1、1 / 6 初中英语语法定语从句专项复习教案初中英语语法定语从句专项复习教案 教学目标：1.学生能掌握关系代词和关系副词的正确使用。 2.学生能正确理解整个句子的意思 教学重难点：定语从句中引导词（who, whom, whose，that , which，when，where, why）的正确使用 教学过程： 例子导入： There is a beautiful girl. The girls name is Xiao Wei. There is a beautiful girlwhosename is Xiao Wei. 先行词关系词定语从句 一.定义定义：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代
2、词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先 行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。 I like themusicthat I can dance to. 先行词（物） 引导词（that指代the music） Sheis agirl( who has long hair.) 先行词（人）引导词（who指代a girl） 二.引导词引导词：关系代词：who, whom, whose，that , which（表人、表物，作主语，宾语） 关系副词：when，where, why, （表时间、地点、原因，作状语） （1）先行词表人时可用）先行词表人时可用who，that或或whom 分点练习分点
3、练习： He is a boy（_ is confident.） (The boy is confident.) 主语 He is the teacher for _ you are waiting. (介词提前) He is the teacher ( _ you are waiting for.) (You are waiting for the teacher) 宾语 归纳总结归纳总结：当先行词是人：引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who，that 介词提前在句中作宾语，引导词只能用whom 引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词用who/whom 小试牛刀小试牛刀：1.Is this the man
4、 with _ you went to the zoo yesterday? 2 / 6 A. whoB. whomC. which 2.He is a man ( _ we can learn). A. whomB. from whichC. from whom 注意注意：动词带有介词构成词组时要把介词选上。如：learn from 中考链接中考链接 3. Look! That is the womanI met yesterday. Oh? Shes my aunt. A. whatB. whoC. whereD. when 4. The young lady _ is interview
5、ing Lin Zhixuan about the programI am a singeris from21st Century Talent Net. A. whoB. whom C. whichD. whose （2）whose的使用的使用 I know the boy _ bike is red. 名词 He loves the room _ window is towards the east. A. whichB. whoseC. that 引导词后面有名词引导词后面有名词（表所属）（表所属）时，引导词用whose （3）先行词表物时，用先行词表物时，用that或或which th
6、at与与which的区别的区别： that和which都可表物，一般可互换，但下列情况只用下列情况只用that 1. Im sure she has something _ you can borrow. A. thatB. which 先行词为先行词为：everything, nothing, something, anything, 等等不定代词不定代词时时引导词用引导词用that 2. Ive read all the books that are not mine. 先行词被先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时等修饰时 3. T
7、his is the first book that he was read. 先行词被先行词被序数词和最高级序数词和最高级修饰时修饰时 4. This is the only book that belongs to him. 先行词被先行词被the only, the very, the same, the best, the last等修饰时等修饰时 5. There are some books and a man that I have seen. 先行词既先行词既有人也有物有人也有物 6. ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤
8、姆的 3 / 6 在在there be 句型句型中中 7 Who is the girl _ spoke to you just now? Which is the car _ was made in China? A. thatB. whoC. which 7.当主句当主句以以who或或which开头时开头时，为为避免重复避免重复引导引导词用词用that 巩固练习： Who is the man _ I saw yesterday. 注意： that 引导定语从句，充当充当定语从句的宾语宾语时，可以省略可以省略。 小试牛刀：I like the music _ he writes.A. /B
9、. whoC. whyD when 只用只用which的情况：的情况： 1.This is the house in _ he lives.A. thatB. whichC. who 1.先行词是物先行词是物，且介词提前用介词提前用which The school (_ my father works) looks very beautiful. (my father works in the school) A. whichB. in thatC. in which 对比对比：Is this the man with _ you went to the zoo yesterday? A. w
10、hoB. whomC. which 先行词是人人，且介词提前用_. 2.先行词（物物）与引导词之间有逗号隔开有逗号隔开（非限制性定语从句） ，用用which 2.He lives in a house, _ has many trees around it. A. thatB. whichC. who 3.先行词为先行词为that, those时时,用用which 3.Whats that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? 中考链接中考链接 1. The first thing _ my brother is going to do this af
11、ternoon is to write a letter. A. whichB. thatC. whyD. who 2. The story _ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. A. whoseB. whoC. thatD. where 3. I still remember the college and the teachers_I visited in London years ago. A. whatB. whoC. thatD. which （4）关系副词）关系副词when, where
12、,why的用法的用法： 4 / 6 先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time, hour, day, month, year时，其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状 语(不充当从句的主语或宾语)，则用关系副词when。 1.(先行词是时间时先行词是时间时，关系副词用关系副词用when) 1. I still remember the day _ I first met Mary. A. thatB. whichC. when 2.先行词表示地点时，引导词用表示地点时，引导词用where,在句中作状语。 2. This is the factory _ my father works. 拓展：当p
