人教版（新起点）六下英语Unit 5 Nature and Culture-Lesson 2-ppt课件-(含教案+素材)--(编号：e2df9).zip

Unit5 Culture Unit5 Culture Chinese traditional FestivalChinese traditional Festival Spring Festival Cuiwei Primary School 武 琰 Spring Festival Q1: What is Nian? Q2: What was Nian afraid of? Q3: Now what things do instead of (代替) the color of red, the light and the sound? 春节的起源 Origin: 春节的起源 Origin: Its said that in ancient times, our ancestors have suffered a lot from a very dangerous animal “Nian” in Chinese (literally means “Year”) 相传在远古时候，我们的祖先曾遭受一 种最凶猛的野兽的威胁。这种猛兽叫 “年”。 春节的起源Origin: After struggling for many years, people found that the animal was afraid of three things: the color of red, the light and the sound. 人和“年”斗争了很多年，人们发现， 年怕三种东西，红颜色、火光、响声。 春节的起源Origin: You can see the red couplets on the doors of every house, put the paper cutting on the windows, you can hear the sounds of drums, and you can also set off the fireworks or firecrackers. Thats “Guonian” from generations to generations. 家家户户在门上贴春联、或是贴窗花，还 可以听到敲锣打鼓的声音、放烟花爆竹。 春节习俗Custom 1. House cleaning House cleaning To clean the houses on the New Year Eve is a very old custom dating back to thousands of years ago. The dust is traditionally associate with “old”, so cleaning their houses and sweeping the dust mean to get rid of the “old” and usher in the “new”. 在除夕之夜来临之前打扫房屋，这个非常古老的习俗甚至可 以追溯到几千年前。灰尘在传统上与“旧”联系在一起，所以打扫 房屋和扫除灰尘意味着辞“旧”迎“新”。 All brooms and dust pans are put away on New Year Eve so good luck cannot be swept away. People do all these things happily in the hope of a good coming year. 春节习俗Custom 2.House Decoration New Years paintings 年年 画画 Nianhua: A special type of painting. The ancient Chinese people were into posting images of their “Gods” on the front doors. 左尉迟恭，右秦叔宝左尉迟恭，右秦叔宝 Pasting New Year printsPasting New Year prints（贴年画（贴年画） fish（鱼）：谐音“余” lotus（莲）：谐音“连” meaning：Having a better life continuously in a new year Spring Festival couplets 春联春联 “The Spring Couplet”, pasted on doors, written on red paper to give a happy and prosperous atmosphere(繁荣的气氛繁荣的气氛) of the Festival. Paper-cuttings are pictures that are designs cut out on paper. Paper-cuttings are also known as “paper-cuttings for window decoration”. Paper cuttings 剪纸剪纸 Lantern 灯笼灯笼 Chinese Knotting 中国结中国结 春节习俗Custom 3.New Year Feast In the south of China, the most popular Spring Festival food is Niangao. Because as a homophone, niangao means higher and higher every year. 小米粉 糯米 In the north of China, the most popular Spring Festival food is Jiaozi. “Jiao” means “cross”, “zi” is Chinese traditional time represents “24:00”, so the Chinese word “jiaozi” means “cross 24:00”, just the dividing point of last year and next year. 春节习俗Custom 4.Staying up (Shousui) Staying up Legend says that day of the lunar calendar, the one legged God can put the illness on the sleeping people. People worry about getting sick, so they get through the night. After getting through the night, it means having a new year, so it is also called boil down year. 传说在大年夜那一天，独脚 神会在睡着的人身上播撒疾病 。 人们担心会生病，所以会熬过 这一夜。因熬过了这一夜就意 味着熬过了这一年，所以也俗 称“熬年”。 