（2021新）牛津译林版高中英语选修一课文及译文.zip

译林牛津（2020）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 food matters Reading及译文（P1-5） Food keeps us healthy and energetic. It can also do more than that. The article below, from a food magazine, discusses the idea of comfort food. Before you read the article, think about the following questions: What do you think the article will talk about according to the title? What foods can have an impact on your feelings? 食物使我们健康和精力旺盛。它也远不与此。下面来自一本食物杂志的文章讨 论治愈系食物理念。在阅读文章之前，思考以下的问题： 根据标题，你认为文章将谈论什么？ 什么食物对你的情感有影响？ comfort food（治愈系食物） Whenever I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails: rice, milk and sugar, cooked low and slow. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. With pleasure, I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandmas flat, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding. I take my time over every spoonful, gently rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk. Before I know it, Im happy again. 每当感到孤独，我都有一个屡试不爽的秘方：大米，牛奶和糖，小火慢炖。 不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。有时候仅仅闻一闻味儿 就能奏效，更不要说那美妙，滑腻的口感了。它像一台时光机器，立即将我带 回欢乐的童年，欣欣然，我回忆起那些精彩的周末午后，那时我常常是在外婆 温暖的公寓里，一边听她讲那些精彩的故事，一边一碗接一碗贪婪地吃着她做 的美味的大米布丁。我细细品尝每一勺，让滑腻的甜点在我口中轻轻翻转，享 受米糊和牛奶的完美融合。不知不觉中，我便又开心起来了。 My experience with rice pudding illustrates the unique power of “comfort food”. In its broadest sense, comfort food refers to any food that makes us feel better. In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. It often makes up for bad feelings by helping us recall happy memories of the people, things or places we love. 我关于大米布丁的经历说明了“治愈系食物”的独特力量。从广义上说，治愈 系食物指的是任何能改善我们心情的食物。在本文里，我们要特别讲一类治愈 系食物，它的力量主要在于它所唤起的联想。它常常通过帮助我们回忆起所爱 之人、所爱之物、所爱之地的快乐往事，来消解不良情绪。 Our comfort foods are highly individual. They vary from person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions. For example, we often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood and its flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of. When we eat it again, we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after, and this cheers us up. 治愈系食物相当个性化。它们由塑造我们人生的独特经历决定，因人而异。 如果我们从小在家就吃某些特定的食物，这些食物就很容易与积极的情绪产生 关联。比如，我们经常把鸡汤与快乐的童年联系在一起，它的味道与被关爱的 感觉相关。当再次喝鸡汤时，我们解锁记忆，回想起受到疼爱与关怀的时光， 这就会让我们的情绪变好。 The feeling of happiness and sense of belonging can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country. According to some food experts, there are some aspects of culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory, family and place. It is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with. Of course, each persons comfort food largely depends on where they come fromfor a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar, and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, served hot, salty and sour. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. 这种幸福感与归属感对于离开故国的人而言会变得尤为重要。据一些食物专 家所言，文化中的某些方面人们很快会失去，但对于食物，则有更多机会与回 忆、与家、与处所关联。从小到大的食物最难割舍。当然，每个人的治愈系食 物（是什么）很大程度上取决于他们来自何方- 对一个中国人来说，可能是一盘饺子配上一碟醋；而对于一个土生土长的英国 人来说，则可能是经典的炸鱼薯条，热腾腾地端上来，咸中带酸。一口治愈系 食物带我们回到自己文化的根，带来我们渴望的“家的味道”，让我们一解怀乡 之情。 Thats certainly true for me. Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good. It isnt just a bowl of noodles or chicken soup. Its food for the soul. 对我而言，的确如此。治愈系食物味道可口，通过与我们快乐的回忆之间建 立情感联系，它让我们心情不错。它不仅仅是一碗面条或鸡汤，它是心灵的食 量。 