人教版九年级Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.-Section A 1a—2d-ppt课件-(含教案)-公开课-(编号：80d0a).zip

The Present Perfect Tense Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7 现在完成时 (1)构成:现在完成时由“have/has+ 动词的过去 分词”构成。 现在完成时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式及简 单回答形式（以动词study为例）： 肯定式：I （You）havestudied. He(She, It) has studied. We(You, They) have studied. 否定式I(You) have not/havent studied. He(She, It)has not/hasnt studied. n We(You,They) have not/ havent studied. n疑问式：Have I( you ) studied? n Yes, you (I) have./No,you (I) havent. n Has he (she,it) studied? nYes,he(she,it) has.No,he(she,it) hasnt. n Have we(you,they) studied? n Yes, you (we,they) have. n No,you (we,they) havent. n(2)动词的过去分词：规则与不规则 n你还记得过去式吗？ n请用两个单词分别写现在完成时的肯定句，否 定句和疑问句。 nI have written my postcard. nI havent written my postcard. nHave you written your postcard? n Yes, I have. / No, I havent. 1The room is cold。Who_（open） the window? 2 He_（go）to the cinema. 3 _you_（put）away my dictionary? 4.We_(not finish) the work yet. 5.I_(see) the play. I _(see) it last month with my sister. 6.I am not hungry. I _just_(have) my dinner. 7.Dont worry. The train _ yet. A.arrived B.wont arrive C.hasnt arrived n(3) 用法 n表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在 造成的影响或结果。例如： I have opened the window.我已经把窗户打 开了。（窗户是开着的） The concert has started.音乐会已经开始。 （音乐会现在在进行） They have gone to Shanghai.他们已去上海 了。（他们不在这里） n现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语，如 yesterday，last year，in 1980，three days ago just now, when I came in等连用。但可以和一 些不确定的时间状语，如already，yet， sometimes，often，before，lately，once， never，Just，ever 等连用；也可以和包括现 在在内的时间状语，如this morning, today, this week， this year等连用。例如 n She has already come.她已经来了。 n I havent read it yet. 我还没有读过这个。 n Have you ever seen each other before?你们 见过面吗？ nB.表示过去已经开始、持续到现在（也许还会继 续进行下去）动作或状态，常和表示一段时间状 语，如:today, these days, since,for,this month, now等连用。 n例如:I have studied English for two years. 我学英语已经两年了。 They have lived in Beijing since 1980. 他们自年就一直住在北京。 Weve known each other since we were children.我们从小就认识。 英语的行为动词大体可以分为两大类型：一是延续性的动词 ，二是终止性动词。延续行动词是指那些动作意义不会一下 完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：work, read, write等 。这些动词的完成时可以和段时间状语连用。终止性动词是 指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：come, go, buy, die, join, begin等。这些动词的肯定式不能和段时间状 语连用。在用法中要用延续性动词代替终止性动词。 n She has been back for two years.(正） She has come back for two years.（误） 终止性动词完成时的否定式表示一种否定状态是可以延续的， 所以其否定式可以和段时间状语连用。 n如：I havent seen him for ages.我好久没见到他了。（ 现在仍没见到他） 1. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在 造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等 表达）通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just， already, before, yet, never, ever 等状语连用。例如： I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just lost my math book. 助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词 注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有 人称。规则动词的过去分词变化与过去式相同， 不规则变化则须单独记忆。 2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的 动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引 导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词） 一段时间的表达方法有两种: for +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years 过去的某一时刻, since nine since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home 注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间。 He has been away since last week. He has been away for one week. 对划线部分提问都用 How long Since （3 3） have been (to)have been (to)和和have gone (to)have gone (to)的区别：的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经到过某地”，说 话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去某地了” ，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里，反正不在 这里。 试比较：试比较： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。 （人已走，不在这儿）。 一般过去时与现在完成时之比较一般过去时与现在完成时之比较 n1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过 去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成 时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 强调的是现在的情况。 