1、译林版选择性必修第一册 Unit 2 单元语法-动名词作主语和宾语 Activity 1读文探究 阅读教材 P20 的一段短文，探究画线部分在句子中所作的成分。 1Playing the qin was his life. 2He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques. 3Boya did not say anything before playing the qin，yet Zhong Ziqi was able to paint a p
2、icture of great mountain ranges in his mind. 4When Boya continued playing，Zhong Ziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly. 5Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya，who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi. 6 The two soon became great friends and
3、 before going their separate ways， they agreed to meet at the Mid-Autumn Festival the next year. 7After he finished playing the piece，he destroyed the qin and said，“Since the only person that understands my music is gone，its no use keeping the qin.” 以上句子中的画线部分作主语的有；作动词宾语的有；作介词宾语的有。 Activity 2感悟规律 1当
4、 v.-ing 形式在句子中作主语时，有时可以用形式主语 it 来代替主语，放在句首，把真 正的主语放在后面。 2v.-ing 形式在句子中可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。 3当 v.-ing 形式在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Activity 3语法精析 一、动词-ing 形式作主语 1动词-ing 形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 Wasting a persons time is the same as killing
5、 him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 注意(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。 To lie to her is wrong. 对她撒谎不对。 (2)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old. 对于老人来说爬山确实困难。 2形式主语 it 代替动词-ing 形式作主语。 此类句式常见的有： Its a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。 Its useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没用/是值
6、得的。 Its no good/use/fun doing sth. 做某事没用/没意思。 It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.等待别人替你做决定是没有用的。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。 3当句型“There is no.”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词-ing 形式作主语。 There is no denying that the environment is
7、 from bad to worse.不能否认，环境状况正在逐步恶 化。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 二、动词-ing 形式作宾语 1作动词的宾语 常接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆： 避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，cant help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse) 忍受保持不介
8、意(stand，keep，mind) Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗子吗？ I dont like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio. 我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。 He tried to avoid answering my questions. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。 2作动词短语的宾语 常见的跟动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词短语有： insist on， object to， be good at， be fond of， lead to，put of
9、f，give up，look forward to，feel like，be devoted to，get/be used to，pay attention to， be worth 等。 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 3在有些动词的后面，如：start，begin，continue 等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语， 两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。 4在 love，hate，
10、prefer，like 等动词后接动词-ing 形式作宾语指经常性的动作；用不定式 作宾语指具体的动作。 He preferred staying in the house when it rained. 下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing 形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都待在家里。) I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我宁愿留在家里。 (用动词不定式作宾语， 表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。 ) 5有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词-ing 形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有： 动词宾语的形式意义 forget to do忘记做 do
11、ing忘记做过 remember to do记着要去做 doing记得做过 regret to do遗憾/抱歉要做 doing后悔做了 try to do尽力做 doing尝试做 mean to do打算做 doing意味着 go on to do接着做(另外一件事) doing接着做(同一件事) stop to do停下来去做 doing停止做 Please remember to give my best regards to your family. 请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time
12、. 我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。 6下列动词可接动词-ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。 need/want/require/deserve doing need/want/require/deserve to be done The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。 三、动词-ing 形式的否定形式 动词-ing 形式的否定形式通常是在其前加 not，带有逻辑主语时 not 应放在逻辑主语和动词 -ing 形式之间。 You have no excuse for not going. 你没有理由不去。