P5 When we are in low spirits, we may cry out for things that give us comfort and a sense of security. Since it brings back happy memories of the past or offers an opportunity to connect with our home culture, comfort food can often do the trick . However, there is another type of comfort food, which generates positive emotions in a different way. Food high in calories may also make us feel better. As desserts like cakes are digested, blood sugar levels can go up quickly. As a result, we will be in a better mood after eating the comfort food. However, the sharp increase in blood sugar will cause the body to produce a special chemical to remove it. When the chemical lowers blood sugar levers, we are likely to feel sad again and will greedily eat more comfort food. There is then the danger of entering a cycle of highs and lows where more and more comfort food, high in carbohydrates, need to be eaten. This links with health problems like being overweight. 当我们情绪低落时，我们可能急需要给我们安慰和安全感的东西。既然它能唤 起我们对过去的美好回忆，或者提供一个与我们家乡文化联系的机会，治愈系 食物通常就能起作用。但是，有另外一类治愈系食物，它以一种不同的方式产 生积极的情感。富含卡洛里高的食物也使我们感觉更好，随着像蛋糕之类的甜 点被消化，血糖会很快上升。结果，我们在吃了治愈系食物之后，情绪就会更 高。但是，血糖急剧上升会使身体产生一种特别的化学物质来去除它。当化学 物质降低血糖时，我们很可能会再次感到伤心，将会贪婪地吃更多的治愈系食 物。然后就会进入血糖或高或低的恶性循环危险之中，就需要吃越来越多富含 碳水化合物的治愈系食物。它与超重等问题有关。 Comfort food is an important tool in helping us relieve tension and feel good about ourselves. However, be aware of the hidden dangers of high-calorie comfort food! 治愈系食物在帮助我们缓解紧张和使自己感觉好方面是一个很重要的工具。但 是，要意识到高卡路里治愈系食物的隐藏危险 译林牛津（2020）高中英语选择性必修第 一册Unit 1Extended reading 原文及翻译Extended reading Read the following entries from the blog of a food critic who is eating his way through traditional Chinese foods. Eating in China食在中国 7 March,Sichuan hot pot 3月7日，四川火锅 The mouth-watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. I gave it my first try last night, together with a few local friends. As the soup bubbled slowly over a gas burner in the middle of the table, its surface was covered with a beautiful layer or chillies, Sichuan peppers, spring onions and red oil. Slowly at first, and then faster and faster, we tipped plates of fresh meat, fish and vegetables into the pot. The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. 令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外，那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜， 或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。昨晚，我第一次尝试了四川火锅，是与几位当 地的朋友一道吃的。桌子正中的煤气炉上，汤缓缓地冒着泡，表面覆盖着一层 辣椒，花椒和红油，甚是好看。我们把一盘盘新鲜的肉、鱼和 菠菜倒进锅里，一开始慢，到后来越来越快，热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有 兴致，这顿饭成了与友人放松的最佳方式。 Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate in which they were invented. They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. In the beginning, the delicious dish was made simply by boiling vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water. Over time, it has expanded to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours. I instantly became a big fan of Sichuan hot pots and Ill soon be back for more! 四川火锅非常适合其发源地潮湿多雾的气候。人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时 是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种方法。一开始，美味的火锅只不过是 将菠菜、辣椒和花椒用水煮。后来，火锅的内容逐渐丰富，包括各式汤底以及 品种多样的菠菜、肉和调料，满足了人们不同的口味。我最喜欢四川火锅的一 点在于，它为朋友间的交往提供了很棒的机会，因为一顿饭能吃上好几个小时 。我瞬间成了四川火锅的“铁杆粉丝”，我很快会再回来吃的。 12 August, Nanjing salted duck 8月12日，南京盐水鸭 Salted duck is Nanjings most famous food export. Several plain in thin, white slices, the meat is juicy and salty. Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare, and the process includes salting, drying, boiling and cooling. As I finished my first helping on a recent afternoon in Nanjing, my host, Chef Zhang, told me a little more about the dish. 盐水鸭是南京最有名的特色食品。鸭肉简单地切成白白的薄片，多汁带咸。每 只盐水鸭都要经过腌、晾、煮、凉等工序，耗费数天制成。前几天下午，我在 南京吃完我第一份盐水鸭后，做东的张大厨给我介绍了一下这道菜。 The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for its ducks for centuries; its countless waterways make the area perfect for raising waterbirds. A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular, saying it was without equal. Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate for the hot summer months. Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing! It definitely hit the spot when I tried it, and it has become one of my personal favourites. 南京周边的乡村因为鸭子已经驰名中外数百年，这一带水网密布，非常适合养 殖水禽。一本清末的地方志尤其盛赞盐水鸭，称其无与伦比。传统上鸭肉被认 为性凉，所以适宜在炎热的夏季食用。如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估 计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！我一尝，它正对我胃口，盐水鸭已经成了我 最钟爱的美食之一。 8 December, Cantonese dim sum 12月8日，广东点心 In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea?” has become the local version of “Good morning.” Though teahouses have been common in China since the Tang Dynasty, the Cantonese innovation of the mid-19th century was to serve tea together with a variety of light dishes, or dim sum. The concept took off, and today Guangzhous restaurants stimulate customers appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last. 在广东，早茶在日常生活中的地位是如此重要，以至于“饮茶未”（粤语，意为 “你吃早茶了吗”- 译者注）成了当地人问候早安的方式。虽说茶馆在中国从唐代开始司空见惯了 ，但19世纪中叶广东人的创新在于将茶佐以各种小菜或点心。这种观念时兴起 来，如今广州的餐厅用一千多道点心刺激着食客的食欲，一道比一道精致，可 口。 The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfast, as I found when I visited a restaurant in Guangzhous old city centre this morning, The emphasis is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure, and locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. From beef balls to rice noodle rolls, there are various dishes that have been baked, boiled, steamed or fried. A single visit is not enough to appreciate everything, and I have a long list of dim sum I still need to try. 广东人用早餐并不匆忙，正如今天早晨我在广东老城区中心的一家餐厅所见的 那样，重点是谈生意，话家常、说乐子。当地人可以花上几个小时一起谈天， 饮茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心。从牛丸到肥肠，烤、煮、蒸、炸的菜品各 式各样，来一次不足以尝个遍，我列出了一个长长的清单，都是以后要品尝的 点心。 译林牛津（2020）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit 4 Exploring poetry 课文及译文 Reading How to read a poem 如何阅读诗歌如何阅读诗歌 Poetry is a combination of “sound” and “sense”. More than any other type of literature, it usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page . So, how to reveal this hidden dimension? 诗歌是诗歌是“音音”与与“意意”的融合。与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通的融合。与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通 常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。那么，如何揭示隐藏的这个方面常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。那么，如何揭示隐藏的这个方面 呢？呢？ First, follow your ears. While you may ask “What does it mean?” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound?” Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp,you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. Do you detect a rhythm? Are there any repeated words,rhymes or other special effects? All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may lead you to a better understanding of the poem in the end. Read these lines to feel how they sound. 首先，凭听觉的指引。当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：首先，凭听觉的指引。