n 2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完 成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 n 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday，last week ，ago，in1980，in October，just now等具体的时 间状语。 n 共同的时间状语有：this morning，tonight，this summer，before，already等。 n 现在完成时的时间状语有：for，since，ever， never，just，already，yet，in past years等不确定 的时间状语。 请大家认真分析比较下列各例句：请大家认真分析比较下列各例句： n I saw this film yesterday. n（只说明动作发生在过去。） n I have seen this film. n（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） n She has returned from Paris. n（她已从巴黎回来了。） n She returned yesterday. n（她是昨天回来的。） n He has been in the League for three years. n（在团内的状态可延续。） n He joined the League three years ago. n （ 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。） n注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如 ： n（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. n（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表 示一段时间的状语连用。如可说“He has left.”但不 能说“He has left for three years.” 如果要表达“他 已走了三年了”可用以下几种表达法： 一、用ago, 使用一般过去时。 He left here three years ago. 二、用“It is +一段时间since 一般过去时从句 ” It is three years since he left here. 三、用“ 一段时间have/ has passed + since + 一 般过去时从句” Three years have passed since he left here. 以上三种表示方法适用于所有瞬间动词。 另外，还可用其它表示方法，但只适用于部分 瞬间动词。具体办法是将瞬间动词转化为表延续的 动词或者表状态的be+名词形容词或副词介词 短语等。 1.直接转化成延续性动词 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /become have have a cold keepbe 2.转换成be+名词 join the army join the Party go to school be a soldier be a Party member be a student 3转换成be+形容词或副词 die finish begin leave fall sleep close open be dead be over be on be awaybe asleep be closed be open 4.转换成 be+介词短语 go to school join the army .我们买这本书三年了 。 We have had the book for three years. 他感冒三天了 。 He has had a cold for three days. We bought the book three years ago. He caught a cold three days ago. 一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句 be in school be in the army 自从上星期以来，我就借了这本书。 I have kept the book since last week. 我成为一个学生两年多了。 I have been a student for over two years. I borrowed the book last week. I became a student two years ago. Mr Black死了三年了。 Mr Black has been dead for three years. Mr Black died three years ago. 小明参军半年了。 Xiao Ming has been a soldier for half a year. Xiao Ming joined the army half a year ago. 我们上了8年学了。 We have been students for eight years. 下课10分钟了 。 The class has been over for ten minutes. 一看时间状语。如果句中没有表示过去确切时间的 状语，常用现在完成时；如果有，则只能用一般过 去时。如： I have visited the factory. I visited the factory last year. 二看句首有无疑问词。如果笼统地问人家做过某事 了吗（句首无疑问词），常用现在完成时；但进一 步询问何时、何地、何原因、用什么方式做那事时 （句首有疑问词）就要用一般过去时。如： Have you had your breakfast? Yes, I have. When did you have it? At seven thirty. 三看句中谓语动词是否为延续性动词。如果表示的动作或 状态一直延续到现在，最好选用延续性动词，并使用现在 完成时；如果是瞬间动词，则用一般过去时。如： He has been a league member for two months. He joined the Youth League two months ago. 注意： 这种用法是以连贯性问答为背景的。否则就需要 具体情况具体分析。如： How many words have you learned by heart? How did you learn them by heart? ( )1.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _? A. havent you B. have you C. do you D. dont you ( ) 2. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch ( )3. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live ( )4. His grandma _ for two years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead B C B D ( )5. Where is Han Mei now? She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone ( )6. _ you _to the United Stated? No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go ( )7. You havent changed your mind,_? A. do you B. are you C. have you D. did you ( )8. How long have you _ the football team of the school? A. played B. been at C. joined D been on A A C D Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7 第二课时第二课时 Section A -2d I. I. 知识目标知识目标 重点单词重点单词 1. survey n. 调查 2. standard n. 标准；水平 3. row n. 一排；一列；一行 4. keyboard n. 琴键；键盘； 5. instruction n. 指示，命令 6. double v. 加倍； 7. shall v. 将要 重点词组重点词组 1. be patient with sb 对有耐心 2. work out the answer yourself 自己找出答案 3. guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事 4. put in more effort 更加努力 重点句式重点句式 1. Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school? 中学毕业后，你会最怀念哪些老师？ 2. She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 她帮助你自己算出答案，无论它们有多难。 