1、2022 届高考英语一轮复习题型组合训练（Day 4） 今日训练内容：完型填空+语法填空+书面表达 3 篇 一、完型填空一、完型填空 Almost all animals sleep, but do they dream? We certainly cant ask animals if they dream, but we can at least1the evidence that they might. There are two ways in which scientists have gone about this seemingly2task. One is to look at
2、 their physical behaviour during the various stages of the sleep cycle. The second is to see whether their sleeping brains work similarly to our own sleeping brains. The story of how we3how to look into the minds of sleeping animals begins in the 1960s. Back then, reports began to appear in medical
3、journals describing people acting out4 in their dreams. This was curious, because during so-called REM sleep(rapid eye movement), our muscles are usually paralysed. Researchers realised that causing a similar state in5could allow them to explore how they dream. In 1965, French scientists Michel Jouv
4、et and J F Delorme found that removing a part of the brainstem, called the pons, from a cats brain6it becoming paralysed when in REM. The researchers called the condition REM without atonia or REM-A Instead of lying still, the cats walked around and behaved aggressively. This hinted they were dreami
5、ng of7from their waking hours. 8movement is not the only way of looking into dreams, though. Researchers can now 9look into the electrical and chemical activities of brain cells in animals while they sleep. In 2007, MIT scientists Kenway Louise and Matthew Wilson recorded the activity of neurons in
6、a part of the rat brain called the hippocampus, a structure known to be involved in the formation and encoding of memories. They first recorded the activity of those brain cells while the rats ran in their mazes. Then they looked at the activity of the very same neurons while they slept. Louise and
7、Wilson discovered similar patterns of firing during10and during REM.11, it was as if the rats were running the maze in their minds while they were sleeping. The results were so clear that the researchers could infer the rats precise12within their mental dream mazes and map them to actual spots withi
8、n the actual maze. Does the behaviour of cats in science experiments actually13dreaming? Do rats have any subjective awareness that they re running their mazes in their minds while they nap? We can say with a reasonable amount of14that the physiological and behavioural features of dreaming in humans
9、 have now been seen in cats, rats, and other animals. Yet what its actually like to15 a dream if you re not human remains a mystery. 1AforeseeBcoverCstrengthenDobserve 2AdisconnectedBendlessCuncomfortableDimpossible 3Amade forBtook overCworked outDturned down 4AdialoguesBidealsCmovementsDmeanings 5A
10、animalsBdreamsChumansDchanges 6AimaginedBpreventedCappreciatedDwitnessed 7AdisastersBactivitiesCsuccessesDfailures 8APhysicalBAccidentalCHarmoniousDIndependent 9ArandomlyBreluctantlyCunconsciouslyDhumanely 10AsleepingBrunningCrecordingDstudying 11ATo sum upBBy comparisonCFor exampleDIn other words 1
11、2AlocationBpredictionCmomentDnature 13Aaccount forBrely onCqualify asDdiffer from 14AdoubtBcertaintyCspecificationDmemory 15AexplainBexploreCexperienceDexperiment 二、语法填空二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This happened when I was ten. On a normal Sunday, I went to 16 barber shop where I always
12、 went. That day, along with the barber there was an assistant, who 17 (join) the shop recently. So I sat 18 the haircut. The uncle asked me how long I wanted it. I answered, “Just do as my dad had instructed you the last time.” He smiled. Before starting the haircut, he added, “19 if I keep it long?