当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问： “这这 是什么意思？是什么意思？”但最好问一句：但最好问一句： “它听起来怎么样？它听起来怎么样？”即使你也许即使你也许 把握不住这首诗的正在含义，但是当你大声朗读时，你总是可以说把握不住这首诗的正在含义，但是当你大声朗读时，你总是可以说 说这首诗听上去如何。你能感觉到节奏吗？有没有重复词、押韵或说这首诗听上去如何。你能感觉到节奏吗？有没有重复词、押韵或 其他特别的效果？所有这些都是值得注意的特质，它们可能最终会其他特别的效果？所有这些都是值得注意的特质，它们可能最终会 帮助你更好地理解这首诗。朗读下面这几句诗，感受它们的音律。帮助你更好地理解这首诗。朗读下面这几句诗，感受它们的音律。 Sweet and low, sweet and low,轻轻地，柔和地；轻轻地，柔和地 Wind of the western sea, 西边的海风 Low, low, breathe and blow, 吹过，拂过，轻轻，轻轻 Wind of the western seal!西边的海风！ Over the rolling waters go,；来自月色朦胧， Come from the dying moon,and below,拂过波涛汹涌， Blow him again to me;请将他再吹响我； While my little one, while my pretty one,sleeps. 当我的小宝贝，小可爱，已入梦 (From “Sweet and Low”by Alfred Tennyson) （摘自 Alfred Tennyson 轻轻地，柔和地） Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking? Who is being talked to? What is being described? Is there a sense of place? Are there other people or objects there? As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind. What are those images, and what happens when they are put together? This combination is often complex or even contradictory. As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. Read these lines, pay attention to the image of the caged bird and try to find out what it means. 第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。 问自己一些关于这首诗的基本问题。说话的是谁？正在和谁说话？问自己一些关于这首诗的基本问题。说话的是谁？正在和谁说话？ 描述的是什么？有感觉到某个地点吗？那里还有其他人或物吗？当描述的是什么？有感觉到某个地点吗？那里还有其他人或物吗？当 你探索这首诗的时候，你的脑海会开始浮现一些画面。这些画面是你探索这首诗的时候，你的脑海会开始浮现一些画面。这些画面是 什么？把它们组合起来会发生什么？这种组合通常是复杂的，甚至什么？把它们组合起来会发生什么？这种组合通常是复杂的，甚至 是矛盾的。当你慢慢探索周围环境时，你会开始挖掘线索，这些线是矛盾的。当你慢慢探索周围环境时，你会开始挖掘线索，这些线 索会让你更好地理解这首诗。读下面这几句诗，注意索会让你更好地理解这首诗。读下面这几句诗，注意“笼中鸟笼中鸟”的的 形象，试着弄清它意味着什么形象，试着弄清它意味着什么. . The caged bird sings 笼中之鸟， with a fearful trill 撕心裂肺，啼啭啾啾 of things unknown 所唱是未知之物， but longed for still 却依然渴求 and his tune is heard on the distant hill 歌声传到了远处的山丘 for the caged bird sings of freedom. 因为笼中的鸟儿在歌唱自由。 (From “Caged Bird” by Maya Angelou) （摘自玛雅 安吉洛笼中鸟） Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort, just have some patience. You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later.As an explorer, you will not reach your goal immediately- you need to go on a journey to a remote and unknown destination. This may seem difficult at first, but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded. Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. Read these lines and try to find out what they mean. 第三，如果你下了很大的功夫可还是纠结于理解一首诗的第三，如果你下了很大的功夫可还是纠结于理解一首诗的 意思，那就耐心一点吧。你不可能正在理解只读过一遍的意思，那就耐心一点吧。你不可能正在理解只读过一遍的 诗。有时，读懂一首诗可能是一辈子的事。所以如果你没诗。有时，读懂一首诗可能是一辈子的事。所以如果你没 有读懂某一首诗，那就暂且先放在一边，以后再读。作为有读懂某一首诗，那就暂且先放在一边，以后再读。作为 一个探索者，你不会立刻抵达你的目标一个探索者，你不会立刻抵达你的目标-你需要踏上旅你需要踏上旅 程，去一个遥远未知的目的地。这一开始可能看起来很难，程，去一个遥远未知的目的地。这一开始可能看起来很难， 但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。有些但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。有些 诗的深层内涵和之前未领会的意义会不断显现，相比之下，诗的深层内涵和之前未领会的意义会不断显现，相比之下， 那些浅显的诗往往倒没那么有趣了。读下面这几句诗，看那些浅显的诗往往倒没那么有趣了。读下面这几句诗，看 看是什么意思吧。看是什么意思吧。 Whose woods these are I think I know. 我想我知道这片林子的主人， His houses is in the village though; 尽管他住在山村。 He will not see me stopping here 他不会见我驻足于此， To watch his woods fill up with snow. 凝视着他积满白雪的树林。 (From “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening “by Robert Frost)（摘自 Robert Frost 雪夜林边小驻） Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort. 最后请记住，欣赏一首诗，并非得完全理解它不可。你可最后请记住，欣赏一首诗，并非得完全理解它不可。你可 能需要抛开逻辑思维以发现诗歌