Activities 活动 You can drink some in staying-up late on new years Eve, tea and sugar water You can also eat peanut, chestnut their meaning is having food every year. Now people will watch Chunwan, which is an entertainment program. The CCTV Spring Festival Gala (中央电视台春节联欢晚会) The Spring Festival Gala is a TV show held by CCTV since 1983. Now, watching the Spring Festival gala has become a new custom. 春节习俗Custom 5.Setting off Firecrackers Theres one old Chinese saying, that in ancient times, on the eve of new year, a ferocious monster called Nian would appear and hurt villagers. The monster has one weakness, it fears blares and other big sounds. So, in order to drive Nian away, each family fires the firecrackers to make blares on the new year eve. Year by year after that, it became a tradition in Chinese new year, and till now, you can see or hear the firecrackers or fireworks during Chinese Spring Festival. 春节习俗Custom 6.New Year Greetings (Bainian) 拜年好 春节习俗Custom 7.Lucky Money Children can get “lucky money” from their parents. In the old day , the money was strung together on a sting. Now , they put the “lucky money” in a red envelope, which is believed to bring good luck . Today, lucky money means safe, health, happiness, good luck and parents best wishes and love for their children ! That is WeChat lucky money Chinese classical poetry Spring Festival Wang Anshi (song) 元日元日 （宋）王安石（宋）王安石 Amid the boom of firecrackers a year has come to an end, 爆竹声中一岁除， And the spring wind has wafted warm breath to the wine. 春风送暖入屠苏。 While the rising sun shines over each and every household, 千门万户瞳瞳日， People would put up new peach wood charm for the old. 总把新桃换旧符。 Detained by snow on New Years Eve, 除夜雪 相留， On fine New Years Day I take leave. 元日 晴相送。 The east wind sobers me, though drunk deep, 东风吹 宿酒， My lean horse jerks me out of sleep. 瘦马兀 残梦。 Talk Time: Why do we celebrate Spring Festival? Cultural Cultural confidence confidence 文化自信 Chinese traditional festival culture is the treasure of our Chinese culture. We have excellent traditional culture, we should have Cultural confidence. We should inherit(传承) Chinese traditional culture. Cultural confidence is the development of a country and a nation. 中国传统节日文化是中国文化的瑰宝。我们有优秀的传统文化，应该传承。我们应该有文 化自信。文化自信是一个国家、一个民族的发展。 Homework How do you introduce Spring Festival to foreigners? Try to write in English. Write 5 sentences at least. _ _ _ _ _ Why do we celebrate Chinese traditional Festival? Try to write in English. Write 3 sentences at least. _ _ _ _ _ THANKS 谢谢 教材出处Unit5 Culture 一、指导思想和理论基础 2014 年 3 月 30 日教育部印发了 关于全面深化课程改革落实立德树人根本任务的 意见 指出：要把培育和践行社会主义核心价值观融入国民教育全过程，倡导富强、民 主、文明、和谐，倡导自由、平等、公正、法制，倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善；推动 社会主义核心价值观进教材、进课堂、进头脑，着力培养学生高尚的道德情操、扎实的 科学文化素质、健康的身心、良好的审美情趣，努力使学生具有中华文化底蕴、中国特 色社会主义共同理想、国际视野，成为社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人。1 习近平总 书记提出：“中华优秀传统文化史中华民族的精神命脉，是社会主义核心价值观的重要 源泉，也是我在世界文化激荡中站稳脚跟的坚实根基。”深入挖掘和阐发中华传统文化 讲仁爱、重民本、守成信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同的时代价值。 