1、1 2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （全国乙卷）听力分析报告（全国乙卷）听力分析报告 整体分析整体分析 2021 年全国乙卷的听力部分，在材料难度方面，遵循课标要求，注意话题 选择的适切度和语篇难度。在话题方面，录音材料既涵盖学生十分熟悉的日常 话题，又包括一些具有挑战性的话题。覆盖面广，包括衣食住行、购物、工作、 人际关系等。如 Text 6 有关谈论网球运动，Text 7 讲述了饮食健康，这两篇材 料旨在引导学生关注体育运动与身体健康，提高运动的意识；Text 8 安慰比赛 前心情紧张的朋友，引导学生建立和谐友爱的人际关系、保持乐观自信的人生 态度；
2、Text 9 关注老年人这个弱势群体，体现了人文关怀，传播正能量。此次 考试中，事实细节题 10 个，推理判断题 8 个，主旨大意题 1 个，观点态度题 1 个。设题角度全面，14 个 what、1 个 where、2个 why、2个 which、1个 how， 没有关于 who 和 when 提问的题。总词数为 854 词，与往常基本持平。平均语 速为 131 词/分，与往年相比略慢。值得关注的是，此次考试的试题结构为 23433，与往年不同，且采用了新的美音主播，难度比往年有所下降。 段落话题字数考点疑问词 Text 1问路39推理判断题what Text 2买衣服37事实细节题what
3、Text 3工作34推理判断题what Text 4咨询旅游信息36推理判断题which Text 5就医29推理判断题where Text 6谈论网球476 题观点态度题 7 题事实细节题 what what Text 7节食建议1108 题事实细节题 9 题事实细节题 10 题推理判断题 what which what Text 8安慰比赛前焦虑 的朋友 17111题事实细节题 12 题推理判断题 13 题推理判断题 14 题事实细节题 how why what what Text 9采访教授，谈论 老年人的社会角 色 18115 题事实细节题 16 题事实细节题 17 题推理判断题 wh
4、at what what Text 10母女关系17018 题事实细节题 19 题事实细节题 20 题主旨大意题 what why what 2 具体分析具体分析 1. What is the man doing? A. Asking the way. B. Giving directions. C. Correcting a mistake. Text 1 39 词词 问路（问路（127 词词/分）分） M: Excuse me, I got lost. I took a bus to city hall, but I cant find the place. W: This is the
5、concert hall, not city hall. To go there, you should take the bus at Grand Hotel over there. 1. A。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。对话中，男士表示他想去 city hall 及他所提及的关键信息“I got lost” “I cant find the place”，可知他迷路了。再 结合女士的话可知，她在给男士指路，由此可推断出，男士正在问路。 2. What dress size does the woman want? A. 8. B.10. C.12. Text 2 37 词词 买衣
6、服（买衣服（123 词词/分）分） M: Can I help you? W: Im looking for a size twelve dress. M: Oh, let me see. An eight, a ten. Ah, youre lucky. I have the prettiest dress here in a twelve. Why dont you try it on? 2. C。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。三个选项在对话中均有提及，但 是根据女士所说的话“Im looking for a size twelve dress.”可知，女士想要的裙子 尺码为 12。
7、【重点语块】try on试穿；试戴 3. What is the woman likely to do? A. Make a phone call. B. Handle the problem. C. Have a rest. Text 3 34 词词 工作（工作（157 词词/分）分） W: Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today? M: No problem. Just go home and take a rest. If there is anything I feel I cannot hand
8、le, I will call you. 3. C。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。对话中女士一开始问男士是 3 否可以搞定办公室的事情，而男士给出肯定的回答，并且说“Just go home and take a rest.”，由此可推断，女士有可能会回家休息。 【重点语块】 take care of 处理；应对 handle 处理，解决 4. Which tour does the man seem to be interested in? A. The evening tour. B. The half-day tour. C. The full-day tour. Text 4
9、36 词词 咨询旅游信息（咨询旅游信息（126 词词/分）分） W: We have a half-day tour, a full-day tour and an evening tour. Which one would you like? M: What is the schedule of the half-day tour? W: It sets out at 8:30 am and returns at 2:00 pm. 4. B。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。根据对话中男士的询问“What is the schedule of the half-day tour?”，男士
10、在半日游、全日游和夜晚游之间只咨 询了有关半日游的信息，可推测出他对此感兴趣。 【重点语块】set out 动身，出发，启程 5. Where are the speakers? A. At a canteen. B. At a clinic. C. At a bank. Text 5 29 词词 就医就医（102 词词/分）分） M: Now, what seems to be the trouble, Mrs. Stevens? W: Ive been very dizzy lately.And last night, I had some chest pain. M: Dont worr
11、y. Let me have a look. 5. B。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。对话一开始，男士问女士 “what seems to be the trouble”，再结合女士话语中的关键信息“dizzy” “some chest pain”及男士最后一句话“Let me have a look”可推断出，说话者在诊所。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What does the woman think of the match? A. Entertaining. B. Discouraging. 4 C. Boring. 7. What do the speake
12、rs plan to do on Tuesday afternoon? A. Watch a game. B. Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema. Text 6 47 词词 谈论网球（谈论网球（116 词词/分钟）分钟） W: Wow. That was a great match. I really like watching tennis games. M: Me too. I think tennis is an exciting sport. W: I think so. Do you play tennis, John? M: Yes, but not
13、 very well. Do you play? W: A little. How about a game on Tuesday afternoon? M: Sure. 6. A。考查学生理解说话者意图、观点和态度的能力。根据对话中女士所说的 话“Wow. That was a great match.”可知，女士认为比赛非常有趣，entertaining 是 对原文中 great 的同义转述。 7. B。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话中女士的提议“How about a game on Tuesday afternoon?”及男士的回答“Sure.”可知，说话者将在周二下午 打
