1、新牛津高中英语词汇过关练习十五新牛津高中英语词汇过关练习十五 识记识记 portrait n. 肖像，半身画像，详细的描述，描绘 adj. (文件页面)竖式的，纵向打印格式的 He is a portrait painter. The portrait of her mother was her most prized possession. The article gives a detailed portrait of a great soldier. portrait, drawing, painting, photo, picture 这组词的共同意思是“画”。其区别是： drawin
2、g 指“素描”或“工程图纸”。例如: This is a drawing in pencil.这是一幅铅笔素描。 We produced a working drawing.我们绘制了一幅施工图。 painting 多指油画。例如: There are many paintings in the room.这间屋子里有很多油画。 在表示水彩画时,用 drawing 或 painting 均可。例如: This is a water-colour drawing/painting.这是一幅水彩画。 photo 指“照片”。例如: I have some photos taken in my ho
3、metown.我有一些在家乡拍的照片。 picture 指各种“画，照片或影片”。例如: He has collected some famous pictures.他收集了一些名画。 May I take your picture? 我可以为你拍张照片吗? Lets go and see a good picture.我们去看一部好电影吧。 portrait 指“(人物)肖像”。例如: This portrait looks real.这幅肖像简直像真的。 drawing，illustration，cartoon，diagram，picture，sketch，painting，portrai
4、t 这些名词也表示 “画，图”之意。比较： drawing 指用线条或色彩绘成的图画、简笔画。 illustration 指插入书页之间帮助说明的插图或图解。 cartoon 指幽默或讽刺性漫画，也指动画片。 diagram 多指科技书籍或文献中具有概括解说作用的图表、图样或略图。 picture 指广义的“图画”，多用来指图片、相片、画像。 sketch 通常指画出物体主要特征的图、草案、略图、素描。 painting 指着色的画、油画。 portrait 指肖像，只用于指人，也有“描写、写照”的意思。 landscapen.乡村风景画，风景，景色，山水 vt.对.作景观美化，美化 adj.
5、 横向打印的 Malone looked out at the grey-green featureless landscape. Windmills are a characteristic feature of the Mallorcan landscape. He talked about the loveliness of the landscape. The landscape unfolded before us. I prefer landscape to still life. Select the landscape option when printing the file
6、. The area around the school has also been landscaped. wandervi. 志同道合的人 I have complained to my MP, and urge all, like-minded people to do the same. The Internet allows like-minded scientists to find each other. I appeal to all like-minded people to support me. They wanted to connect with a communit
7、y of like-minded people.(他们想和一群志同道合的人 建立联系。) Brainstorm with a group of like-minded writers. Thats the best way to find like-minded people just like you. liberationn. 解放，摆脱，释放，解放运动 wars of national liberation民族解放战争 He had been present at the liberation of Nazi death camps in Europe. We came off reli
8、ef grain shortly after liberation. Only after liberation is he able to go to school. The national liberation movement was gathering. opposedadj. 强烈反对的，截然不同的 vt. 反对（oppose 的过去式、过去分词） as opposed to而，而不是，相对于，完全不同, 截然相反 They were opposed to negotiations. She is strongly opposed to smoking. They were opp
9、osed to change through violence. Night is opposed to day. This is a tendency towards liberalism, which must also be resolutely opposed. I opposed her marriage to Tom. They think that the power is in what is done as opposed to who is doing it. I am here on business as opposed to a holiday. dominate v
10、t. 志同道合的人 I have complained to my MP, and urge all, like-minded people to do the same. The Internet allows like-minded scientists to find each other. I appeal to all like-minded people to support me. They wanted to connect with a community of like-minded people.(他们想和一群志同道合的人 建立联系。) Brainstorm with a
11、 group of like-minded writers. Thats the best way to find like-minded people just like you. liberationn. 解放，摆脱，释放，解放运动 wars of national liberation民族解放战争 He had been present at the liberation of Nazi death camps in Europe. We came off relief grain shortly after liberation. Only after liberation is he
12、 able to go to school. The national liberation movement was gathering. opposedadj. 强烈反对的，截然不同的 vt. 反对（oppose 的过去式、过去分词） as opposed to而，而不是，相对于，完全不同, 截然相反 They were opposed to negotiations. She is strongly opposed to smoking. They were opposed to change through violence. Night is opposed to day. This
13、 is a tendency towards liberalism, which must also be resolutely opposed. I opposed her marriage to Tom. They think that the power is in what is done as opposed to who is doing it. I am here on business as opposed to a holiday. dominate vt. & vi. 支配，控制，占有优势，俯视，在.中具有最重要或明显的特色，凌驾 The big companies dom
