1、UNIT 4NATURAL DISASTERS 单元检测卷 (满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟) 第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳 选项。 A (2021 北京丰台区高一上期中,易) Volunteer Day What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time?Come to Volunteer Day and choose wh
2、ich activity youd like to join for the day. See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join. A list of volunteer activities: Plant flowers:Do you enjoy being outside in nature? City Parks Association has many gre
3、at opportunities for people who love to be outdoors. Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks. These activities are very active, so remember to be prepared with plenty of drinking water! Play with animals:Do you
4、love animals? Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and enables volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned. Play with puppies, snuggle with cats, or hand-feed rabbits. Paint houses:Do you enjoy making art? If so, this volunteer opportu
5、nity might be just right for you! Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home repairs for needy people in the form of painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, Happy Homes enables volunteer painters to repaint old homes, outside or in. Happy
6、 Homes also enables painters to create beautiful wall paintings inside schools or community centers. 1.An outdoor lover probably takes part in. A.Plant flowersB.Paint houses C.Read to childrenD.Play with animals 2.What do Lovely Friends volunteers do? A.Read books to children. B.Spend time with anim
7、als. C.Help plant bushes in parks. D.Pick up garbage along the river. 3.The purpose of the passage is to. A.educate childrenB.attract volunteers C.comfort the elderlyD.encourage the disabled B (2021 山东六校高一上第二次阶段性联考,中) Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States
8、. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster. One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it wa
9、s not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip. After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. J
10、ust then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crash of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear. After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over.
11、Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve(阀门)was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before. Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home w
12、as then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement. While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a la
13、rge wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She was happy that she was still alive! 4.What can we infer from the first paragraph? A.Earthquakes are the main natural disasters in the US. B.Maggies parents
14、taught her how to survive in an earthquake. C.Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US. D.Maggie has some self-help awareness in earthquakes. 5.What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Very loud.B.Quite familiar. C.Very distant.D.Quite strange. 6.What can we know about M
15、aggie? A.She was the only child in her family. B.She was not afraid at all during the earthquake. C.She was hurt when tuning off the water valve. D.She had experienced an earthquake before. 7.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.A story of a girl in an earthquake. B.The importance of preparing
16、 for an earthquake. C.The ways to escape from an earthquake. D.The danger of an earthquake. C (2021 天津静海区第一中学高一 12 月月考,中) Phoenix, Arizona, the USA was shaken by a big sandstorm recently. It was a huge dust storm that struck Phoenix a little after 7:00 p.m. local time. Arizona has sandstorms particu
17、larly during the monsoon(季风) season which usually starts from mid-June until the end of September. However, this was so far the biggest. The cloud of dust turned day into night. Some trees were downed and gardens were destroyed and it cut off the power of thousands of local people along the area, bu
18、t luckily no death happened. A number of peoples pools became dirty with dust. People who lived in Phoenix for more than 40 years said that this was the first time they had experienced this huge dust storm. It could greatly influence peoples health. The big dust cloud started in Tucson traveling nor
19、th across the desert. The huge storm ran up to 60 miles per hour. It was more than 100 miles wide and a mile high. Besides Phoenix and nearby cities, the storm also reached Yuma area in southwestern and far western Arizona. It reduced the visibility (能见度) in these areas, putting off the flights at P
20、hoenix Sky Harbor International Airport. The storm only takes place in Arizona, the Sahara Desert and areas of the Middle East, because of the dry environment and large amounts of sand. Because of the serious shortage of rain, theres a large possibility that the water is polluted because of the stor
21、m. 8.In what season do sandstorms usually take place in Arizona? A.In fall and winter.B.In summer and fall. C.In winter and spring.D.In spring and summer. 9.The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to. A.the stormB.the windC.the desertD.the state 10.It is fortunate that though the big sandst
22、orm happened,. A.peoples health was not influenced B.it didnt do harm to peoples gardens C.all the local people in the area survived D.the electricity power was not at all affected 11.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.Phoenix, Arizona has more sandstorms. B.Sandstorms do a great deal of har
23、m to people. C.We must do something to prevent sandstorms. D.Phoenix, Arizona experienced a huge sandstorm. D (2021 四川眉山高一上期末,难) There are many gardening tips. Some suggest playing music for your houseplants, having conversations with them, or even giving them a gentle touch now and then. Most of th
24、ese practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden, and generally harmless enough but except the last one. Your plants really dislike it when you touch them. A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensi
25、tive to the touch, and even a light touch can significantly stunt(遏制)their growth. “The lightest touch from a human, animals, insects, or even plants touching each other in the wind, can cause a huge gene response in the plant,”said Jim Whelan, who led the new study. “Within 30 minutes of being touc
26、hed, 10% of the plants genome(基因组)can be changed. This involves a huge expenditure(消耗)of energy which is taken away from plant growth. If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%.” Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond, at the genetic level, s
27、o strongly. They do have some theories, however. “We know that when an insect lands on a plant, genes are activated(激 活)to prepare the plant for defending itself against being eaten,” said Dr. Yan Wang, co-author of the study. Until more research is done, its just a guess at this point. Still, the f