13、” I knew he was joking. 20 I joked too. I said, “I cant guarantee what would happen to your shop then!” The moment I said it, the assistant shouted from behind. “How dare do you say that! Who are you 21 (take) us down, eh?” I admit I was too scared at that moment and the uncle 22 (stand) beside me w
14、as giving me an awkward look. From that day on, I completely stopped joking about anyones profession and works. It is one of the most important 23 (incident) in my life, 24 taught me to respect the profession and works of a person, no matter how small they are. Im 25(gratitude) that the assistant re
15、sponded in a way that made me rethink the power of my words. Words do make a difference. 三、书面表达三、书面表达 假如你是学生会主席李华。你校学生会将于 12 月 24 号下午 4 点在学校报告厅举办英语 短剧大赛。请您根据以下信息，用英语写一篇书面通知。要点如下： 1. 活动目的； 2. 参赛要求； 3. 报名时间地点。 注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 假定你是李华，清明节期间你校组织了一次“铭
16、记历史，缅怀英烈”的主题活动。请你以 “Remember the past and honour the martyrs” 为题，为校英文报写一篇英文报道，内容包括： 1.参加人员； 2.活动内容； 3.活动意义。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In our kitchen, there was a wooden table and three chairs one for Dad, one for Mom, and one for me. In
17、 the cellar (地窖), the very last jar of apple jam lay quietly on the shelf, waiting to be turned into an apple pie when Dad came back. Mom sat at one end of the table. I sat in the middle between her and Dad. I tried not to look at Dads empty place. Dad had gone to the city to look for work for a lon
18、g time. Every night, I lay awake in bed and waited for the train to stop. Waited to hear the creaky (嘎吱 作响的) gate Dads going to fix when he came home. Waited to hear the sound of his work boots dropping on the step by the kitchen door, and his voice calling, “Im home!” Every night, as I lay there, I
19、 stared at the window and the curtains Mom made from empty flour sacks (麻布袋). Every night, Mom came to kiss me good-night after the trains gone by. She had been listening, too. “Go to sleep. Your dad will be home soon. Maybe for Thanksgiving.” Time dragging by, it finally came the day before Thanksg
20、iving. I went to sleep with the sound of train wheels in my head, whispering, “Maybe tomorrow, maybe tomorrow.” Early the next morning, the smell of coffee woke me. I ran into the kitchen. There he was! Dad lifted me onto his shoulders and pretended to stagger from my weight. “Hows my boy? Youve got
21、ten so big that I can barely lift you up anymore.” He put me down, and I stared at the two sacks on the table. One said FLOUR I knew that word. I tried reading the other: S-U-G-A-R. Dad whistled admiringly and winked at me. Mom and I had been practicing my letters most days. I could see that Mom was
22、 pleased with me. “Im going to bake a pie for your dads homecoming dinner. Jimmy, bring me that jar of apple jam from the shelf in the cellar.” Mom smiled at me. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. _ _ _ “Never mind, boy, accidents
23、happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. _ _ _ 2022 届高考英语一轮复习综合训练 参考答案 1-15：DDCCABBADBDACBC 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了观察到动物们睡觉做梦的证据，科学家们通 过两种方式来完成这项看似不可能的任务。介绍了研究的具体过程以及研究发现的意义。 1考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们当然不能问动物是否做梦，但我们至少可以观察到它们可 能做梦的证据。A. foresee 预见；B. cover 覆盖；C. strengthen 加强；D. observe 观察。根据后 文“the evidence that t
24、hey might”可知，此处指观察到动物做梦的证据，应用 observe。故选 D。 2考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家们通过两种方式来完成这项看似不可能的任务。A. disconnected 分离的；B. endless 无尽的；C. uncomfortable 不舒服的；D. impossible 不可能的。 上文提到不能问动物是否做梦，但是可以观察到它们做梦的证据，所以是不可能的任务。故 选 D。 3考查动词短语辨析。句意：关于我们如何研究睡着动物思想的故事始于 20 世纪 60 年代。 A. made for 导致；B. took over 接管；C. worked out 计算；D
25、. turned down 关小。根据后文“how to look into the minds of sleeping animals”可知，此处指研究睡着的动物的思想，应用 work out。 故选 C。 4考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，医学期刊上开始出现描述人们在梦中行动的报告。A. dialogues 对话；B. ideals 理想；C. movements 行动，运动；D. meanings 意义。根据上文“people acting out”可知，此处是描述人们在梦中的行动。故选 C。 5考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员意识到，在动物身上产生类似的状态可以让他们探索 自己是如何做梦