14、inate the lower price points. He denied that his country wants to dominate Europe. He desires to dominate over others. They had the ambition to dominate this small country. The strong usually dominate the weak . Sports, though important, should not dominate our schools. The two new buildings dominat
15、e the whole town. employvt. 运用，使用，雇佣 It is company policy not to employ smokers. Her husband was forced to employ a carer to look after his son Daniel. You must employ someone to oversee the project. Different artists employ different painting techniques. We employ different security techniques to p
16、rotect the database. brushworkn. 画家的笔触，画法，绘画，笔法，画风 I recognized Van Goghs brushwork. Picassos brushwork is particularly fine. realistic adj. 逼真的，栩栩如生的，现实的，实际的，明智的 as realistic as possible力求真实 The waxworks were so realistic! Establish deadlines that are more realistic. He was realistic about difficul
17、ties. We should encourage pupils to set realistic goals. essencen. 本质，精髓，香精，精油 in essence本质上 He was the essence of gentility. The essence of sport is competition. The essence of good management is caring. For many, the essence of French living is to be found in the rural heartlands. Flavor of life i
18、s always sweet, because they always taste the essence of life. The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence. Speed is of the essence in dealing with an emergency. Do you use coffee essence in making cakes? vividadj. 生动的，耀眼的，鲜明的，活泼的，光亮的，逼真的 Pat has vivid recollections of the t
19、rip. The walls had been painted with vivid flowers, dark green trees, a silver blue lake. He has a real gift for vivid description. The sculpture is really very vivid. Television presents a vivid world in front of us. visionn. 远见卓识，视力，视野，想象，洞察力，想像力 tunnel vision目光短浅 Ive had my eyes tested and the re
20、port says that my vision is perfect. How do you cope with the problem of poor vision? As a prime minister, he lacked the strategic vision of, say, someone like Churchill. We need someone with real vision to lead the party. display vt.陈列，展出，显示，表现n. 陈列，展览，表现，展示 vi. 作炫耀行为 The cabinets display 17th-cent
21、ury blue-and-white porcelain. He had an opportunity to fully display his talents. Department stores display their goods in the windows. This correction prevents the menu display from changing. exhibition，exhibit，show，exposition，fair，display 这些名词都可表示“展览”或“展览会”之 意。 exhibition一般指较正规的展览会。 exhibit多指个人或团体
22、陈列的展览品，规模可大可小。 show指艺术品、农产品、工业品或商品等的任何形式的公开展览。 exposition多指大型博览会或国际博览会。 fair侧重指为促销商品而举办的展览会或商品交易会。 display指展销会，商店橱窗或柜台上的陈列品。 worthyadj. 有价值的，值得的，应得的，值得尊敬的，值得注意的 worthy members of the community团体中的德高望重者 This is a worthy English-Chinese dictionary. The event is worthy of being remembered. His behavior
23、 is worthy of praise. The book is well worthy of his reputation. There is nothing worthy of mention. This is behavior worthy of praise. That is worthy of note. This phenomenon is worthy of being studied. This problem is worthy to be considered. calling n. 职业，事业，使命感，呼唤，召集，动词 call 的现在分成 lling card 名片
24、cold calling 无约电话，冷不妨电话 Listen, I can hear someone calling. Hi. Im calling to reserve a taxi. I need a cab this Saturday morning. You might try calling the help desk. Her son had a calling to become a singer. When I graduated from Nantong Teachers College, I thought that teaching kids English was my
25、 true calling. shaden. 阴凉处，阴影部分，色度，树荫，阴暗，少许 vt.遮蔽，使阴暗，隐瞒，使朦胧 I need some shade. There are no trees or bushes to give shade. This artist uses shade to good effect. The portrait shows fine effects of light and shade. He tried to shade his house with thick trees. The colors of the light shaded from blu
