1、第 1 页 共 30 页 【新教材】人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册课文中英对照 （Unit 1 | Reading and Thinking） TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖 6 October 20152015 年 10 月 6 日 This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucia
2、l new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,
3、and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone. 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促使了 青蒿素的发现。这是一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法。青蒿素挽救了数十万人 的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。全世界每年有超过 2 亿人罹患疟疾，约 60 万人死于疟疾。 青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分， 据认为仅在非洲一年 就能挽救 10 万人的生命。 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, o
4、n 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria,
5、 and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria 第 2 页 共 30 页 was more common, to study malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional bo
6、tanical treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280, 000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. 屠呦呦，一位坚定而
7、耐心的科学家，1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于中国宁波， 1955 年毕业于北京大学医学院。毕业后，她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。1967 年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是 其中首批入选的研究人员。在开始的时候，屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者，在那 里疟疾更常见。1969 年，她成为北京项目的负责人，并决定复阅中国古代医学文 献，以寻找这种疾病的传统的植物疗法。她的团队查阅了 2 000 多本古老的医学 文献，并对 280 000 种植物的药用性能进行了评估。在他们的研究中，他们发现 并测试了 380 种不同的中国古代医疗方法，这些方法为抗击疟疾带来了希
8、望。 One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tus team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not
9、work either. Their project got stuck. However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properti
10、es. Using a lower temperature to draw out 第 3 页 共 30 页 the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the m
11、edicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine，which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. 一本四世纪的医药文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队测试 了一批干艾叶，但没有发现效果。然后，他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提 取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。他们的计划陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并 不承认失败。她又分析了一遍医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，建议用另一种方法 来处理青
12、蒿。她的结论是，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的医学特性。她用较低的温度提 取提取物， 发现了一种有效的物质。 在失败了 190 多次之后， 这个团队终于在 1971 年成功了。屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安 全的。后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分受试患者都康复了。 这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。 According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Pri
13、ze, she said,“The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me，and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.” 屠呦呦说，青蒿素的发现是一个团队努力的结果
14、。当听到自己被授予诺贝尔 奖时，她说： “这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队，还有我的国家的 全体人民。这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科研和中医药走向世界，确 第 4 页 共 30 页 实是一种荣誉。 ” （Unit 1 | Using Language）新人教选择性必修 B1U1 P8 THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE 改变了我们对宇宙认识的人 Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics，is often
15、considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc2. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. 阿尔伯特爱因斯坦，也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家
16、，通常被认为是 有史以来最聪明的人之一。他对世界做出了许多贡献，其中最著名的是广义相对 论和著名的公式 E=mc2。爱因斯坦不仅是一个天才，还是一个勇敢而善良的人， 受到许多人的喜爱。 This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite obtain
17、ing exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. 这位文静的天才于 1879 年 3 月 14 日出生于德国。16 岁时，他曾试图去瑞 士上大学，尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩，但由于入学考试的综合 部分分数较低，他未能如愿。经过又一年的学习，他通过了考试，1896 年进入大 学，并于 1900 年毕业。 第 5 页 共
18、30 页 After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in s
19、cience, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Pri
20、ze for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. 在找了两年的教师工作后，爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局找到了一份职员的工作。 在此工作期间，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于 1905 年获得了物理 学博士学位。同年，他发表了四篇杰出的物理学论文，这一年后来被誉为科学史 上的奇迹之年。此后，他逐渐以新艾萨克牛顿闻名于世。四年后，他辞去了专 利局的工作，进入一所大学做全职研究。1922 年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授 予 1921 年诺贝尔物理学奖。 Circumstances changed in 1933, when
21、Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following t
22、hat, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics. 1933 年，当希特勒在德国掌权时，情况发生了变化。爱因斯坦是犹太人，他 发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时 第 6 页 共 30 页 间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。此后，他继续在物理 和数学方面取得了巨大成就。 To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick
23、 moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about how h
24、e helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Profe
25、ssor Einstein!” 在公众看来，他看似有点古怪，但很善良又有趣的人。他胡须浓密，有时白 发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。虽然他是个天才，但他有时会忘记一些事情，比如 他朋友的生日。尽管他性格古怪，但他深受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至还有一个关 于他如何帮助一个小女孩的故事： 这个女孩敲了他的门， 请求他帮她做家庭作业。 事实上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，请他帮忙解释一些事 情。经过多次这样的场合后，他终于开始说： “对不起！对不起！我总是被误认 为是爱因斯坦教授！ ” On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had pa