26、的。A. animals 动物；B. dreams 梦想；C. humans 人类；D. changes 改变。根 据上文可知，科学家主要是研究动物的梦境，所以是在动物身上产生类似的状态。故选 A。 6考查动词词义辨析。句意：1965 年，法国科学家 Michel Jouvet 和 J F Delorme 发现，从猫 的大脑中移除脑干的脑桥部分， 可以防止猫在快速眼动时麻痹。 A. imagined 想象； B. prevented 阻止；C. appreciated 感激；D. witnessed 目击。根据后文“it becoming paralysed when in REM” 可知，因
27、为猫的大脑中移除脑干的脑桥部分，所以是可以防止猫在快速眼动时瘫痪。故选 B。 7考查名词词义辨析。句意：这暗示他们梦到了醒着时的活动。A. disasters 灾难；B. activities 活动；C. successes 成功；D. failures 失败。根据后文“from their waking hours”可知，此处是梦 到了醒着的活动。故选 B。 8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，身体运动并不是观察梦境的唯一方式。A. Physical 身 体的； B. Accidental意外的； C. Harmonious和谐的； D. Independent独立的。 后文“into the
28、 electrical and chemical activities of brain cells in animals”提到了动物睡眠时脑细胞的电和化学活动，可见 本句是在说明身体上的运动。故选 A。 9考查副词词义辨析。句意：研究人员现在可以以人道的方式观察动物睡眠时脑细胞的电和 化学活动。 A. randomly 随便地； B. reluctantly 不情愿地； C. unconsciously 不知不觉； D. humanely 人道地。根据后文科学家让老鼠走迷宫的方式来记录它们脑细胞的活动，可知，此处是以人 道的方式观察动物睡眠时脑细胞的电和化学活动。故选 D。 10考查动词词义
29、辨析。句意：路易丝和威尔逊在跑动和快速眼动期间发现了类似的放电模 式。A. sleeping 睡觉；B. running 奔跑；C. recording 记录；D. studying 学习。呼应上文中“while the rats ran in their mazes.”指在跑动和快速眼动期间发现了类似的放电模式。故选 B。 11考查固定短语辨析。句意：换句话说，这就好像老鼠在睡觉的时候在大脑中走迷宫。A. To sum up 总之；B. By comparison 相比之下；C. For example 例如；D. In other words 换句话说。 根据后文“it was as if
30、 the rats were running the maze in their minds while they were sleeping”可知， 后文“这就好像老鼠在睡觉的时候在大脑中走迷宫”是对上文“在跑步和快速眼动期间发现了类 似的放电模式”的一种转述，即“换句话说”故选 D。 12考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究结果非常清楚，以至于研究人员可以推断出老鼠在大脑 梦境迷宫中的精确位置，并将它们映射到迷宫中的实际位置。A. location 位置；B. prediction 预测； C. moment 时刻； D. nature 自然。 根据后文“within their mental d
31、ream mazes and map them to actual spots within the actual maze”可知，研究人员可以推断出老鼠在大脑梦境迷宫中的精确 位置，并将它们映射到迷宫中的实际位置。故选 A。 13 考查动词短语辨析。 句意： 在科学实验中， 猫的行为真的称得上是在做梦吗？A. account for 解释；B. rely on 依赖；C. qualify as 作为；D. differ from 不同于。此处指科学实验中猫的行为 是否真的称得上是在做梦，qualify as 表示“称得上，作为”符合语境。故选 C。 14考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以相当肯
32、定地说，人类做梦的生理和行为特征现在已 经在猫、老鼠和其他动物身上看到了。A. doubt 怀疑；B. certainty 必然；C. specification 规格； D. memory 记忆。 根据后文“the physiological and behavioural features of dreaming in humans have now been seen in cats, rats, and other animals”可知，人类做梦的生理和行为特征现在已经在猫、 老鼠和其他动物身上看到了，这是可以肯定的事实。故选 B。 15考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果你不是人类，在
33、梦中体验到底是什么感觉仍然是 个谜。 A. explain 解释； B. explore 探索； C. experience 经历； D. experiment 实验。 根据后文“a dream if you re not human remains a mystery.”可知，此处指梦中的体验，应用 experience。故选 C。 16the 17had joined 18for 19What 20So 21to take 22standing 23incidents 24which 25grateful 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者小时候在一次理发时跟理发师开玩笑的经历，作 者
34、从中认识到了言语的力量。 16考查冠词。句意：在一个平常的星期天，我去了我常去的那家理发店。此处特指常去的 理发店，应用定冠词 the。故填 the。 17考查动词时态。句意：那天，和理发师一起来的还有一个刚到店里来的店员。非限制性 定语从句中表示动作发生在“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填 had joined。 18考查介词。句意：所以我坐下来理发。结合句意表示“坐着”短语为 sit for。故填 for。 19考查固定句型。句意：在开始理发之前，他补充说，“如果我留长一点怎么样呢？”结合句 意表示“如果将会怎么样？”可知句型为 what if，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 What。 20
35、考查连词。句意：所以我也开玩笑说。上文提到作者知道对方在开玩笑，后文说自己也 开玩笑，结合前后文可知为因果关系，应用连词 so，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 So。 21考查非谓语动词。句意：你以为你是谁，能把我们打倒？此处为短语 be to do sth.表示将 要做某事。故填 to take。 22考查非谓语动词。句意：我承认那一刻我太害怕了，站在我旁边的叔叔给我一个尴尬的 眼神。分析句子结构可知 stand 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 uncle 构成主动关系， 故用现在分词作定语。故填 standing。 23考查名词复数。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一
36、个人的职 业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。incident 为可数名词，此处为“one of+形容词最高级+可数名 词复数”。故填 incidents。 24考查定语从句。句意：这是我人生中最重要的事件之一，它教会了我要尊重一个人的职 业和工作，无论他们是多么渺小。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 one，先行词在从句中 作主语，指物，故应用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。 25考查形容词。句意：我很感激那个助手的回应，让我重新思考了自己话语的力量。空处 作表语，表示“感激”应用形容词 grateful。故填 grateful。 One possible version: Noti
37、ce In order to motivate students to learn English and enrich their after-class lives, an English Short Play Competition will be held in the lecture hall at 4:00 pm, Dec. 24th. Each class is encouraged to perform one short play. Those who would like to take part in the competition are supposed to sig