3. He always took time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldnt understand anything. 无论何时只要是我没听懂的，他总是花时间给我解释清楚。 II. 课堂环节课堂环节 课前活动课前活动-齐心协力齐心协力 T:Today,the weather is too hot.Do you feel sleepy? S:Yes. T:OK.Now,letdo an activity. 通过一个心理学的活动，将学生们吸引到课堂中，为后面课程的学习营造出良好的氛围。 课堂导学方案课堂导学方案 Step 1 情景导入 Our junior high is over.Its time to say goodbye.Looking back at these past three years,I believe many students have many memories.Do you think so?Theyre interesting,exciting,embar- rassing,maybe theyre sad. Step 2 1. 播放 2d 的对话录音，让学生跟读，模仿并理解大意。然后让学生分角色朗读并表演 2d 的对话。 （5 分钟） 2. 对话理解训练，根据对话补全下列方框中的短文 Clara said she would miss Ms. Lee and Mr. Brown the most after junior high school, because Ms. Lee helped Clara to work out the answers herself no matter how difficult they were and Mr. Brown always took time to explain things to her clearly whenever she couldnt understand anything. Judy said she would miss Ms. Griffin the most because she encouraged her in English class. Because of her, she put in more effort and her exam score doubled. 当堂评价方案当堂评价方案 备课资料包备课资料包 a. 词汇包： double v. 加倍； 一、用作限定词的用法 double 用作限定词时，意为“两倍” ，是前位限定词，其用法与其他前位限定词（如倍数词、 分数词、以及 all, both, half 等）的用法一样，不仅要放在所有形容词的前面，而且要放在 中位限定词（如冠词、指示代词、物主代词等）和后位限定词（序数词、基数词等）之前。 如：He got double the sum. 他得到了那个金额的两倍。 They want at least double their salaries. 他们想至少要把工资提高一倍。 Everything was almost double the normal price. 样样东西几乎都是平时价格的两倍。 有时可放在 what 从句之前。 如：His income is double what it was five years ago. 他的收入是 5 年前的两倍。 二、用作形容词的用法 double 用作形容词时，它有多个意思： 1. 表示“两倍的” “加倍的” 。 如：a double helping 一客双份的食物 2. 表示“双的” “成双的” “双层的” 。 如：You mustnt park on double yellow lines in England. 在英国双黄线上不许停车。 The room has double doors. 这房间有双层门。 3. 表示“两人用的” “双人的” 。 如：We bought a double bed. 我们买了一张双人床。 4. 表示“（意义、标准等）双重的” 。 如：The word has a double meaning. 这个词有双重意思。 This switch has a double purpose. 这个开关有双重用途。 注意：用作形容词的 double 与用作限定词时的 double 不仅意思不一样，而且词序也不一 样：按照现代英语语法，形容词总是放在限定词之后，所以用作形容词的 double 总是放在 冠词、物主代词、指示代词等限定词之后。比较： Do you like the double bed? 你喜欢这张双人床吗？ We cannot pay double the amount. 我们不能付双倍的数目。 三、用作副词的用法 double 用作副词时，有两个意思：一是表示“两人一道地” ，二是表示“双倍地” 。 如：The two children sleep double. 这两个小孩合睡一床。 The price of many things increased double. 许多东西的价格都上涨了一倍。 注意，用作副词的 double 主要用来修饰动词；若用于修饰形容词，则通常用 doubly 这一 副词形式。 如：Youve got to be doubly careful when youre driving in fog. 雾天开车你得加倍小心。 Losing both the Cup and the League is doubly disappointing. 在杯赛和联赛中双双失败真是令 人失望透顶。 四、用作名词的用法 double 用作名词，意思比较多，表示“两倍（的数或量） ” “加倍之物” “酷似的人或物” “双打”等。 如：Ill have a double, please. 请给我来一杯双份的。 Two doubles were employed for this scene. 拍这个场面雇用了两个替身。 五、用作动词时的用法 double 用作动词时，可及物或不及物，意思是“（使）加倍” “对折” 。 如：The music doubled in volume. 音乐的声音加大了一倍。 He told me not to double the pages. 他叫我不要折书页 b. 句式包： She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 她帮助你自己算出答案，无论它们有多难。 no matter 常与疑问代词或疑问副词一起构成连词词组引导让步状语从句，意为“不管， 无论” ，在运用时应注意以下几点： 一、注意从句的时态 由 no matter what/who/where/when，引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。如：No matter who you are, you must obey the rules. 无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。 二、注意被修饰的名词、形容词以及副词的位置 no matter what/whose/which 修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后；no matter how 修饰形容词 或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。 如：No matter how hard he works, he find it difficult to make ends meet. 无论他多么努力工作， 却总是入不敷出。 三、注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ever”在用法上的区别 1. “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。 如：No matter where he may be（=Wherever he may be）, he will be happy. 他无论在什么地 方都快乐。 2. 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句。 如：Give this book to whoever likes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。 （这里不能用 no matter who） 3. whoever 既可引导名词性从句，又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等；whomever 也可引 导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。 如：You may invite whomever you like. 4. whatever 表示“无论什么” ，没有一定的范围限制； whichever 表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些” ，其后可接一个名词。 如：Eat whichever cake you like.