1、译林版 2020 必修三课文原文 Unit 1 TheAmazon rainforest: a natural treasure Welcome to the jungle，a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem. The
2、Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River, from which the rainforest
3、 gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometers in length roughly 100 kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world
4、can be found here. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient Brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. A
5、t the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many meters above the g
6、round. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungles plant life. This jaguar is one example.It has a yellowishbrown coat with black spots. While a significant numb
7、er of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forests food chain. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients
8、to the earth. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet
9、there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger o
10、f extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”? Unit 2 Natural disasters Pupils lives spared during Falmont earthquake By Raymond Tran 18 March FALMONT On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthqua
11、ke that hit the county at 2：27 pm. Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was teaching when the floor began to shake. Her students reaction was quick an
12、d correct they moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks. At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but th
13、e students remained still and waited calmly and quietly. The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. Within one minute and twen
14、ty seconds, the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound， they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other. Girl saves 100 from tsunami By Jessie Cable 21 December NEWDAL
15、E On 20 December, a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead. Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life. A 10yearold girl, Sabrina Andron, helped around 100 people escape danger
16、 with her knowledge of tsunamis. The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking, running or simply sitting on the sandy beach, enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair. Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd. “The water
17、was like the bubbles on the top of a beer，” she later explained. “It wasnt calm and it wasnt going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” Sabrina had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. Sabr
18、ina was frightened，but she soon kept her head. She warned her parents of the danger, though at first they just thought she was joking. However, Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief， the officer immedi
19、ately realized the coming danger. The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. Unit 3 The Internet: a world without frontiers The Internet has the power to connect people across the world to a single shared community. Billions of people in different par
20、ts of the world have joined it already, and obviously many more will follow. Even in the countryside, the Internet enables people to reach beyond their villages and get in touch with the outside world. We can achieve almost anything online with access to the Internet come some truly lifechanging adv
21、antages. One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information. To a certain extent, the worlds knowledge is all at our fingertips.With the click of a mouse or the touch of a button, it is possible to find out almost anything we care to know
22、, from recipes to travel packages, from military affairs to learning resources. In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results. No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information.
23、 The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce, more commonly known as ecommerce. You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites. Gone are the days of searching shop after shop for the perfect
24、 pair of boots you can compare styles and prices quickly and easily in the comfort of your living room. Whywait hopelessly for a taxi in the cold rain? It is now simple and fast to order one with a taxi app. Sit back and relax indoors for a few warm minutes until the driver arrives. When you wish to
25、 go on holiday, you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer. Forgot to carry cash? There is no need to worry you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone. Above all else， the Internet helps us establish and maintain social ties. With all sorts of communication sof
26、tware, physical distance no longer gets in the way. No matter where we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones, find longlost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. An instant message, a group chat, a video call, acomment on an update there are endless ways to
27、share our views or let someone know we care about them. However, while the Internet brings many valuable advantages, being connected has its problems. As with any great invention, we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly. Only in this way can the
28、 Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone. It is truly a world without frontiers. Unit 4 Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize By Dina Conner 11 December 2015 Tu Youyou has become the first female scientistof the Peoples Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awar
29、ded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. Born in 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at univ
30、ersity in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiringa broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Tus education was soon t
31、o prove very useful. In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. She collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs. When they fa
32、iled to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. Inspired by an over 1,600yearold text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damag
33、e its effective part. On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited .Tu and her team managed to find solutions to the pro
34、blem. When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers. They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up. Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced an
35、other problem. The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 197
36、2, through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu the most effective part of the qinghao extract. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu was eventually awarded the Nobel Pr
37、ize for her work. In her Nobel Lecture, she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.
