1、Welcome unit 句式剖析 2 Pattern1教材 P6They take the same subjects as you do,like maths and English.他们和你学习同样的科 目,比如数学和英语。 句式剖析 本句为复合句,句中 as 为关系代词,引导其后的定语从句,修饰先行词 subjects。 考点提炼 the same()as结构 当先行词是 the same 或被 the same 修饰时,后面的定语从句常用 as 引导,这时 as 是关系代词,在定语从 句中做主语、宾语或表语。这样的定语从句常用省略形式。 He studies in the same
2、school as I (do).他和我在同一所学校上学。 He is not the same man as he was.他已不是过去的他了。 辨析比较the samethat与 the sameas 在 the samethat结构中,that 所指的事物通常就是前面已经提到的某个特定事物;而在 the sameas结构中,as 所指的事物是与前面所提到的事物同类的另一个事物,从句常用省略结构。 This is the same pen as I lost last week. 这支钢笔跟我上周丢的那支一样。(不是同一支) This is the same pen that I lost
3、 last week. 这就是我上周丢的那支钢笔。(是同一支) 归纳拓展 当先行词是 the same()时,若定语从句中缺的是状语,需根据先行词来确定关系词用 when,where 或 why 等。 This is the same museum where we took photos last year. 这就是我们去年在那里拍照的那个博物馆。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Im lucky enough to find the same knifeI lost yesterday. (2)I have the same magazineyou bought yesterday. (3)
4、Mrs Henry took the police back to the same placeshe witnessed the robbery. (4)My friend arrived at the cinema almost at the same timeI did yesterday. 参考答案 (1)that句意:我足够幸运找到了我昨天丢的那把刀。此处用 that 指代同一事物。 (2)as句意:我有一本和你昨天买的一样的杂志。此处表示同类事物,故用 as。 (3)where句意:亨利夫人把警察带回到她目睹抢劫的那个地方。定语从句的先行词是“the same place”, 从句
5、缺少的是地点状语,因此引导词用 where,而不能用 as/that。 (4)when句意:我的朋友昨天和我差不多同时到达电影院。因先行词是指的时间,且此处关系词做定语 从句中的时间状语,故应填 when。 Pattern2教材 P6And,after a long day of study,he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out.并且,在学习了一整天后,他喜欢看日落并等待星星的出现。 句式剖析 本句为简单句,属于“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语为go down;and连接to wa
6、tch和(to) wait两个不定式结构,后一个不定式符号 to 被省略了。 考点提炼 “感官动词+宾语+do”结构 该结构用法如下: (1)在“感官动词+宾语+do”结构中,常见的感官动词(词组)有:see,hear,watch,feel,notice,observe,listen to,look at 等; (2)该结构中的 do 为不带 to 的不定式,表示主动的动作,且指动作发生的全过程; (3)在被动语态中,不带 to 的宾语补足语变为主语补足语时,要还原不定式符号 to。 Someone saw her come into the classroom.=She was seen t
7、o come into the classroom.有人看到她走进了教 室。 归纳拓展 在“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语的形式除了 do 以外,还有 doing 和 done,其中 doing 表示主动且动作正在进行,done 表示被动且动作已经完成。 I saw him crossing the street when the accident happened.事故发生时,我看见他正在过马路。(crossing 表 示主动和动作正在进行) When I got home I saw the window broken.我到家时,看到窗户被打破了。(broken 表示被动和
8、动作已经 完成) 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)Yesterday,Jack and I were walking down the street when we saw an old man(fall) off his bike. (2)I looked up and noticed a snake(wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. (3)The students were seen(play) basketball yesterday afternoon. (4)The lost boy was last seen(play
9、) at the river side. 参考答案 (1)fallan old man 和 fall 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,且这里表示看到了动作发生的全过程,故填 fall。 (2)windinga snake与wind之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故此处用现在分词winding做宾语补足语表示主 动且动作正在进行。 (3)to play此处为“感官动词+宾语+do”结构的被动形式,不定式符号 to 要还原。 (4)playing此处用现在分词做补足语,指最后一次被看到的当时情景。 Pattern3教材P6Studying and doing homework seem much more fun
10、 when you are at sea!当你在海上时, 学习和做作业似乎有趣多了! 句式剖析 本句为复合句,句中“whensea”为时间状语从句,前面的部分为主句。主句中“Studying and doing homework”为动名词短语,在句中做主语。 考点提炼 动名词短语做主语的用法 (1)意义:多表示一般性的、抽象的动作或状态。 (2)谓语动词的数:动名词短语做主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 (3)位置:动名词短语可位于句首或句末,位于句末时常用 it 做形式主语。 不定式(短语)做主语多表示一次性的、具体的动作。 Having a balanced diet is very im
11、portant.均衡的饮食非常重要。 特别提醒特别提醒 动名词短语做主语时,如果要突出动名词短语动作的执行者,要在动名词短语前加上其逻辑主语,这个 逻辑主语要用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词,不能用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格。 Roses coming wont be of much help.罗丝的到来不会有很大的帮助。(不能用 Rose) 归纳拓展归纳拓展 动名词短语做主语时用 it 做形式主语的常见句型: It is no use/no good/fun/a waste time doing sth.做某事没有用/没有好处/有趣/浪费时间。 It is useless/worth/wort
12、hwhile doing sth.做某事没有用/是值得的。 经典例题 单句语法填空 (1)(learn) to think critically(批判性地)is an import ant skill todays children will need for the future. (2)(he) not being able to attend the meeting made us all very unhappy. (3)If you want to succeed,it is no use(talk) too much without actually doing anything
13、at all. (4)(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. (5)(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. (6)It is no good completely(ban) studentssurfing the Internet. (7)Recycling plastics and aluminum(铝),for instance,(use) only 5% to 10% as much energy as producing new plastic or smelting(提炼) aluminum. 参考答案 (1)Learning(2)His(3)talking (4)Travelling(5)Ignoring (6)banning;from(7)uses
