1、高 2022 届 2021-2022 学年度上期入学考试 （8 月阶段性测试） 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman doing? A. Selling coffee.B. Visiting a museum.C.Asking for directions. 2. Wha
2、t affects the mans phone bill? A. His familys Internet use.B. The taxes and extra fees.C. His calls and texts. 3. Why did the woman buy the hat? A. It offers complete sun protection. B. Its cheaper than baseball hats. C. It was easy to purchase on the Internet. 4. What does the woman mean? A. Shes b
3、een extremely busy. B. She dreams of becoming a millionaire. C. Shes proud of being able to do many things. 5. What does the man think of the soup? A. Its too thick.B. Its not very good.C. It needs a bit more flavor. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有 2 至 4 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选
4、项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白 读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What does the girl suggest about the first pair of shoes? A. Theyre of low value. B. Theyre easy to walk in. C. Shell be popular if she wears them. 试卷共 11 页，第 1 页 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15
5、小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Best Bookshops in London Looking for something to read while in London? If so, youre in luck: the British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops. Daunt Books Are you going on a trip and want to read a novel or no
6、nfiction book set in the place youre headed? This bookshop arranges books by country, so its easy to find anything by place. (83 Marylebone High Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:00-19:30; Sunday: 11:00-18:00.) Foyles Books Dig, if you will, the picture: four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books.
7、This legendary bookshop is impossible to leave empty-handed. It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet. (107 Charing Cross Road. Monday-Saturday: 9:00-21:00; Sunday: 11:30-18:00.) Hatchards In the year 1797, this London bookshop the oldest in the
8、city today first flicked on its lights. It stocks an excellent selection of fiction, nonfiction, history and other genres. (187 Piccadilly Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:30-20:00; Sunday: 12:00-18:30.) London Review Bookshop Theres an excellent selection of history, philosophy, politics, new fiction an
9、d many other genres here. Plus, theres a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading. (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday: 10:00-18:30; Sunday: 12:00-18:00.) 21. Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records? A. Daunt Books.B. Foyles Books
10、. C. Hatchards.D. London Review Bookshop. 22. What is special about Hatchards? A. It has a long history.B. It has 200,000 books. C. It has a cafe.D. It has both fiction and nonfiction books. 23. Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading over a coffee? A. 83 Marylebone High Street.B.
11、107 Charing Cross Road. C. 187 Piccadilly Street.D. 14 Bury Place. B Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the 试卷共 11 页，第 3 页 invention of a super-sweet treat that could sav
12、e kids teeth, instead of destroying them. It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “
13、Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain. With her dads perm
14、ission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce
15、 oral bacteria. Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores productCanCandy. As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepren
16、eur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and shes also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. Meanwhile, with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her compa
17、ny early on in life, she wasnt driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandys profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit forAlice Moore. 24. How did Moore reac
18、t to her dads warning? A. She argued with him.B. She tried to find a way out. C. She paid no attention.D. She chose to consult dentists. 25. What is special about CanCandy? A. It is beneficial to dental health.B. It is free of sweeteners. C. It is sweeter than other candies.D. It is produced to a de
19、ntistsrecipe. 26. What does Moore expect from her business? A. To earn more money.B. To help others find smiles. C. To make herself stand out.D. To beat other candy companies. 27. What can we learn fromAlice Moores story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B.A youth is to be regarded with respe
20、ct. C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied. 试卷共 11 页，第 4 页 C If we want a fair shot at transitioning to renewable energy, well need one critical thing: technologies that can change electricity from wind and sun into a chemical fuel for
21、storage and vice versa (反之亦然). Commercial devices that do this exist, but most are costly and perform only half of the expectation. Now, researchers have created small lab-scale devices that do both jobs. If larger versions work as well, they would help make it possible or at least more affordable t
22、o run the world on renewables. The market for such technologies has grown along with renewables: In 2007, solar and wind provided just 0.8% of all power in the United States: in 2017, that number was 8%, according to the U. S. Energy Information Administration. But the demand for electricity often d
23、oesnt match the supply from solar and wind. In sunny California, for example, solar panels regularly produce more power than needed in the middle of the day, but none at night, after most workers and students return home. Some companies are beginning to install massive rows of batteries in hopes of
24、storing extra energy and balancing the financial sheet. But batteries are costly and store only enough energy to back up the power system for a few hours at most. Another option is to store the energy by transforming it into hydrogen fuel. Devices called electrolyzers (电解器) do this by using electric
25、ity ideally from solar and wind power to break down water into oxygen and hydrogen gas, a carbon-free fuel. A second set of devices called fuel cells can then transform that hydrogen back to electricity to power cars, trucks, and buses, or to feed it to the power system. But commercial electrolyzers
26、 and fuel cells use different catalysts (催化剂) to speed up the two reactions, meaning a single device cant do both jobs. The researchers must conquer this. “They did a really good job with that.” says Sossina Haile, a chemist at Northwestern University in Evanston. Still, she holds the view that both
