1、Section Section Discovering Useful Discovering Useful StructuresStructures 第一篇第一篇 教材过关教材过关 用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1)Even though the sun is brightly shining, (tell) whether it is morn- ing or night is impossible. (2) (get) here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. 情
2、境创设情境创设语法精讲语法精讲 教材链接 telling Getting (3)For hundreds of years, (look) after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. (4) (be) in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. looking Being 一、动名词的形式 要点精析 语态 时态 主动语态被动语态 一般式doingbeing done 完成式having donehaving been done 动名词仍保留着动词的许
3、多特征,可以有自己的逻辑主语、宾语、状 语。动名词连同其后的宾语或状语,一起构成了动名词短语。同时动名词短 语又具有名词的特性,可以在句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。 1.一般式 动名词的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态同时发 生或发生在谓语动词之后。 Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old. 对于老人来说爬山确实困难。 2.完成式 动名词的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 Having ever travelled to that beautiful city has made him
4、want to travel there a- gain. 曾经去那座美丽的城市旅游使他想再次去那儿旅行。 3.完成进行式 动名词的完成进行式表示其动作在谓语动词之前已经开始,一直持续到谓语 动词发生时为止,且有可能仍在继续。 Forgive me for my having been troubling you. 原谅我一直在打扰你。 4.否定式 其否定式是在其前加not。 Im sorry for not finishing my task on time. 抱歉我没按时完成我的任务。 5.被动式 Being asked to do so much homework made him un
5、happy. 被要求做这么多家庭作业使他不高兴。 二、动名词作主语 1.动名词作主语时,多表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。单个动名 词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 Traveling a lot is a good way to help people become knowledgeable. 经常旅行是帮助人们变得知识渊博的好方法。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his p
6、roperty. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 误区警示误区警示 不定式(短语)作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。 To lie to her is wrong. 对她撒谎不对。 2.形式主语it代替动名词短语作主语 此类句式常见的有: Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间 Its useless/worthwhile/worth doing sth. 做某事没用/是值得的 Its no good/use/fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思 It is no use waiting for other people to make
7、decisions for you. 等别人替你做决定是没有用的。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。 3.动名词的复合结构作主语 动名词的复合结构由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词+动名词”构成,名词 所有格或形容词性物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。 Toms coming made me happy. 汤姆的到来使我很高兴。 .根据提示用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. (play) with fire is dangerous. 2.Be careful! (play) with fi
8、re will be dangerous. 3.His (not get) to the station on time made everyone worried last week. 4.The museum is certainly worth (visit). 5.There is no use (keep) silent about such a matter. 素养达标素养达标迁移创新迁移创新 Playing To play not getting reading keeping 6. (swim) is a good sport in summer. 7.It is a wast
9、e of time (try) to persuade him to give up playing com- puter games. 8. (he) getting up late in the morning made him late for the class. 9.Its fun (spend) the holiday at the beach. 10.Toms (be) so careless caused so much trouble. Swimming trying His to spend being .语法与主题写作 1.写作要点 根据本单元所学语法知识和主题知识补全句
10、子。 夏天在北极圈内旅行是相当令人困惑的。 above the Arctic Circle in summer is quite . 说出确切的时间是不可能的,因为根本没有夜晚。 the exact time is impossible for no night at all. Travelingconfusing Tellingthere is 四处走一走很困难。 about is quite difficult. 这里终年覆盖着巨大的冰川。 It the vast glaciers all year round. 身处这样一个美丽而天然的地方让旅行者们兴奋不已。 makes the tra
11、velers excited. Moving is covered with Being in such a beautiful and wild place 2.串句成文 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 Traveling above the Arctic Circle in summer is quite confusing because telling the exact time is impossible for there is no night at all. Moving about is quite difficult, for it is covered with the vast glaciers all year round. However, being in such a beautiful and wild place makes the travelers excited.
