1、高中英语时态高中英语时态-过去将来时过去将来时讲解及提升练习讲解及提升练习 定义：定义： 过去将来时的基本特征，即 “立足过去，着眼未来” 。它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生 的某个动作或存在的某种状态。但这个将来时间绝不会延伸到“现在”；而仅限于“过去时 间区域内”。由此可以看出，含这个时态的句子常带一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语例如： Mary told me that she would go to Shanghai by plane.玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海。 He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周星期五来这儿。 I knew
2、 that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道当我们陷入困境时它会帮助我们。 基本构成基本构成 A) would + 动词原形 如：He asked me if I would stay here.他问我是否要待在这儿。 She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说 她将一切努力在本期赶上其他同学们。 When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refu
3、se you. 过去当你请她帮忙时，他绝不会拒 绝。 B ) was / were going to + 动词原形 如：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework. 没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。 He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。 He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要拍我去火车站接 她 C ) was/ were ab
4、outto + 动词原形 如：He said that they were to leave at six. 他说他们将于 6 点动身。 She said that the meeting was about to begin. 她说会议就要开始了 We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开时，天突然下起了大雨。 He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候，门铃响起来了。 D) was / were to
5、+ 动词原形。如： The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑改在下个月竣工。 Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。 E) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬时动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。 was / were +现在分词。如： He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。 We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们
6、学校。 She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告诉我们她将要去云南。 基本用法基本用法 A) 主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。 如：Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years. 没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。 We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting. 我们想知道她是否准备在会上发言。 He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆在一起。 He
7、said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。 He didnt expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。 B)表示过去习惯性的动作 During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段时间，他每天早锻炼。 Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。 C) 表示过去情况中的“愿望
8、”、“倾向”，多用于否定句。例如： No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管 工作有多难，他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。 They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他们知道我们绝不会允许发生这样的事。 Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave . 甚至在讲座结束之后，听众仍不肯 离去。 D) 过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中
9、，如： If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。 If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了 If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Harvard University.如果我有机会出国学习的 话，我就会去哈佛大学。 I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight. 今晚他能和我一起去看电影就好了。 提升练习：提升练习： 一
10、、单项选择一、单项选择 1Daimlers Chief Executive said the German carmaker _ production locations in the next decade to capture shifts in demand as global trade tensions continued to rise. Ahad adjustedBwould adjust Cwill be adjustingDwere adjusting 2He took up the post of general manager, little knowing how th
11、is appointment_ his life. Ahas changedBhad changed Cwas to changeDwas changing 3Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they _ . Awere to haveBwere having Chave hadDhad had 4The laptops made by our company sell best, but
12、 nobody could have guessed the place in the market that they _ 20 years ago. Ahad hadBhadCwere havingDwere to have 5He promised he _ the assembly on time. I am at a loss what happened. It doesnt matter. We are starting without him. Awill attendBhad attended Cwill have attendedDwould attend 6It was a
13、nnounced that only after the candidatespapers were collected _to leave the room. Ahad they been permittedBwould they be permitted Cthat they would be permittedDthat they had been permitted 7Hi， Lucy. I hear you failed the driving test last week. Bad luck！ When I wanted to stop my car， the brakework.