26、e into purple. bathe vt.以光线洒满，覆盖，使沐浴在光线里，用水清洗，浸湿 vi.洗澡，游泳，戏水 In Mustique shed bathe naked. Fifty soldiers were taking an early morning bathe in a nearby lake. The police have warned the citys inhabitants not to bathe in the polluted river. Most of us bathe or shower once a day. The doctor advised hi
27、m to bathe in the suns rays. Water is essential for life to drink, bathe, cook, clean, grow food, fuel engines, support ecosystems. The sun rose high in the sky, bathing the hill in its golden lights. pixeln. (电视图像的)像素，图素，映像点 image pixels象素 The smaller each pixel, the greater their number and thus t
28、he higher the resolution of the picture.(单个像素越小，像素数目就越多，图片的分辨率就越高。) Agreat painting can be reduced to a few million pixels. wagevt.开始，发动，从事，进行n.一般按周领取的工资，工资，工钱，薪水 wage drift工资浮动 Wage differences in the two areas are widening. He was handing the men their brown wage packets. The employer also says mi
29、nimum wage rules dont apply to piecework. In our family both my husband and I are wage earners. The government is waging a campaign against sex discrimination in industry. No country wants to wage a nuclear war. The government has pledged itself to wage a war against poverty and disease. campaignn.
30、宣传活动，运动，战役 vt. & vi.发起运动，参加活动，参加竞选 campaign for. 竞选. The allies are intensifying their air campaign. They are planning a new campaign against corruption. The campaign to seize the city was a failure. He announced that he would campaign for the senate. We are campaigning against corruption in governm
31、ent. architecturen. 建筑设计，建筑风格，建筑学，建筑，结构，构造，建筑物 chip architecture芯片结构 Exciting artistic breakthroughs have recently occurred in the fields of painting, sculpture, and architecture. This church is a fine example of Norman architecture. He obtained a diploma in architecture. The architecture of this ho
32、use is very substantial. The Forbidden City is one of the worlds greatest works of architecture. toastn.土司，烤面包片，干杯，祝酒，祝酒词vt.为.干杯，烤，取暖 make a toast祝酒，致祝酒词 The coffee was untouched, the toast had cooled. toast the achievement庆功 The waiters went around charging peoples glasses ready for the toast. Id l
33、ike to drink a toast to our hostess. We breakfasted on toast and coffee. He spread some strawberry jam on his toast. I should like to propose a toast to the bride and bridegroom. They toast their feet in front of the fire. Lets toast the friendship between two countries. garlicn. 蒜，大蒜 green garlic 青
34、蒜 garlic oil 蒜油 His breath smelt of garlic. Can you taste the garlic in this dish? Garlic is widely used in Chinese folk medicine. The flavour of the garlic overpowered the meat. He doesnt eat raw garlic. Garlic is very useful for your beauty. mushroom n. 蘑菇，菌类植物 vi.很快生长，迅速蔓延 adj.洋菇的，蘑菇状的，快速生长的 Ther
35、e are many types of wild mushroom. Some mushrooms are poisonous. I gathered many mushrooms after rain. The mushroom cloud of the A-bomb hung over the desert again. Lets go mushrooming. New blocks of flats and offices have mushroomed all over the city. arrange vt. & vi. 整理，布置，安排，筹备，计划，协定，解决 Call cent
36、re workers can arrange to work different shifts. Arrange all the vegetables except the potatoes in layers. My wife and I want to see the places of interest in Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Zhuhai. Can you arrange a tour for us? They arrange the transfer of patients to other hospitals by air ambulance. The
37、 staff will be happy to help arrange for you to swim, sail, or water-ski. You must arrange these books in alphabetical order. I have arranged one of my staff to meet you at the airport. Her parents are busy arranging for her wedding ceremony. rawadj.未经加工的，自然状态的，生的，无经验的，为烹制的 raw material原材料 Analyses
38、were conducted on the raw data. Exploitable raw materials were in short supply. We imported raw rubber from Malaysia. Do you want your vegetables cooked or raw? She makes use of people she meets as raw material for her fiction. scrolln. 长卷纸，卷轴，卷状物，漩涡状的花纹 vt. 把.写在卷轴上，使成卷轴 scroll up上滚，上卷 Use the up an