二、教学背景分析 （一）（一） 选题背景分析选题背景分析 近些年来，我国教育对英语课程费时耗力而又收效甚微的现状、以及中国传统文化 的传承教育的缺失深感忧虑。中国传统文化历史悠远、博大精深，中华优秀传统文化是 中华民族的突出优势，是我们最深厚的文化软实力。无论英语多么“热” ，终究不能取代 国学，那是国家的根基、民族的精神。在英语教学中融入中国传统文化的内容是十分重 要且必要的。如何把中国传统文化渗透到小学英语教学中，这是我们当下应该深入研究 并尽快解决的问题。学生觉得学习的内容贴近自己的生活、能在生活中实际应用，才会 感兴趣、愿意学。 （二）学生情况分析（二）学生情况分析 我在小学任教英语近 20 年, 小学英语课程中始终充斥着西方的大量文化价值观，而 中国传统文化却严重缺失。这体现在中国传统文化在英语教学中的极少渗透，无法将传 统文化与小学英语教学相结合。但是在当下，传统文化知识的稀缺，导致老师没有这方 面的知识可教；对中国传统文化了解并能准确用英语表达的学生寥若晨星，更不用说去 弘扬传承了。小学英语课程作为基础教育的必修课，承载着培育和饯行社会主义核心价 值观的任务，小学英语教学中中西文化的协调以及充分弘扬中国优秀传统文化，有利于 发挥其育人功能。 1 姚建华,陈聪.大学英语教学中传播中国文化和价值观的探讨J.时代教育,2014,21:149-150. 三、教学目标(含重、难点) 教学目标教学目标: : 1、教学重点:让学生收集并分享，与春节有关的历史典故、相关习俗、饮食文化、文学 作品等。 2、教学难点:了解春节的相关习俗，借助多种媒体查找、编写准确译文内容，感悟中国 节日文化的博大，弘扬中国传统节日文化。 四、教学过程与教学资源设计（可附教学流程图） 教学流程图： 一、谈话切入 引出传统节日春节 二、举办“春节”主题活动 三、了解中国传统节日春节的意义 一、谈话切入一、谈话切入 引出中国传统节日引出中国传统节日-春节春节 1、Spring Festival is the most important Chinese traditional festival. Its a family reunion festival.春节是中华民族最隆重繁荣传统佳节，是中华民族阖家团圆的节日。Its the beginning of a new year, so we also call it Chinese New Year. 它是新年的开始，也叫中国新 年。 2、介绍春节相关词语 节日名：节日名：农历 lunar calendar 除夕 New Years Eve 初一 the beginning of New Year 正月 lunar January 习俗名：习俗名：阖家团圆 reunion 年夜饭 New Year Feast 过年 having the Spring Festival 年画 New Year paintings 春联 Spring Festival couplets 剪纸 paper-cuts 买年货 do Spring Festival shopping 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern 烟花 fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers 红包 red envelopes 舞狮 lion dance 舞龙 dragon dance 杂耍 variety show, vaudeville 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 give New Years greetings （一）春节的历史起源 （二）春节的相关习俗 （三）春节代表性食物 （四）春节的诗词佳句 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill fortune 压岁钱 gift money, lucky money 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 house cleaning 3、出示有春节特色的图片，增强学生民族自信心及自豪感。 4、展示主题活动内容，自由分组，根据准备展示主题活动。 【设计意图】通过视频引出话题，给学生一些有关春节的词汇作为下一活动的语言 支撑。为接下来的主题活动做准备。 二、举办二、举办“春节春节”主题活动主题活动 (一一) 春节的起源春节的起源 Its said that in ancient times, our ancestors have suffered a lot from a very dangerous animal “Nian” in Chinese (literally means “Year”) 相传在远古时候，我们的祖先曾遭受一种最凶猛 的野兽的威胁。这种猛兽叫“年”。After struggling for many years, people found that the animal was afraid of three things: the color of red, the light and the sound. 人和“年”斗争了很 多年，人们发现，年怕三种东西，红颜色、火光、响声。You can see the red couplets on the doors of every house, put the paper cutting on the windows, you can hear the sounds of drums, and you can also set off the fireworks or firecrackers. Thats “Guonian” from generations to generations.家家户户在门上贴春联、或是贴窗花，还可以听到敲锣打鼓的声音、放烟花 爆竹。 (二二) 春节的相关习俗春节的相关习俗 学生自行分组讨论，全班汇报探究学习的内容学生自行分组讨论，全班汇报探究学习的内容 1. House cleaning 扫尘扫尘 To clean houses on the New Year Eve is a very old custom dating back to thousands of years ago. The dust is traditionally associated with “old, so cleaning their houses and sweeping the dust mean to bid farewell to the “old” and usher in the new. 在除夕之夜来临之前打扫房屋，这个 非常古老的习俗甚至可以追溯到几千年前。灰尘在传统上与“旧”联系在一起，所以打 扫房屋和除尘意味着辞“旧”迎“新” 。All rooms and dust pans are put away on New Year s Eve so good luck cannot be swept away. People do all these things happily in the hope of a good coming year. 