14、网球。 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10题。 8. What does the man advise Mrs. White to do? A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Get enough sleep. 9. Which can be included in Mrs. Whites breakfast? A. Eggs. B. Sausages. C. Porridge. 10. What is the man? A. Ateacher. B. Aphysician. C.Achef. Text 7 110 词词 节食建议（节食建议（1
15、27 词词/分钟）分钟） M: Mrs. White, Im afraid we have to put you on a strict diet. From now on, youre going to have to stay away from salty food. W: Does that mean I cant have any more fast food? 5 M: Right. You cant have any fried food or steaks. W: What about breakfast food like eggs and sausages? M: Thos
16、e are all bad for you. But you can have porridge, bread and orange juice. W: Well, what about lunch and dinner? M: Have a salad for lunch. As for dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. Fish and chicken are also okay. W: What about dessert? Can I still have ice cream? M: Yes, but not too m
17、uch. 8. A。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话中男士的话“Mrs. White, Im afraid we have to put you on a strict diet.”，再结合整段对话的具体内容可知， 男士建议女士进行节食。 go on a diet 是对该意思的同义转述。 9. C。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话中男士的话“But you can have porridge, bread and orange juice.”可知，女士的早餐包含粥。 10. B。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。根据整段对话，男士建议女 士进行严格节食并提出的具体措施，
18、再结合生活常识可推断出，男士是一名医 师。 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11至 14题。 11. How does Nancy look to Daniel? A. Confused. B. Excited. C.Anxious. 12. Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play? A. To comfort Nancy. B. To express his regret. C. To show his pride. 13. What is Nancy going to do next week? A. Take a school tes
19、t. B. Have a check-up. C. Go in for a competition. 14. What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy? A. Rewrite her lines. B. Drive her to the theatre. C. Help her with the practice. Text 8 171 词词 安慰比赛前焦虑的朋友（安慰比赛前焦虑的朋友（138 词词/分）分） 6 M: Hi, Nancy! You look worried. Whats wrong? W: Well Daniel, have you eve
20、r felt nervous on stage? M: Sure. Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago? I knew my lines, but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience. As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there, my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word. W: Thats how I fee
21、l just thinking about the spelling competition next week. M: I didnt know you made it to the finals. W: Im worried Ill get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything, even my own name. I dont know what to do. M: Nancy, I know that youre not going to forget how to spell your
22、name. Ill help you get through this. Ill go to the school hall with you to practice. Then Ill teach you an exercise my baseball coach taught me. Believe me. It works. W: I feel much better now. Thanks, Daniel. 11. C。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话开头 Daniel 所问的“Hi, Nancy! You look worried. Whats wrong?”。抓住表达人物
23、感官的关键词 worried， C 项 anxious是其同义转述。 12. A。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。根据对话中 Nancy 担心在舞 台上时会紧张，Daniel 讲述以往自己的类似经历“Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago? I knew my lines, but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience. As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there, my heart be
24、at so fast that I was unable to say a single word.”，及对话最后 Nancy 的话“I feel much better now. Thanks, Daniel.”可知，Daniel 是在安抚 Nancy。 13. C。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据 Nancy 的话“Thats how I feel just thinking about the spelling competition next week.”可知，其在为下周的拼写比 赛忧虑，即 Nancy 下周将参加一场比赛。 14. C。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话
25、最后 Daniel 的话“Ill help you get through this. Ill go to the school hall with you to practice.”可知，他主 动提出帮助 Nancy 进行练习。 【重点语块】 go in for 参加（比赛等） get through 度过，熬过（困难时期等） 听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。 15. What was Prof. Stones grandfather afraid of? A. Leaving his home. 7 B. Parting from his son. C. Taking ear
