1、1 语法系列专题语法系列专题 名词性从句名词性从句 一、名词性从句 1.概念：在主从复合句中，相当于名词的从句被称为名词性从句。 2.分类：名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 二、宾语从句 1 在复合句中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。 He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that you were asked not to care about it. She told me that she would accept my invitation. 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾
2、语从句 连接代词 who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whoever，whomever， whichever 和连接副词 when，where，how，why。 这些连接词都有词义，除引 导从句外，还在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。 这种宾语从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不能用疑问语序，而要用陈述语序。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样把工作做好。(how 作状语) She gave up what she was doing. 她放弃了她正在做的事情。(what
3、 作宾语) Do you know who has won RedAlert game? 你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏吗？(who 作主语) Do you know when the meeting will begin? 你知道什么时候开会吗？(when 作状语) Can I speak to whoever is in charge of this project? 我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗？(whoever 作主语) it 作形式宾语 当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时，通常以 it 代替that宾语从句作形式宾语， 这时that不可省略。 常
4、见的这类动词有find， think， consider，take，feel 等。 2 I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。 We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time.我们发现我们按时完成 工作有困难。 在 like，enjoy，love，hate 等表“喜怒哀乐”的动词或一些特殊动词(短语)如 take，depend on，rely on，see to 等后若要跟宾语从句，需跟形式宾语 i
5、t。 I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 You may depend on it that they will support you. 你相信好了，他们会支持你的。 宾语从句的虚拟语气 表示“建议、命令、要求、决定、主张”等动词后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气， 即“should动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。这类动词主要有 insist，order， demand 等。 He insisted that all of us should be there on time by an
6、y means. 后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词口诀： “一二三四” 一“坚持”(insist)； 二“命令”(order，command)； 三“建议”(advise，suggest，recommend)； 四“要求”(demand，desire，require，request)。 三、三、表语从句 在复合句中位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫作表语从句 The most important thing is that we should find the shortest way to the hotel. The doubt is who has taken away the valuable
7、 painting. .表语从句中需注意的问题 (1)why，because 引导的表语从句的区别： why，because 都可引导表语从句。表示原因的名词(reason，cause)作句子主语 时，其后的表语从句常用 that 引导，不可用 because。 The reason why he was late was that he missed the first bus this morning. 3 他迟到的原因是他今天早上没赶上早班公共汽车。 because 引导的表语从句常用于 thats because.结构中， 说明产生上述结果的原 因；why 引导的名词性从句说明由上述原
8、因导致的某种结果。 I was late for school this morning.Thats because I stayed up too late last night.(果 因) 今天早上我上学迟到了。那是因为我昨晚熬夜太晚了。 I stayed up too late last night.Thats why I was late for school this morning.(因果) 我昨晚熬夜太晚。那就是我今天早上上学迟到的原因。 (2)主语是表示“建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion，advice，proposal，order， command，request，
9、requirement，demand，plan，idea)”等的名词时，表语从句 应该用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should 可以省略。 My suggestion is that we(should)set off early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天早早 动身。 .选用适当的连接词填空 where，that，why，whether，what，as if，whatever，who，because，when，how 1.Im wondering _ you are always late for class. 2.I am not sure_he is
10、willing to help me. 3.My parents are very kind to me and always let me do _- I think I should do. 4.The trouble is _ I lost the key to my room. 5.The question discussed at the meeting was_ it was worth trying. 6.We think_- its necessary to talk with him again. 7.Do you remember_ he came here? 8.All
11、this was over twenty years ago，but it is _ it were only yesterday. 四 主语从句 一、定义在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。 What surprised me isthat everybody seemed to be very cold to her. It worried the woman that her son was always playing computer games. Who will do it doesnt matter. What we need is more water. 4 Whate
12、ver you do in your spare time should do no harm to others. Who will go to the concert is not known. Whoever will go to the concert is welcome. How this happened is not clear to anyone. When we will have a meeting is an important question. Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 主语从句中用 it 作形
13、式主语的结构 为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语 it 代替。it 作形式主语 Its possible that he has been to Beijing. Its a pity that you didnt attend the meeting. It is suggested that the meeting be put off. It seems that it is going to rain. 主语从句中应注意的问题 (1)从句的语序要用陈述语序。 Whoever leaves the room last is expected to turn off the l
14、ights.无论谁最后离开房 间都要把灯关掉。 (2)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式一般用单数形式。有时受表语的影响用复数形式。 What you said just now is quite right. 刚刚你说的话很对。 What he wants to read now are some magazines. 现在他想读的是一些杂志。 (3)从句的时态一般要取决于主句。 What made people excited was that the solar ship had completed aroundthe world trip. 让人们激动的是太阳能船已完成了环游世界的
15、旅行。 适当的连接词填空 1._ he got the first prize in the English Contest surprised all of us. 2._ they would support us was a problem. 3._will take the place of Mr.Li as our new headmaster hasnt been decided. 4. _caused the accident to happen hasnt been made clear yet. 5 5. _has helped to save the drowning gi
16、rl is worth praising. 6.It is said_Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month. 7._ we can get in touch with him is the most important. 五五同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。能跟同位语从句的名词一般是 fact， news，idea，belief，thought，truth，hope，problem，question，information，wish，promise， answer，evidence，repor
17、t，explanation，suggestion，conclusion 等抽象名词。 The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. 2Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days，but they forget the factthat Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast. 3The girls were surprised at the fac
18、t that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes. 2.同位语从句的虚拟语气 名词 suggestion，order，demand，command，request，desire，proposal 等后的同位语从句要 使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用“shoulddo”，should 可省略。 名词性从句高考热点名词性从句高考热点 连接词连接词 what 与与 that 的用法区别。的用法区别。 连接词连接词 whether 和和 if 的用法区别。的用法区别。 形式主语、形式宾语。形式主语、形式宾语。 Who / whoever, what / wh
19、atever 等的用法区别。等的用法区别。 Where, when, why 等连接副词引导的名词性从句。等连接副词引导的名词性从句。 改错 1. That we need is more food. 2. It is said which Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month. 3. That this accident happened is not clear to anyone. 4.The girls were surprised at the factocean ships can sail up the Grea
20、t Lakes. 5. What surprised me iseverybody seemed to be very cold to her. 6. What he wants to read now is some magazines. 7.Do you rememberhe came?Yes, I do, he came by car. 8. That we cant get seems better thanwhat we have. 6 9.That is a fact that English is being accepted as an international langua
21、ge. 10. You cant imagine what excited when they received these nice Christmas presents. 11. He insisted that all of uswere there on time by any means. 名词性从句专练 基本技能: 1. _ he said at the meeting is very important to us. 2. _ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. 3. All the books are here.