在除夕之夜，人们把扫帚和簸箕都收起来放好，这样好运气就不会被赶跑 了。人们兴高采烈地做这些事情，希望来年好运。 2. House Decoration 房屋装饰房屋装饰 On the Spring Festival, people usually post in pairs couplets on doors, good wishes are expressed, such as “happiness”, “wealth”, “longevity” and “satisfactory marriage with children”, high lighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. 在春节，人们通常在门上贴 上对联，抒发着人们良好的祝愿，如“幸福” 、 “发财” 、 “长寿” 、 “婚姻和美，儿孙满堂” 等等。人们在红纸上用墨水写下春联，并突出其书法。 People in north China are used to posting red paper-cuttings with auspicious meanings on their windows and brightly colored New Year paintings called Nianhua. The ancient Chinese people were into posting images of their “gods” on the front doors. These pictures of the god of doors and wealth were their protectors and ushers of good fortune.在中国北方，春节前人们习惯于 在窗户上贴象征吉祥的红色剪纸，并在墙上贴一些色彩明快的“年画” 。故人们在大门上 贴上“神”的图片，充当他们的保护神并带来好运。 The Chinese character “fu” (meaning good luck, fortune or happiness) is necessary. The large red character “fu” on paper can be pasted upside down normally, for in Chinese the “reversed fu” is homophonic with “fu comes”, both being pronounced as “fudaole”.中文汉字“福”字在喜庆 的节日里是必不可少的。一个红色的福字意味着好运、富有和幸福。 “福”字还可以倒贴， 路人一念“福到了” ，也就是“福气到了” 。 3. New Year Feast 年夜饭年夜饭 Spring Festival is a time for family reunion that is a banquet with all the family members getting together. The food eaten on the New Year Eve banquet varies according to regions. 春节是与家 人团聚的时间。年夜饭是所有家人团聚在一起的一顿盛宴。在除夕宴会上，根据不同的 地域，人们吃得食物也不尽相同。 4. Staying-up 熬夜熬夜(守岁守岁) Shousui means to stay up late or all night on New Years Eve. After the great dinner, the whole family stays up all night playing cards, games or watching TV programs or on CCTV or chat happily to wait for the New Years arrival, waiting for the first bell ringing of Chinese New Year. Lights in the house are kept on during the whole night. At midnight, the first bell ringing is the symbol of Chinese New Year, the sky is lit up by fireworks which symbolize the sending out of the old year and welcoming in of the new year. 守岁意味着除夕夜不睡觉， 。年夜饭后，家人 聚坐一起彻夜不睡，大家一齐打牌、玩游戏、看春节联欢晚会、愉快地聊天，等待春节 的到来，等待新年的第一声钟鸣。在除夕之夜，屋里彻夜通明。午夜时分，天空中会燃 放烟花炮竹，象征着送走过去的一年，迎来新的一年。第一次钟鸣是春节的象征。 5. Setting firecrackers 放鞭炮放鞭炮 Lighting firecracker used to be one of the most important customs in the Spring Festival celebration because it is believed the bright lights and noise can scare away evil spirits like Nian. 放鞭炮是春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一，因为炮竹明亮的火花和噪声被认为能驱赶 像年一样的恶灵。With Nian and the other evil spirits scared off, it is believed that prosperity, good health and happy relationships will fill the year.人们相信只有驱赶了年兽和其他的恶灵， 才能迎来新一年的繁荣、健康和幸福。Today, however, concerning the danger and the air pollution, the government has banned this practice in many major cities. But people in small towns and rural areas still hold to this traditional celebration. Right as the clock strike 12 oclock midnight of New Years Eve, cities and towns are lit up with the glitter from fireworks, and the sound can be deafening. 然而，当今人们担心燃放鞭炮可能会带来危险和空气污染，政府 已在许多大城市小玲禁止燃鞭炮。