1、1 概要写作微技能概要写作微技能换说换说 Restate the authors idea I.总原则：字数不超过原句，不改变原文的逻辑，充 分考虑语句压缩 II.方法 1. 转化 1） 使用近义词或反义词 e.g.1 To research whether such a “sixth sense” really exists, Robert Baker performed two experiments. researchstudy;whetherif; performedmade e.g.2 Zhou Yang will never forget his first assignment
2、as a journalist. neverforgetremember;assignmenttask; journalistreporter 2） 短语变单词 e.g. Cleaning away dirt is good to health. cleaningawayRemoving;isgood tobenefits 3） 从句变短语（介词短语、状语从句变非谓语、 定语从句变后置定语） 2 e.g.1. If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. With the intervi
3、ewees agreement, a recorder could be used. e.g. 2. The skin is a necessary organ, which can serve as a barrier against outside dangers. The skin is a necessary organ as a barrier against outside dangers. 4） 用 广 义 词 （ general words ） 代 替 具 体 词 （specific words） e.g. She brought home several Chinese an
4、d English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek, and some textbooks. Shebroughthomealotofbooksand magazines. 5） 直接引语的主要信息变间接引语 e.g. The boss said to him, “ Till youre more experienced you can cover a story.” The boss said that with more experience he could cover news. 6） 主动句和被动句互换 3 e.g.RobertBa
5、ker,apsychologistatthe UniversityofKentucky,performedtwo experiments. Two experiments were carried out by a psychologist. 7） 特殊句式（强调句、倒装句、there be）和正 常语序句式的转化 e.g.1. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information. You will obtain all the information if various question
6、s are asked. e.g.2 such a “six sense” really exists. there is really a “six sense”. 8） 基本句型灵活转换 Dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease. (S+V+P) Dirt on the skin could protect people from getting ill. (S+V+O) 2. 合并（用从句、分词或 with 结构） e.g.1 She was attracted by the beauty of nature. She decid
7、ed to spend another two days on the farm. 4 Attracted by the beauty of nature, she decided to spend another two days on the farm. e.g.2 I have tons of homework to do every day. I hardly have any time to hang out with friends. With tons of homework to do, I hardly have any time to hang out with frien
8、ds. 3. 连接：用衔接词把几个简单句合并成一个并列句 或复合句（连接词优先考虑最短连接词，如连接词优先考虑最短连接词，如 first 就比就比 in the first place 要好要好） e.g. We shouldnt be threatened, but challenged. Their presence is going to be a great blessing for society. Their presence is not a threat but a challenge as well as a great blessing for society. III.练
9、习（将以上方法综合运用） 1. There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. People have changing opinions toward dirt over time. 或 peoples viewpoints towards dirt are changing. 2. OceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerstudiesocean currents in a special way. Curtis Ebbesmeyer, an ocean expert, uses a unique way to study oc
10、ean currents. 5 3. Most stars are skilled in their own field not only because of their talents but also because of their hard training. They are the best in their fields thanks to their talents and hard training. 4. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to large financialproblems,familyconflict,a
11、nddeep unhappiness. This kind of addictive behavior can lead to severe consequences. 5. The concept that all processed foods are unhealthy is far from accurate. The concept that all processed foods are unhealthy is wrong/not correct/incorrect. 或 It is wrong to think all processed foods are unhealthy
12、. 6. e.g. Because of the sports stars, our life becomes more exciting. They contribute to the spiritual well-being of their people. Sports stars performance bring people excitement and spiritual well-being. 6 7. When you spend time with people who constantly complain, you are likely to view things i
13、n a negative lights. Being exposed to constant complainers will make you one of them. 或 Exposure to regular complainers will probably affect your own point of view. 或 Contact with constant complainers tend to make you view things negative. 8. BeautifulmountainslikeMountTai,Lushan Mountain, and Yello
14、w Mountain, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on those mountains and better rain and bus services, have brought them within reach to many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago. Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited
15、 by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation. IV.换说常用词 1.同义替换词 difficult/demanding/challenging many/ a large number of/ plenty of/ a good many/ many a 7 abundant/ plentiful/ ample bad/ negative good/ excellent/ outst
16、anding/ remarkable big/giant/ vast/ large/ huge/ massive/ enormous/ tremendous sad/ depressed/ frustrated different/ various/ a variety of/ diverse interesting/ amusing/ funny/ entertaining brave/ bold/ fearless/ courageous rich/ wealthy poor/ needy 2.连接词 附加 and, in addition, as well as, besides, fu
17、rthermore, also, moreover, not onlybut also 顺序first, second, to begin with, then, next, later, afterwards 结果 as a result, result in, so, therefore, in that case, accordingly, consequently, thus 对 比 / 转 折 / 过渡 however, despite, in spite of, although, though, but, on thecontrary, yet, instead of, rath
18、er than, whereas 肯定obviously, certainly, of course, undoubtedly 条件if/ given, unless, as long as, providing that, so that, depending on 定义is, refer to, means, that is, consist of 举例 for example/instance, a case in point is that, takefor example, such as , namely 总结 to conclude, to sum up, to summariz
19、e, in summary, in conclusion, in short, in brief, on the whole, in general, all in all, 理由 since, now that, on the ground that, due to, owing to, because of, for this reason 观点 as far as I am concerned, as for me, in my opinion, in my view, personally speaking 强调 above all, after all, particularly, anyway, even worse, more often than that, most important of all, needless to say, no doubt 比较similarly, in the same manner, in a similar way, in common, likewise, 8 equally important 时间 from then on, immediately, meanwhile, while, as soon as, when, whenever, as, since, before, after