26、ssed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 1955 年 4 月 18 日，有报道说爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为一位杰出科学家 的逝世而哀悼。 第 7 页 共 30 页 （Unit 2 | Reading and Thinking） SMART HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER 智能家居让生活更轻松 Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house? Or, have you ever forgotten
27、 to switch off the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, and can sometimes lead to problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we
28、forget. These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 你有没有曾忘记锁门？或者，你曾经忘记关掉电视或电脑吗？这种事情经常 发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时还会导致问题。然而，在不远的将来，我们将 生活在智能住宅中。当我们外出时，智能家居会为我们锁门；当我们忘记关电视 时，智能家居会记得关掉它。这些智能住宅将使我们安全，节省能源，并提供一 个更舒适的居住环境。 Intelligent Controls 智能控制 Tod
29、ay, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell wh
30、en you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself. You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself. Your home will also learn 第 8 页 共 30 页 your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each
31、evening. Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home
32、 system will obey. 今天，我们必须使用电灯的开关，电器的旋钮，电视和空调的遥控器 。在 未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。未来的 家庭将使用集成的传感器来告诉你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自己进入节能 模式。你将不再需要考虑自己打开和关闭开关。你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和 偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。你一进家门，灯就会亮 起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准 备好了。并且你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。所有的控制都会响应语音指 令，所以如果你想改变你的日常工作，你只要大声说出你想要什么，
33、家庭系统就 会服从。 Regular Health Checks 定期健康检查 In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. Your bed, for example, will record how well you sleep every night. It will also be checking your body weight. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning t
34、o your phone. It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better. Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical 第 9 页 共 30 页 illness, such as cancer, and potentially
35、save your life. 此外，你的智能家居每天都会监测你的健康状况。例如，你的床会记录你每 晚的睡眠质量。它也会检查你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你 的手机发送警告。它还会为你提供更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。智能马 桶也会持续记录你的健康状况。 如果有什么不正常的情况， 或者你有严重的疾病， 比如癌症，它们可以提前警告你，并可能挽救你的生命。 No More Disasters 没有更多的灾难 Smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage from accidents. For example, if a wa
36、ter pipe starts leaking, or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. This way, you will be able to fix the problem before your home becomes flooded or catches fire. 智能家居将能够防止事故造成的严重损害。例如，如果水管漏水或发生电线 短路，你的智能房屋将会探测出来，并给
37、你提供相关的信息。这样，你就能在房 子被水淹或着火之前解决这个问题。 This smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this
38、 new technology. 这种智能技术不是幻想。许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并在一些家庭中 使用。从这种意义上来讲，明天的家已经是今天的家了。然而，要让大多数新家 庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。 第 10 页 共 30 页 （Unit 2 | Using Language）新人教选择性必修 B1U2 P20 SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY?我们应该抵制新技术吗？ This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mod
39、e”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the c
40、ar company had already apologised for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon. 今天早上，我看到了一个令人震惊的标题： “无人驾驶模式下的车祸导致乘 客死亡” 。在这篇文章中，很多人说公众应该反对开发无人驾驶汽车的想法。他 们说，一些技术进步
41、是不必要的，甚至可能是危险的。因此，我们应该停止仅仅 因为技术是新的就接受它。该报报道称，该汽车公司已经就这次事故道歉，但死 者家属表示这还不够。尽管如此，该公司仍然宣称，不久的将来，大多数人将乘 坐无人驾驶汽车出行。 On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christia
42、ns living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century, and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. T
43、hey 第 11 页 共 30 页 think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amishs quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities. 一方面，世界上有许多不同的群体，他
44、们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活 着。 最著名的可能是阿曼门诺派， 一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。 他们没有汽车、 不开车，不看电视，也不使用互联网。自 18 世纪以来，他们主要以农民的身份 生活，在遥远的将来，他们可能也会以同样的方式生活。他们提倡简单的生活， 强调努力工作、家庭和社区。他们认为这比关心奢侈品或追随富人和名人的生活 要好。甚至可以说，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更好，因为他们生活在自然环境中， 欣赏自然，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。 On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many
45、benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programmes give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides
46、of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. 另一方面，新技术多年来为各地的人们提供了许多好处。例如，最新的天气 跟踪计算机程序给人们提供了许多关于潜在自然灾害的警告，这挽救了许多人的 生命。此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。它 还让人们更容易在生活中寻找机会，因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交更多的 第
47、 12 页 共 30 页 朋友。 Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the w
48、ay we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 就我个人而言，我从技术进步中获益匪浅。我通过一个社交媒体网络找到了 我作为 AI 设计师的职业生涯。我一直戴着健康监测器，它也帮助我进入了最佳 状态。当然，当新技术改变了我们的生活方式，这可能是一个可怕的前景。然而， 我总是会看到变化积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。 UNIT 3 FASCINATING PARKS
49、Reading and Thinking SAREK NATIONAL PARKEUROPES HIDDEN NATURAL TREASURE 萨勒克国家公园欧洲隐藏的自然宝藏 1 A Summer Where the Sun Never Sleeps I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. Im above th
50、e Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets. Checking my watch, I see that it is 7: 30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below. Im in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a pl