26、ly retirement. 16. What does old age mean to many elderly Americans? A. Lack of moral support. B. Loss of self-worth. C. Change of living habits. 17. What will Prof. Stone talk about next concerning elderly people? A. Public services they ask for. B. Health care available to them. C. Contributions t
27、hey can make. Text 9 181 词词 采访教授，谈论老年人的社会角色（采访教授，谈论老年人的社会角色（132 词词/分）分） W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today, we have invited Prof. Stone to talk about the role of elderly people in our society. Welcome to our show, Prof. Stone. M: To begin with, Id like to tell a story from my own life. Several ye
28、ars ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were no longer able to care for themselves very well. My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful e
29、xperience for them. Indeed, old age for them, and many older Americans can mean not only the possible failure of ones health, but the loss of identity and self-worth. W: Yes, its true. What do you have to say about the problem of old age? M: Many experts have given talks here that have focused on th
30、e medical care and the development of public services for senior citizens. Today, Id like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that elderly can play and should play in our society. 15. A。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话中 Prof. Stone 的话“My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known f
31、or the past 60 years.” 可知，他的爷爷害怕离开自己的家。 16. B。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据对话中 Prof. Stone 的话 “Indeed, old age for them, and many older Americans can mean not only the possible failure of ones health, but the loss of identity and self-worth.”可知，晚年对于很多 美国老年人来说不仅意味着可能失去健康，还会失去自我认同和价值。 17. C。考查学生对所听内容进行推理判断的能力。根
32、据对话中 Prof. Stone 的话 “Today, Id like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that elderly can play and should play in our society.”可知，男士接下来所谈论的内容是老年人能够和 8 应该在社会中扮演的角色，即他们可以做出的贡献。C 项的 make contributions 是 play roles in 的同义转述。 【重点语块】play a role in 在方面起作用 听第 10段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. What does the s
33、peakers mother want her to be? A. Aconfident person. B. Awarm-hearted person. C.Ahumorous person. 19. Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood? A. She often traveled by herself. B. Her family moved frequently. C. Her mother was busy working. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Im
34、portance of home schooling. B. Mother-daughter relationship. C.Arole model in her family. Text 10 170 词词 母女关系（母女关系（127 词词/分）分） W: Talking about personal relationships, well, Id naturally think of my relationship with my mother. Whenever I need help, my mother is always there for me. She often tells
35、me that I can be anyone I want, as long as Im confident of myself. She sees my talent and pushes me to do the best I possibly can. As I was growing up, we were often on the move. I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely. But my mother did everything she could to help me feel happy. In
36、 fact, so much traveling was really a good thing because it made us close. I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. She gives me the freedom to make mistakes and to learn from them all. Unlike friendships that can fade or break, I know Ill always be connected t
37、o my mother no matter what I face. She is not just a role model, but someone I love. 18. A。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据文中“She often tells me that I can be anyone I want, as long as Im confident of myself.”可知，说话者的妈妈希望 她成为一个自信的人。 19. B。考查学生获取事实性具体信息的能力。根据文中“As I was growing up, we were often on the move. I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely.” 可知，说话者在她的童年时期感到孤独的原因是她们经常搬家。 20. B。考查学生理解主旨与要义的能力。全文围绕着说话者的母亲及其母亲为 9 她所做的事情展开，由此可知，说话者谈论的是母女关系。C 项“她家庭中的一 位榜样”干扰性比较强。 【重点语块】on the move 在奔波，在迁移（move在此处作名词）