22、You may borrow _ you like. 4. This is _ he was often late for school. 5. He suggested that we _ (go) to the cinema. 6. We all know the truth _ the earth moves around the sun. 7. The reason _ he didnt come to school yesterday is _ he had to look after his sick mother at home. 8. _ I cant understand i
23、s _ he changed his mind. 9. He told me _ had happened there. 综合能力: 1. After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2. It is still a question to us all _ the meeting can be held as planned. 3. It is _ he often breaks the school rules _ makes his head teach
24、er dissatisfied with him. 4. -I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply. -Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor. 5. _ really matters is that she wore a pair of white shoes. 6. People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different 7 from _ it is today. 7. Nowad
25、ays the doctors are trying their best to reduce the peoples fear _they would be affected by the present disease called “Bird Flu”. 8. They have no idea at all _ he is working on. 9. Dont take _ for granted _everyone studies hard. 10. Information has been put forward _more middle school graduates wil
26、l be admitted into universities. 11. Professor Lius book will show you _ what you have observed can be used in other fields. 12. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. 高考真题: 1. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. 2. Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up
27、my mind _ to buy. 3. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. 4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 5. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. 6. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _ you had a few days off? 7. Someone is ringing the
28、 doorbell. Go and see _ it is. 8. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 9. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rules:alw
29、ays givethe monkey exactly _ he wants. 8 11. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. 12. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever. 阅读理解(2019江苏) The 65-year-oldSteve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimers（阿尔楚海默症）. He was los
30、ing his memory. A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family.Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family. Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep ea
31、ch night when she was young.She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father. Naomi, Melissas best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help. “Why do this?”Steve wondered. “Because she cares.”Melissa said. Steve nodded, tears in eye.
32、Naomi drove to the Goodwin home.She told Steve shed love to hear him play.Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys. Naomi put a small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes.Long pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed
33、 on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger. “It was beautiful.Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving.” Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still Steve Goodwin. It was hidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
34、Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. Hed move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then shed take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else. S
35、teve and Naomi spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a 9 song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldnt play it. Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song. One day, Naomi received an
36、 email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it “Melancholy Flower”. Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he w
37、as quitting. Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece. Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steves favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomis help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steves songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But
38、it wasnt. In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower” She told the director about her project with Steve.The director agreed to add it to the playing list.But Naomi would have to ask Steve
39、s permission.He considered it an honor. After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steves music was beautiful and professional.It needed to be shared in public. The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert.By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said the
40、y would attend. By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends.He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace. Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded.Naomi took the stage.Her fingers.H
41、is heart. 65.Why did Melissa want to save her fathers music? A.His music could stop his disease from worsening. B.She wanted to please her dying old father. C.His music deserved to be preserved in the family. D.She wanted to make her father a professional. 66. After hearing Steves playing, Naomi _.
42、A. refused to make a comment on it B. was deeply impressed by his music 10 C. decided to free Steve from suffering D. regretted offering help to her friend 67. How can the process of Steves recording be described? A.It was slow but productive. B. It was beneficial to his health. C.It was tiresome fo
43、r Naomi. D.It was vital for Naomis career. 68.Before Steve finished“Melancholy Flower,his wife Joni _. A.thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted B.didnt expect the damage the disease brought about C.didnt fully realize the value of her husbands music D.brought her husbands music career to pe
44、rfection 69.How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland？ A.He felt concerned about his illness. B.He sensed a responsibility for music. C.He regained his faith in music. D.He got into a state of quiet. 70.What can be a suitable title for the passage? A.The Kindness of Friends B.The Power of Music C.The Making of a Musician D.The Value of Determination 课后作业复习 1-4 单元词汇
