个男孩一直站在那儿。 make +sb. /sth. +adj. 使某人或某事(变得) *She knew th
30、at these solutions were not going to make me happy. 她知道这些解决办法不会让我高兴。 make +sb. /sth. +n. 让某人或某物成为 *They all want to make Jim their monitor. 他们都想让吉姆当班长。 【即学活用】 (1)语法填空 She fears more guns on the streets will make things _(bad). He raised his voice in order to make himself _(understand). worse underst
31、ood (2)Mary tried to _(留我们吃晚 饭). (3)He believes that the system will _ _(让他成为一名更好的医生). make us stay for supper make him a better doctor 课堂达标课堂达标 .单词拼写 1.People could hear on radio and television the talk between the _ (宇航员) and the flight controllers. 2.Proper physical and _ (精神的) exercise can incre
32、ase your chances for health and wealth. astronaut mental 3.The _ (卫星) enables us to calculate their precise location anywhere in the world. 4.All glass bottles which cant be refilled can be _ (回收利用). 5.Time is your most valuable _ (资源)，especially in examinations. 6.A fresh egg will sink and an old e
33、gg will _ (漂浮). 7.Going away to college has made me much more _ (独立自主的). 8.The details of todays flights are displayed on the _ (显示屏). satellite recycled resource float independent monitor .单句语法填空 1.Its difficult to meet the demands of my job and the desire _ (be) a good father. 2.He was studying in
34、 the hope of _ (admit) to an engineering college. 3.Judging from his conduct，I assume he is _ (lack) in education. 4.He tried to be not involved in this endless _ (argue). to be being admitted lacking argument 5.Millions of people are threatened with starvation as a result _ drought and poor harvest
35、s. 6.He _ (regular) drove from his home to his place of employment. 7.Young children have a _ (limit) attention span and cant concentrate on one activity for very long. 8.For further information，please contact us on the _ (attach) form. of regularly limited attached .补全句子 1.I have to work hard _ (过正
36、常的生活) but it has been worth it. 2._ (为了使之更容易) to get in touch with us，youd better keep this card at hand. 3.I stopped the car _ (为了短暂休息一下) as I was feeling tired. 4.We turned the lights off _ (为了不浪费电). 5._(为了在晚上保持温暖)，I would fill the woodstove， then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. to live a normal life To make it easier to take a short break in order not to waste electricity To stay warm at night