13、 He was punished for not having finished his homework. 他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。 四、动词-ing 形式的复合结构 动词-ing 形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing，即 “sb./sb.sdoing”构成。 动词-ing 形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing 形式加了一个逻辑 主语。动词-ing 形式的复合结构有四种形式： 形容词性物主代词动词-ing 名词所有格动词-ing 代词宾格动词-ing 名词动词-ing Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 她来
14、帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。 Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home? 你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？ 注意(1)动词-ing 形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。 作主语时， 不能用两种形式。 (2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第种形式。 Toms winning first prize last year impressed me a lot. 汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。 Do you mind
15、 my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now? 你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？ 五练习 .用括号内动词的正确形式填空 Vicky：Shall we go then? Rachel：Daniel hasnt finished 1.(eat) yet. Daniel：Its OK.But Id like 2.(have) a piece of chocolate. Matthew：A piece of chocolate? Youve eaten too much. Daniel： I know.But when I find something new on the menu， I j
16、ust cant help 3.(try) it. Rachel：How are we getting home? Vicky：I dont mind 4.(walk)I feel like some fresh air. Rachel：Youre crazy.Its miles.And weve just eaten. Matthew：I suggest 5.(ring) for a taxi.It can avoid 6.(wait) around for a bus. Emma：Good idea.I couldnt stand 7.(get) cold again after bein
17、g in the warm all evening. Rachel：Yes，the bus journey is too complicated.It involves 8.(change) buses in the centre.We dont want to risk 9.(miss) a bus and having to wait half an hour. Daniel：Or we could take a taxi to the bus station and then get a bus from there. Matthew：Well，you can carry on 10.(
18、discuss) the problem，but Im going to ring for a taxi. 答案1.eating2.to have3.trying4.walking5.ringing6.waiting7.getting8.changing 9.missing10.discussing .完成句子 1.和你这种人吵架就是浪费我的时间。 2.我儿子能达到我的期望真的让我很自豪。 3.这个故事太有趣了，我们忍不住笑了起来。 4.这些文章都很适合孩子们，你再也找不到一个更可靠的网站了。 5.这栋建筑在几公里外也看得见。 6.只要我们放下手机，开始花时间和家人在一起，我们就永远不会让家人
19、失望。 1It is a waste of time quarreling with someone like you. 2My sons living up to my expectation really made me proud. 3The story was so funny that we couldnt help laughing. 4The articles are all suitable for children.You cant find a more reliable website. 5The building is visible at a distance of
20、several kilometers. 6As long as we put aside our cellphones and get down to spending time with our family，we will never let our family down. . .用所给动词的适当形式填空 I used to go to the cinema near our community.It was old and rather uncomfortable，but it attracted me and my young fellows very much.Now they h
21、ave stopped 1._(show) films.The owner would like to go on 2._(run) the cinema ， but he would need 3._(make) a lot of improvements，which would mean 4._(spend) tens of thousands of pounds.I still remember 5._(watch) the last film at that cinema.It was a murder mystery.It was five minutes from the end
22、and we were trying 6_(work) out who the murderer was when suddenly all the lights went out and the film stopped.We sat in the dark for a few minutes， and then the owner appeared with a torch.“I regret 7._(tell) you，” he said，“that our electricity has failed.I dont mean 8._(disappoint) you，but I am a
23、fraid we cant show you the end of the film.We have tried 9._(phone) the electricity company， but they say they cant help.” He went on 10._(explain) to the audience how the film ended.I didnt understand the story，but I dont regret 11._(go) to the cinema that night. 1.showing 2 running 3 to make 4 spe
24、nding 5 watching 6 .to work7to tell 8 to disappoint 9 phoning 10 to explain 11 going .单句写作 1和比尔争论是没有用的，因为他永远不会改变主意。 _- 2乘公共汽车上学通常要花我 10 分钟时间。 _- 3袁隆平博士是一位著名的科学家，他一直致力于水稻研究。 _- 4既然你们三个都到了，我们就开始着手处理那个复杂的问题吧。 _- 5无论有多忙，父母都应该抽出一些时间来陪伴孩子。 _- 1 It is no use arguing with Bill，because he will never change h
25、is mind. 2 Going to school by bus usually takes me 10 minutes. 3 Dr Yuan Longping is a famous scientist，who has devoted himself to doing research on rice. 4 Now that you three have all arrived，lets get down to dealing with that complicated problem. 5 No matter how busy they are，parents should spare some time to accompany their children.