但生活在小城镇和农村地区的人们，仍然保持这种传 统的庆祝活动。 在除夕 12 点钟，一旦时钟敲响，农村和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映亮， 鞭炮声震耳欲聋。Families stay up for this joyful moment and kids with firecrackers in one hand a lighter in another cheerfully light their happiness in this especial occasion, even though they plug their ears.一家人熬夜就为这个欢乐的时刻，孩子们一手拿着鞭炮、一手拿着打 火机，兴高采烈地点放着他们在这个特殊节日的快乐，尽管他们下的捂着耳朵。 6. New Year greetings (Bainian) 新年问候（拜年）新年问候（拜年） On the first day of the New Year, everybody wears new clothes and greets relatives and friends with bows and congratulations, wishing each other good luck, happiness during the new year.在 传接第一天，大家都穿着新衣服，亲戚和朋友们打找回并祝贺，祝愿彼此在新的一年里 带来好运和幸福。Its customary for the younger generations to visit the elders, wishing them healthy and longevity. 按照传统习惯，小一辈人要拜见老一辈人，祝愿他们健康长寿。 7. Lucky Money 压岁钱压岁钱 Spring Festival is also the happiest time for children, because they can get money from their parents and grandparents as New Year gift. In the old days, the money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old.春节是孩子们最快乐的时光了，因为他们可以从长辈那里获 得礼物压岁钱。在以前，压岁钱时一串由红绳子串起的一百个铜硬币，它象征着希 望，人们可以活到 100 岁。 However, today, the money is placed inside red envelopes which is believed bring good luck, ward off monsters; hence the name “lucky money”.而今天，前市 放在一个红色的纸包里，据说能带来好运，能驱魔，因此被称作“压岁钱” 。 (三三) 春节的典型食物春节的典型食物 1. Niangao In south China, it is customary to eat “Niangao”(New Year Cake made of glutinous rice flour) because as a homophone, “Niangao” means “higher and higher every year”. 在中国的南方，人 们习惯吃“年糕” （糯米粉制成的新年糕点） ， 因为作为一个同音字， “年糕”意味着 “步步高升” 。 2. Jiaozi In the north, the most traditional and popular Spring Festival food is “dumplings”, which looks like the crescent moon with vegetables and meat mixed in it. In China, the Chinese name of dumpling is “jiaozi ”, “jiao” means “cross”, “zi” is Chinese traditional time represents “24:00”, so the Chinese word “jiaozi ” means “cross 24:00”, just the dividing point of last year and next year. So when it comes to 24:00, every family begins eating dumplings. 在北方，年夜饭中最 传统、最受欢迎的食物之一是“饺子” ，他的形状像月牙，里面包着肉类和蔬菜。在中国， “饺子”的“饺”意思是“过” ， “子”是指中国传统的时间“24:00” ，汉字“饺子”的 意思就是“过 24:00” ，正好是一个新旧交替的时间点。因此，当 24:00 到来时，人们就 开始吃饺子了。 (四四) 春节的诗词佳句春节的诗词佳句 举例举例SpringFestival Wang Anshi (song) As the clattering crackers send away the old year, 爆竹声中一岁除， A warm breeze of spring drifts into the cup of wine. 春风送暖入屠苏。 On a thousand doors, in the first rays of sunshine, 前门万户瞳瞳日， New pairs of tutelary deities in gaiety all appear. 总把新桃换旧符。 【设计意图】传统节日文化的优秀礼俗对小学生道德行为、文化价值观产生潜移默化的 影响。中华民族的传统美德将在节日文化的继承中得到发扬。同时中国历史故事、民俗 活动等的无形渗透有利于丰富小学生的节日生活，在节日活动中展示自我、发展个性。 三、春节的意义三、春节的意义 学生自由讨论，教师归纳总结：学生自由讨论，教师归纳总结： 春节是指汉字文化圈传统上的农历新年，俗称“年节” ，传统名称为新年、大年、新 岁，但口头上又称度岁、庆新岁、过年，是中华民族最隆重的传统佳节。 在春节期间，中国的汉族和一些少数民族都要举行各种庆祝活动。这些活动均以祭 祀祖神、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容，形式丰富多彩，带有 浓郁的各民族特色。受到中华文化的影响，属于汉字文化圈的一些国家和民族也有庆祝 春节的习俗。人们在春节这一天都尽可能地回到家里和亲人团聚，表达对未来一年的热 切期盼和对新一年生活的美好祝福。春节不仅仅是一个节日，同时也是中国人情感得以 释放、心理诉求得以满足的重要载体，是中华民族一年一度的狂欢节和永远的精神支柱。 【设计意图】春节是中华文化优秀传统的重要载体，蕴含着中华民族文化的智慧和结晶， 凝聚着华夏人民的生命追求和情感寄托，传承着中国人的社会伦理观念；所以，我们一 定要大力弘扬春节所凝结的优秀传统文化，