28、indings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops, to best promote healthier growth. Its worth noticing that while the study has found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways, its really repeated touch that causes lasting stunted growt
29、h. Thats because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching, to tell harmful touch from random touch. So it doesnt matter if you accidentally brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods. 12.How is the passage mainly developed? A.By comparing. B.By giving examples. C.By listing n
30、umbers. D.By showing results of studies. 13.Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study? A.It leads to the plants energy expenditure. B.It makes the plant sensitive to threats. C.It causes a genetic disorder in the plant. D.It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients. 14.Whats the im
31、portance of the study by Whelan and his team? A.It gives us more useful gardening tips. B.It helps find ways to ensure plants healthy growth. C.It contributes to the further study on genes. D.It uses data to warn people not to touch plants. 15.What is the passage mainly about? A.Something is done to
32、 help plants grow. B.Plants genome can be changed easily. C.Plants dont really like to be touched. D.What we do every day may destroy plants. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2021 山东淄博高一上期末,中) Steps to Take Control of Your Time Your time is valuable. Manag
33、ing your work and your life to get everything done without more stress is a big challenge.16Follow them so that you can find the best part of your life. Set your goals.17Get to pick up the goals, whether theyre what youre going to finish today, this week, or this month. Try to keep the goals within
34、something thats manageable and can adapt to emergencies(紧急情况). 18Again, its your plan, and you get to choose one that suits your ability. It has to include all your business duties in addition to personal time. The key is having the rules to stick to the plan. Say no when you have to, and if necessa
35、ry, try to meet new demands for your time. Do the right things right by listing the importance of your activities. The goal is not to just get things done, but to finish whats most important to you in your work and your life.19 Improve productivity by sharpening your concentration and focus. Keep yo
36、urself away from emails, phone calls and social media for periods of time that you arrange.20Unless youre waiting for an important message or phone call, do not respond during these periods. A.Create and follow a time management plan. B.Figure out how important each of your task is. C.It is importan
37、t to plan well to achieve your goal. D.Do what you can to improve your work efficiency. E.Keep anything that disturbs your attention out of easy reach. F.Know where you are today and where you want to be in the future. G.Here are helpful tips on how to start taking control of your time. 16.17.18.19.
38、20. 第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2021 山东新高考质量联盟联考,难) When Hurricane Laura21the city of Lake Charles, an evacuation (疏散;撤离) was ordered. But for the 19 newly-born babies, leaving was pretty much22. Members at the hospital were23 that
39、theyd remain with them until the danger passed. With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other24stayed behind in the NICU,25 their little babies in turn. Later, for their safety, they sent the babies to their main campus across the26in under two hours. The who
40、le hospital went all out to make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the27. Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was28out and water was cut off in the hospital. Throughout the hurricane, Dr. Bossano kept anxious parents calm by frequent29on his Facebook page. The sto
41、rm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadnt been30by the hurricane. “This morning, the babies were31. Thank goodness, I finally got a couple of hours of32,” said Bossano. Its important to know the devotion of all the nurses and doctors to keep taking care of the babie
42、s when they didnt even know the33of their homes. “In a small town like this, people have to34. Im proud of them,” Bossano35. 21.A.arrivedB.leftC.hitD.beat 22.A.impossibleB.necessary C.importantD.suitable 23.A.frightenedB.worriedC.annoyedD.determined 24.A.soldiersB.parentsC.doctorsD.friends 25.A.look
43、ing forB.caring for C.asking forD.waiting for 26.A.cityB.countryC.schoolD.university 27.A.wayB.tripC.dayD.plan 28.A.knockedB.turnedC.checkedD.called 29.A.tipsB.titlesC.topicsD.posts 30.A.appliedB.trappedC.sufferedD.affected 31.A.dangerousB.safeC.awakeD.calm 32.A.sleepB.focus C.energyD.entertainment
44、33.A.contentB.designC.conditionD.impression 34.A.put togetherB.come together C.pull togetherD.get together 35.A.admiredB.addedC.introducedD.advanced 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。 (2021 福建三明一中高一下开学检查考试,易) Earthquakes are quite common. In fact, thousands of earthqu
45、akes are happening almost at every moment. However, most of36(they) are too weak to be felt. During a big earthquake, there is often a big noise first. Then the earth shakes37(terrible) and many houses fall down. As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world, the earthquake often results3
46、8many people being injured or killed. In 2008, a terrible earthquake39(strike) Chinas Sichuan Province, causing severe casualties(伤亡). Besides the great damage and deaths40(cause) by the earthquake, other accidents such as fires often follow. More buildings may be damaged and more injuries may be ca
47、used. For41(century), people have been making studies of earthquakes. About 2,000 years ago, for example,42Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng invented a machine43could find out the direction where the earthquake waves came. With the rapid44(develop) of modern science and technology, we now know a lo
48、t more about earthquakes. However, it is still difficult for scientists45(predict) exactly when and where the earthquake will happen, and we cant stop it from happening. 36.37.38.39.40. 41.42.43.44.45. 第三部分写作(共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) (2021 北京海淀区高一上期末,中) 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的美国笔友 Jim 对你校社 团的近期活动非常感兴趣。请你
49、用英语给他写一封信,向他介绍你们 社团为边远地区的学生提供在线课程的情况。具体内容包括: 1.该活动的目的; 2.该活动的内容; 3.你参与该活动的感受。 注意: 1.词数 80 左右; 2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 参考词汇:在线课程 online courses Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分 25 分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成 一篇完整的短文。 (2021 河北邢台高一下开学考试,难) Jackson, now a successful architect in New York City, comes back
50、to his fathers small wooden house that is on an island in the middle of a lake in New Hampshire. Jackson is fond of fishing. He often takes his son and daughters to fish in the same place, where he used to fish when he was a child. His children are addicted to the fishing joy, which reminds him of t
