1、Presenter: C O N T E N T S 什么是定语从句 先行词 关系词 什么是定语从句 PART ONE The woman is my teacher. The woman is talking to me . The woman who is talking to me is my teacher. I will never forget the days. I spent the days with my grandmother. I will never forget the days that I spent with my grandmother. 定语从句就是在大句
2、子中充当定语的小句子 定语从句的含义 定语从句要后置来修饰名词 The woman who is talking to me is my teacher 定语从句的结构 先行词 关系词 句子 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子 The factory that we are going to visit produces watches. The reason that he explained to his father was a false one. . We often think of the days we spent together in the countryside. . 拆分句
3、子练习拆分句子练习 We are going to visit the factory. The factory produces watches. He explained the reason to his father. The reason was a false one. We often think of the days. We spent the days together in the countryside. 先行词 PART TWO 先行词 The woman who is talking to me is my teacher. 先行词是被定语从句修饰的词 在定语从句前
4、 The factory that we are going to visit produces watches. The reason that he explained to his father was a false one. . We often think of the days we spent together in the countryside. . 找出先行词找出先行词 关系词 PART THREE 关系词 关系词在先行词和定语从句之间， 同时在定语从句中指代先行词，作从句的一个成分 The woman who is talking to me is my teacher
5、. 关系词 The factory that we visited yesterday produces bikes. The flower you give to me is beautiful. The girl who is dancing is my sister. . 关系词：that 作宾语 关系词：that 作宾语 关系词：who 作主语 关系词 关系词 关系代词：who, whom, that, which 关系副词：when, where, why 关系代词 关系词关系词所修饰的先行词所修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分在从句中所作的成分 关系代词关系代词 who人人主语，宾语主
6、语，宾语 whom人人宾语宾语 which物物主语，宾语主语，宾语 that人或物人或物主语，宾语，表语主语，宾语，表语 whose人或物人或物定语定语 who, whom 1.who在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语可省。在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语可省。 The girl who is in red is Lily. I like the person who you are talking to. 2. whom在句中作宾语，在句中作宾语， 在介词后面不可省略在介词后面不可省略 I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at
7、 a party yesterday. I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. who做主语，不可省略 who做宾语，可省略 whom做宾语，可省略 whom在介词后，不可省略 that, which 1.that可以指人也可以指物，可以指人也可以指物，which只能指物只能指物 2. 先行词为物时，通常情况下先行词为物时，通常情况下that和和which可以互换可以互换,他们都可以作主语或宾语他们都可以作主语或宾语 作宾语时可省略，作主语不能省略。作宾语时可省略，作主语不能省略。 His father works i
8、n a factory that/which makes TV sets. The coat _ I put on the desk is black. The room _ I live in is very big. The room in _ I live is very big. 作主语，不可省略 that/ which/ 不填 作宾语，可省略 that/ which/ 不填 which The room in which I live is very big. I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. 在定语从
9、句中做介词宾语时，常由在定语从句中做介词宾语时，常由 介词介词 + which / whom 引出引出 先行词先行词 + 介词介词 + which / whom + 从句从句 在介词后面时，先行词为人，关系代词用只能在介词后面时，先行词为人，关系代词用只能whom，且不可省略，且不可省略 先行词为物，关系代词只能用先行词为物，关系代词只能用which，且不可省略，且不可省略 记忆口诀记忆口诀 “最不避人物最不避人物” “最最”-极端修饰：极端修饰： 如最高级、序数词、the only, the same, the very，the last， the right，just 等 This is
10、the best film that has been shown so far in the city. . 最最 “避避”-避免重复避免重复 当主句是以who或者which开头的特 殊疑问句是，为避免重复，后面关系 词用that。 Who is the person that is standing at the school gate? 避避 “不不”-不定代词不定代词 (everything, nothing, something, anything, some，all, much, little, few, none, 等) He did everything that could
11、help us. 不不 人物人物”-先行词有人也有物先行词有人也有物 Im going to talk about the people and countries that I have visited. 人物人物 只能用that的情况 whose whose的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。的先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 This is the scientist whose achievements are well known. = This is the scientist, the achievements _ are well known. Id
12、like a room whose window faces the sea. = Id like a room the window _ faces the sea. whose = the n. + of which/whom of whom of which I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. A. which B. whose C. who D. that Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. which B. whe
13、re C.in which D. the one The girl _ is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which This is the mountain village _ I visited last year. A. what B. it C. which D. whose 随堂练习 关系副词 关系词关系词 所修饰的先行词所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分在从句中所作的成分 关系副词关系副词 when时间名词时间名词时间状语时间状语 where地
14、点名词地点名词地点状语地点状语 why原因名词原因名词原因状语原因状语 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词， 在从句中作状语。 when指时间，在从句指时间，在从句 中作时间状语，中作时间状语， 它的先行词通常为它的先行词通常为 time,day,morning,night, week,year, moment等等 when where指地点，在从句指地点，在从句 中作地点状语，中作地点状语， 它的先行词通常为它的先行词通常为 place，village，house， room，building， town等等 where why指原因，在从句指原因，在从句 中作原因状语，它的中作
15、原因状语，它的 先行词通常为先行词通常为reason。 why 关系副词 I will never forget the day when I won the prize. This is the village where I stayed last year. Tell me the reason why she was late. 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构， 因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何
16、人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 随堂练习 1.This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year. 2.This is the mountain village _ I visited last year,. 5.I forget the time _ he will come. 6.I forget the time _ he told me. 7.The reason _ he cant come is that he is ill. 8.The reason _ he told me is not true. where which when which why which