27、 her new device and the one from the OHayre lab are small laboratory demonstrations. For the technology to have a societal impact, researchers will need to scale up the button-size devices, a process that typically reduces performance. 28. What can we learn about the new device from the first paragr
28、aph? A. Its universal use remains to be seen. B. It is more expensive but more practical. C. It can transform more renewable energy. D. It is the most advanced around the world. 29. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The lack of power in California. B. The rapid development ofAmerican techn
29、ologies. C. The history of energy transformation technologies. 试卷共 11 页，第 5 页 D. The potential market for energy transformation technologies. 30. What may the researchers focus on next? A. Lessening costly batteries. B. Increasing the efficiency of the two reactions. C. Looking for one shared cataly
30、sts for the two reactions. D. Breaking down water into a carbon-free fuel without using electricity. 31. What is Hailes attitude to the future of the new device? A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Critical.D. Cautious. D Take a walk through Washington and youll find plenty of marble memorials (纪念碑). But is
31、that what the future of the memorial-rich city holds? If the winners of a new design competition have their way, probably not. The Memorials for the Future design competition invited submissions (意见书) from teams throughout the world. Though, the memorials selected wont actually be built in the city,
32、 they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future. Climate Chronograph, the winning project by Team Azimuth Land Craft, greatly departs from memorials as we know them. The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a me
33、morial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel. Just 100 years ago, the man-made island was part of the river. It came into existence after the National Park Service decided to turn the confluence (合流点) of the waters into a tidal basin to protect the nearby National M
34、all from floods. Those floods are expected to come more and more often as the climate changes. Climate Chronograph will memorialize those changes by planting cherry trees as a kind of tidal gauge (潮位计) that can be used by future visitors to determine just how much water levels have risen. The other
35、winning projects include a project that frees mechanical parrots that fly over the Jefferson Memorial and collect and retell stories about monuments, a podcast (播客) platform that puts immigrant stories on public transportation, and an interactive memorial that brings national parks to the D. C. Metr
36、o. The competition also produced a report that points to ways America can better memorialize the things that matter strategies that could help cities save money and space. Thats good news, especially given that D. C.s iconic Mall has been closed to new construction. The memorials of the future wont
37、just turn collective memories toward the stories of new phenomena and groups like climate change and immigrants. Rather, it seems that theyll make use of space in new creative ways no marble needed. 试卷共 11 页，第 6 页 32. What is the purpose of the design competition? A. To select the best design team.
38、B. To find new uses for old memorials. C. To design new memorials for Washington. D. To explore new ways of planning memorials. 33. What does the underlined word “departs” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Differs.B. Benefits.C. Suffers.D. Learns. 34. What do we know about Climate Chronograph? A. It
39、will be located in a park. B. It will be built after the competition. C. It clearly shows the effects of climate change. D. It uses high-tech equipment to measure climate change. 35. What would be the best title for the text? A.A memorial to a sad future. B. Marble memorials are out of date. C. Clim
40、ate Chronograph, memorial for our future. D.A look into the future of memorials. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。 Youve got mailand its a postcard Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored
41、picture of Romes Colosseum. Or Africas Victoria Falls. Or Chinas Great Wall.36 “I often send postcards to family and friends,” he says toChina Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it.37” Seeking other like-mi
42、nded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulos hunch (直觉) paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the ,a social network that has grown to 575,217 r
43、egistered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago.38Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a barrier for many people. Forpostcrossingto work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand eac
44、h other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesnt work if one doesnt understand it.39So a common language is required and inpostcrossingthats 试卷共 11 页，第 7 页 English since its widely spoken. “Many people in China have limited exposure to English.40That said, w
45、e know of manypostcrossingmembers, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use ofpostcrossing,” Paulo says. A.And thats totally fine. B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it. C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby. D
46、. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. OnAugust 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of
47、getting a hand-written note from someone far away. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项。 During the war, my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California. I went to live there in order to be41him. I hated the place
48、. I had never42been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty, and I was left in a tiny shack (棚屋) alone. The heat was43 almost 125F even in the shade of a cactus (仙人 掌).44a soul to talk to. The wind blew non-stop, and all the food I ate, and the very air I breathed, were45with sand
49、, sand, sand! I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was46and coming back home. I said I couldnt stand it one minute longer. I47be in prison! My father answered my48with just two lines two lines that will always sing in my49 two lines that completely changed my life: Two
50、 men looked out from prison bars, One saw the mud, the other saw the stars. I read those two lines50. I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present51; I would look for the stars. I made friends with the natives, and their52amazed me. They gave me presents of
