1、unit 1 discovering useful structures phrase 短语 review 分析下列句子的句子成分。 1.The beautiful girl next to me speaks English well. 2.Do not walk too fast. 3.I found my new bag completely empty. 短语： 没有一个句子所要求的主语，谓语等结构，不成句子，又是由最 基本的词（名词，形容词，副词，动词，介词）组成的。所以在 完整性上介于句子和单词之间。由两个或；两个以上的词组成的， 没有完整的句子结构，但又有一定的语法和逻辑关系的词
2、的组合 就是短语。 分类： 1. 名词短语名词短语 (Noun Phrase)：指以一个：指以一个名词为中心名词为中心 构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。 2. 形容词短语形容词短语 (Adjective Phrase)：指以一个：指以一个形容形容 词为中心词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形 容词。容词。 3. 副词短语副词短语 (Adverb Phrase)：指以一个：指以一个副词为中副词为中 心心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。 1. The first week was a
3、 little confusing. 2. The building is so big that Im completely lost. NP AdjP Read to find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories on page 16. NP AdjP AdjP 3. The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate. 4. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can
4、 do well in the debate. NP NP AdvP NP 5 . The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough. 6. My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast. NP AdvP AdvP AdjP NP NP 【语法归纳形容词】 (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如： Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语） The fish went bad. （作表语） We
5、 keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语） (2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等 不定代词时，形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. (3)the+形容词表示一类人或物。 The poor, the homeless, the young, the old, the disabled The rich should help the poo
6、r. 若有多个形容词修饰名词，它们的位置要由它们与被 修饰词的密切度来决定。它们的排列顺序通常是（县官行 令射国材） 县 即“限”指的是限定词，包括冠词，指示代词，形容词， 性物主代词，名词所有格，数次等，比如：the；a/an； these；that；your；my. 官 即“观”代表白表示观点的描绘形形容词或评价性词， 比如：beautiful; lovely；interesting；great. 行 即“形”指的形状大小，长短，高低的形容词，比如： large；big；small；little；round. 令 即“龄”指的年龄以及新旧的形容词，比如：new；old； ancient；.
7、 射 即“色”指的颜色，比如：red；green；orange； brown. 国指的国家或出处，比如： Chinese； Japanese；. 材 指的是形成中心名词的材料，也就是用什么做的。比如： glass；stone；wood. 1. 一座古老漂亮的石桥 2. 两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌 3. 他那辆新的大型黑色外国轿车 a beautiful old stone bridge two big round new Chinese wooden tables his large new black foreign car 短语类型短语类型组成组成功能功能例子例子 副词短语副词短语 (Ad
8、verb Phrase) 1. 副副 +and/but+ 副副 2. 副副+副副 3. very/ quite/ a lot/ a little+副副 4. 副副 +enough 5. 副副+介词介词 在句中可修在句中可修 饰动词饰动词/形容形容 词词/副词和介副词和介 词等，表示词等，表示 时间、地点、时间、地点、 方式等，用方式等，用 作表语、定作表语、定 语、宾语。语、宾语。 again and again extremely fast quite well clearly enough 副词在句中可作状语，表语和定语。 He studies very hard. （作状语） Life
9、here is full of joy.（作定语） When will you be back? （作表语） 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类： 时间副词、地点副词、疑问副词、方式副词、 程度副词等 【语法归纳副词】 单句写作 1. 那些游客们回到宾馆，又累又困。 Those travelers returned to the hotel, _. 2. 他们很高兴地沿着这条路走着。 They walked along the way _. 3. 史密斯先生决定吃的更健康。 Mr. Smith decided to eat _. 4. 期末考试令人难以置信地难。 The final exams
10、were _. 5. 这个馅饼很好吃，但是非常贵。 This pie is _ but _. tired and sleepy happily more healthily incredibly difficult dilicious very expensive I will finish my homework pretty soon. My new teachers are very nice and patient. Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets. 1. How soon do you think youll fi
11、nish your homework? (pretty soon) 2. What do you think of your new teachers? (very nice and patient) 3. How many clubs have you joined this year? (two clubs) 4. How well does Rita play the violin? We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well) I have joined two clubs this year. Rita plays t
12、he violin quite well. 5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course? (too difficult but very interesting) My adviser said that the advanced literature was too difficult but very interesting. Joyce has just written a draft on page 16. Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.