39、d down arrows to scroll the list. Move around with horizontal and vertical scroll bars. That scroll of Chinese painting is theirs . At the ceremony he was presented with a scroll commemorating his achievement. As you type, your old data will scroll up. insightn.洞悉，了解，洞察力，领悟，眼光 His work offers an ins
40、ight into an alien culture(异域文化). He got his first insight into how inhumane employers can be. He had the insight to recognize their talents. Ive got an insight into the problem. The book is filled with remarkable insights. cropn. 庄稼，作物，收成，产量 vt.刈，割，播种 crop circle 麦田圈，麦田怪圈 cash crop 经济作物，现金作物，商品作物 c
41、rop production 作物生产，种植业 grain crop 谷类作物 crop yield 粮食产量 In the lean years, crop failures are common. In the Middle Ages, years of crop failure were always followed by terrible disease. Each year it produces a fine crop of fruit. Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their crops by hand. The U.S.
42、 government says that this years corn crop should be about 8 percent more than last year. Although these vegetables adapt well to our temperate climate, they tend to crop poorly. wind vi. & vt. 蜿蜒，迂回，上发条，缠绕n. 风，缠绕，弯曲 high wind大风 wind ones way蜿蜒而行 The wind struck with an icy, penetrative power. Trees
43、 bowed in the wind. His promises are merely wind. The river winds to the sea. She asked me to wind the wool for her. Did you wind your watch this morning ? You have to wind a handle at the side of your telephone. Give the handle another couple of winds. butchern. 屠夫，肉贩子 vt. 屠宰，残杀，搞砸，糟蹋 butchers shop
44、 肉店，肉铺 He was a butcher of innocents. Many western countries raise and butcher a large number of beef cattle. The sheep were butchered for meat. go about sth忙于做某事，继续做某事 Despite the food poison, the students went about their studies as usual. I know I must go about my business now. apparentadj. 显而易见的
45、，明白易懂的，显然的 The injurious effects of the flood are everywhere apparent. The cause of the accident was not immediately apparent. The reason for the worry became apparent almost at once. It was apparent to all that he was guilty. She had many good qualities despite her apparent rudeness. If she had inn
46、er doubts, it was not apparent to anyone else. inkn.墨水，墨汁，油墨 vt. 使用墨水写，涂墨水 I looked at the pen and ink drawing. The printer has a monitor which displays the ink levels. His hands were covered with ink from the newspaper. Theres an ink stain on your shirt. He has run out of red ink. These ink stains
47、wont wash out. perspectiven. 透视法，态度，观点，客观判断力，景观 ，远景，想法 adj.透视的 perspective view透视图 The school has been attempting to bring a multicultural perspective to its curriculum. The discipline of social policy itself takes on a more internationalist perspective. It was impossible for me to identify with his
48、 religious perspective. Do you agree with this perspective? Afine perspective opened out before us. The painting provides us with one of the earliest examples of the use of perspective. preciseadj.细致的，精细的，准确的，精确的，恰好的 precise definition精确定义 Its precise chemical properties are unknown. I wonder what t
49、heyre doing at this precise moment. The text is precise and informative. The precise details of the origins of life remain hidden. With the new technique, measurement was claimed to be much more precise. Precise employees are highly appreciated in our company. ambitious adj.有雄心的，有野心的，宏大的，艰巨的，有志气的，抱负
50、不凡的，胸怀大志的 She is tough and ambitious. In the later stages of his directorial career, Orson Welles began work on several ambitious films. Mr. Lin is an ambitious businessman. I ought to do something a bit more ambitious. The ambitious boy learned very quickly. Only ambitious students get the best mar