14、 AmustntBwont CwouldntDshant 8Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he _ home right after his work. Ahas comeBcomes CcameDwould come 9- Dont forget to have this machine fixed this afternoon., Darling. - Oh, you reminded me of what I otherwise. Amay have forgottenBmust have forgotten Chad for
15、gottenDwould have forgotten 10He said in a few daystime he _ out of the school gates forever. Awill walkBwalked Cwas walkingDwould be walking 11We had to be patient because it _some time_ we got the full results. Ahas been；sinceBhad been；until Cwas；afterDwould be；before 12Nowhere else, as Tims siste
16、r said, _ except the small garden in the backyard after school. Awould he goBhe did go Chad he goneDhe has gone 13Did you predict that many students _ up for the dance competition? Awould signBsignedChave signedDhad signed 14Every time they met, theytalk about former classmates they remembered. Acou
17、ldBwouldCshouldDwill 15He _ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him. Awill speakBis going to speakChad to speakDwas going to speak 16Before seeing The Revenge of Prince Zidan, I wasnt sure whether I _ it. But after experiencing it, I found I was deeply attracted by it. Ahad enjoyedBenjoye
18、dCwas enjoyingDwould enjoy 17We packed all the hooks in wooden boxes so that theydamaged. Adont getBwont get Cdidnt getDwouldnt get 18Fifty-three years after it was written in 1958, the love letter to a US college student from his girlfriend who _ his wife is finally on its way to him. Awas to becom
19、eBbecomes Cis to becomeDbecame 19 Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child, few people guessed that he _a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. Ahas beenBhad been Cwas going to beDwas 20When he _ the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the
20、 car. ApaidBwould be paying Cwas to payDhad paid 21Looking back on his youth, he finally realized that his pain taking effort in Senior Three his bright future. AshapedBhad shapedCwas going to shape Dwas to shape 22The manager said that not one mistake _ to see reported to him in the following month
21、. Awould he wantBhad he wantedChe would wantDhe had wanted 23We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon. AleavesBwould leaveCleftDhad left 24In a room above the store, where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table. Awas to be heldBhas been heldCwill be heldDis be
22、ing held 25Mother promised she _ me an English-Chinese dictionary. Ais buyingBwill buyCwould buyDhas bought 26Jonah was a little worried because hea new job the next day and he wasnt sure whether he would be fit for it. Ahave doneBwill do Cwas to doDdid 27 I felt like giving up. I probably _， but my
23、 Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.” Awould haveBwouldCshouldDshould have 28James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday. Awill comeBwas comingChad comeDcame 29The plane is leaving right now，but Jim hasnt arrived yet. Well，he said he_here on time. AcameBwould come Ccan beDwil
24、l be 30Iwriting the paper as scheduled, but my mothers illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me. Aam to have finishedBwas to have finished Cwas to finishDought to finish 31-The guy standing at the bar is so handsome. Any idea who he is? -He is the guy Iyou about. Ahad toldBwould tell Cwas telli
25、ngDam telling 32The success of Le Pen _the withdrawal of France from EU, but Macaroon defeated her in the election this month; as a result, EU let out a sigh of relief. Ashould otherwise promoteBwill have promoted Cmight as wellDwould otherwise promote 33It was announced that only when the fire was
26、under control _to return to their homes. Athe residents would be permitted Bhad the residents been permitted Cwould the residents be permitted Dthe residents had been permitted 34When he _ the door, he found his keys were nowhere. Awould openBopenedChad openedDwas to open 35 - Jerry, sorry to have k
27、ept you wait. - It doesnt matter, but I_ you _ later than me. Adidnt think, would beBam thinking, will be Cthought, had beenDnever thought, would be 36He promised that he _ us in the party, but he hasnt turned up until now. Awill joinBhad joined Cwould joinDhas joined 37Our uncle will be here to att
28、end a meeting tomorrow, you know? Oh, I thought that he _ today. Ais comingBcomes Cwas comingDwill come 38 The world today _ different without the amazing discoveries produced by great scientists. AwereBhad been Cwould beDwould have been 39My father told me that he _ me some gifts when he returned f
29、romAmerica the next week. Awill buyBbuyCwould buyDbuy 40He said that his car_stolen and he_have to telephone the police. Awas; wouldBhas been; will Chad been; wouldDhad been; will 41Hannah begged Annie not to tell anyone else, and she said she _ her secret. Ahad keptBwould keep CkeptDkeep 42They mad
30、e up their mind that they_ a new house once Larry changed jobs. AboughtBwould buy Chave boughtDhad bought 43 The novel written by the author _ best, but five years ago no one could have imagined how great a role he _ in the literary world. Asells; was to playBwas selling; was playing Csold; had play
31、edDis sold; is playing 44The English teacher told us this morning that we _ an exam at the end of this month. Awill haveBwould have Chave hadDhad had 45She hurried to the entrance at which the car _, and looked forward to seeing her husband. Awould arriveBhas arrivesCarrivedDwill arrive 46- Come on.