13、oint, situation，conditions等词作先行词表抽象的地点表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导 1.Can you think out a situation _ this word can be used? 2. Her illness has developed to the point _ nobody can cure her. 3.先行词是先行词是the reason时，关系副词用时，关系副词用why,也可省略也可省略。 3. That is the reason (why) I did it. Do you know the reason(why)she has
14、changed her mind? （5）注意： 在定语从句中定语从句中作时间、 地点和原因状语时， 关系副词when,when, wherewhere和和whywhy可以与可以与“介词介词+ + whichwhich” 互互换换。 The day when (=on which) she arrived was Thursday. 她到的那天是星期四。 July and August are the months when (=in which) the weather is hot. 七八月是天气很热的月份 This is the hotel where ( =in which/ at w
15、hich) they were staying. 这就是他们当时住的旅店 Do you remember the place where (=at which) we had lunch? 你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗? The reason why (=for which) I came here was to be with my family. 我到这里来的原因是要跟我的 家里人在一起 小试牛刀小试牛刀：This is the factory in _ my father works. 解析：这里填which，in which=where 拓展：判断找引导词是关系代词或关系副词，找出定语从句
16、的主谓宾，先使其变为简单的肯定句变为简单的肯定句看缺什看缺什 么成分么成分。 This is the city (which/that) you visited last year. （you visited the city last year）.先行词直接充当visited的宾语，缺的是宾语，所以用which或that 2）如果定语从句和该先行词无法直接相连，必须另外多加上介词，并在定语从句中充当状语时，则使用关系副词。 如：This is the city where you stayed lastyear. （ you stayed in the city last year.） 先行
17、词也是the city，将其放入定语从句中不能直接作成分，必须加上介词in，一起做从句的地点状语，相当于in +which 5 / 6 所以此处用where. （即取决于从句中的谓语动词。 及物动词及物动词后面无宾语， 就必须要求用关系代词用关系代词;而不及物动词不及物动词则要求用关用关 系副词系副词。 ） 小试牛刀小试牛刀：1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age? 2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one 解析
18、： 例1变为肯定句：This museum is _ you visited a few days ago. 所缺部分为主句的表语， 从句的宾语， 而where, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，而that只作从句宾语，还缺主句的表语, 只有the one既做了主句 的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词that，所以应选D。 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the exhibition was held.主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状 语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而
19、此题中，介 词on 用的不对，所以选A。 巩固练习：2 Ill never forget the days_I spent in the countryside. A. whereB. thatC. on whichD.when 1. There will be a flower show in the parkwe visited last week. A. whoB. whenC. whatD. Which 补充： 定语从句中谓语的形式定语从句中谓语的形式 There are the twins who _ in the next door.A. liveB. livesC. lived
20、Aclock is a machine that _ people the time.A. tellB. is tellingC. tells 先行词 总结：从句谓语动词的单复数与_先行词_的单复数一致， （当引导词充当定语从句的主语时） 巩固练习： 1.The silk _ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. thatB. whoC. whatD. / 2.In the dark street ,there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help. A.thatB. whoC. from whomD. t
21、o whom 3.Do you live near the building _color is yellow? A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. its 4.He helped his father on the farm _they lived. 6 / 6 A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where 5.Im one of the boys _never late for school. A. that isB. who isC. who areD. who am 6.All_should be done has been done. A. whatB
22、. whichC. thatD. whatever 7.Jack told me everything _he knew about it. A. whatB. thatC. whichD. who 8.My father works in the factory _this type oftruck is made. A. in whereB. in whichC. from whichD. of which 9.The school _we visited last week was built in 1956. A./B. whereC. thatD. bothAand C 10.Thi
23、s is one of the best films _I have ever seen. A. whichB. thatC. of whichD. of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions _were asked in French. A. whereB. whoC. in whichD. which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A.
24、 theseB. thoseC. thatD. which 13.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor. A. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose 14.All_is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which 15.She heard a terrible noise, _brought her heart into her mouth. A. itB. whichC. thisD. that II 用适
25、当的关系词填空：用适当的关系词填空： 1) Ill never forget the day on _ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing _ interested him was that he could do anything _ he wanted to. 4) Which is the bike _ is made in Shanghai? 5) He is old, _ fact is important in this case. 6) Those _ want to buy the house may sign their names first.