38、n up in the English teachers office before Nov. 15th.All the students of our school are welcome to join in this activity. The top six winners of each grade will be given prizes. Looking forward to your active participation. The Student Union 【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇书面通知，通知英语短剧大赛的举行。 1.词汇积累 激励：motivat
39、estimulate 表演：performact 参加：take part inparticipate in 报名参加：sign upenroll 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to motivate students to learn English and enrich their after-class lives, an English Short Play Competition will be held in the lecture hall at 4:00 pm, Dec. 24th. 拓展句：An English Short Play Competiti
40、on, which is aimed at motivating students to learn English and enrich their after-class lives, will be held in the lecture hall at 4:00 pm, Dec. 24th. Remember the past and honour the martyrs OnApril 3, all the teachers and students of our school participated in an activity themed “Remember the past
41、 and honour the martyrs”. We arrived at the martyrs garden in our city at 8 oclock in the morning. First of all, we cleaned the whole garden, making it look cleaner. Then, the prepared flowers were placed in front of the martyrs tomb, and all the teachers and students observed a three-minute silence
42、 to honour the martyrs. Finally, the commentator of the garden introduced some touching deeds of the martyrs to us. Through this activity, we have learned to cherish the present life, because it is paid for with the lives and blood of martyrs. 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。要求考生就学校组织的一次“铭记历史，缅怀英烈”为校英文报写一 篇英文报道。 1.词汇积累
43、 参加：take part inparticipate in 到达：reacharrive at 放置：putplace 感人的：movingtouching 2.句型拓展 合并简单句 原句：We arrived at the martyrs garden in our city at 8 oclock in the morning. First of all, we cleaned the whole garden, making it look cleaner. 拓展句：Upon arriving the martyrs garden in our city at 8 oclock in
44、the morning, we cleaned the whole garden, making it look cleaner. Possible version 1: Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. The next second I was in front of the shelf. I stood on tiptoe and took down the jar carefully. I could hear Dad and Mom laughing upstairs and Moms hands
45、slapping the dough. Wanting to join them, I hurried up the steps, and my foot caught on the middle one. I put out my hand to steady myself, but I tumbled down. The jar slipped through my fingers and smashed on the floor. The jam wed been saving and saving flew everywhere. Wrong-footed, I burst into
46、tears and heard Dads footsteps closer and closer. “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. These words seemed to have magic and gradually I settled down. Through the shirt, I could smell the dust of the train and the city as well as that of Dads. How I wished I hadnt hurried
47、. “Next time I will be more careful,” I thought to myself. Having swiftly dealt with the mess, Dad lifted me onto his shoulder and went back to Mom. “Now out of the kitchen, you two,” Mom said, “Im going to bake my mamas sugar pie, without apple jam!” I followed Dad out and helped him fix that old c
48、reaking gate until Ma called us in for Thanksgiving dinner. Possible version 2: Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. “No problem.” I jumped at the request and rushed downstairs. The jar just stood quietly on the shelf, but it seemed a bit high. I climbed up the chair nearby an
49、d extended my arms as long as possible. When I just grasped the jar, I lost my balance and fell down. I couldnt help crying. What made me sad was not the pain but the jam now scattered everywhere. There came Dads footsteps and Moms voice, “Are you hurt?” I shook my head slightly. She helped me up an
50、d asked me to go upstairs. With heavy footsteps, I moved slowly and tears welled up in my eyes. “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. “But I ruined your homecoming dinner.” Sorrow overwhelmed me and I kept sobbing. “No, my son,” Dad smiled gently, “My homecoming dinner is