32、 I have a gift for you. - How nice of you. I never _ you _ me a gift. Athink; giveBthink; will give Cthought; would giveDthought; give 47What were you doing when the telephone rang? I _ away my books and _ to bed. Ahad just put;was goingBwas just putting;went Cjust put;had goneDhave just put;gone 48
33、-What were you up to when she dropped in? -I_ for a while and _ some reading. Ahad played ; didBplayed; did Chad played :was going to doDwas playing; was going to do 49It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. Oh, dont mention it. I _ past your house anyway. Awas comingBwill comeChad co
34、meDhave come 50John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _with them to school. AtookBhad takenCwere takingDwould take 答案答案 1B2C3A4D5D6B7C8D9D10D11D12A13A14B15D16D17 D 18A19C20C21D22A23B24A25C26C27A28B29B30B31B32D 33C34D35D36C37C38C39C40C41B42B43A44B45A46C47A 48C49A50D 二、二、汉译英（整句）汉译
35、英（整句） 1.这是他第一次用电子邮件与笔友交流。(用从句) 2.根据新闻报道， 是天气决定神舟七号发射(launch) 的准确时间。 （ 用强调句） 3.杰克给了我一个坚定的眼神，这眼神表明他不会改变主意，也不会屈服。(determine,定语 从句) 4.消防员没有多考虑个人的安危,像平常一样将困在大火中的人员援救出来.(think little of) 5.德兰修女(Mother Teresa) 把自己毕生的精力都倾注在照顾穷苦人之上。 （devote to） 6.这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到 16 世纪 60 年代。 (date) 7.John 难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会
36、使自己受益更多。 (Seldom) 8.基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。 (bring) 9.近年来医患关系成为了社会热点，解除病人痛苦正是医生职责，病人也应充分信任与理解 医生。 (relieve) 10.我从未想过他们会向我提供一大笔钱付学费。(occur) 答案： 1.This is the first time that he has used e-mail to communicate with his pen pal. 2.According to the news report, it is the weather that will determine t
37、he exact launch time of Shenzhou Seven. 3.Jack gave me a determined look, which showed me that he would neither change his mind nor give in. 4.The firefighters thought little of their personal safety and as usual rescued the people who were trapped in the fire. 5.Mother Teresa has devoted all her li
38、fe to caring for the poor. 6.These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s. 7.Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial. 8.Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem
39、. 9.Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patientspain is doctors responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors. 10.It never occurred to me that they would offer me a large sum of money to pay my tui
40、tion. 三三、用单词的适当形式完成句子、用单词的适当形式完成句子 1.None of the forecasters, however, warned us of the onset of a pandemic that would _(threat) every country in the world and create the biggest global crisis in most peoples living memory. 2.Nobody knew what _ (happen) to the Earth in a centurys time. 3.Dr. Smith s
41、aid he _ (give) a speech on how to reduce stress the next week. 4.Water, food and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster _ (last). 5.Ken was so busy when we saw him,because he _(make) a speech the next day. 6.I wasnt sure whether Lucy _(come) the next year. 7.She
42、told him that she _(not stay) here for long. 8.Whenever she had time,she _(help) them with their work. 9.Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall the next summer. 10.I wasnt sure whether he _(lend) me his book the next morning. 11.She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning. 12.She didnt tell me where she _(go). 13.Mike was not sure whether his friend _ (lend) him the book the next morning. 答案： 1.threaten2.would happen3.would give4.would last5.would make6.would come7.would not stay 8.would help9.would visit10.would lend11.would leave12.would go13.would lend
