1、Grammar The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause He is my father . He wears a white shirt. The man who wears a white shirt is my father . a) I have a dad who never do homework. b) I have a dad , who never do homework. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 The man is a doctor . who lives next
2、 door 1. 限制性定语从句是限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少先行词在意义上不可缺少 的定语的定语, 如果去掉如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或主句的意思就不完整或 失去意义。如失去意义。如: Mr.Brown , is a doctor . who lives next door 2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切, 只是只是对先行词对先行词 作些附加的说明作些附加的说明, 如果去掉如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。这种主句的意思仍然清楚。这种 从句和主句之间往往用从句和主句之间往往用 逗号分开逗号分开, 不用不用that引导。引导。 3.大
3、多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词 往往为某一个往往为某一个词或短语词或短语, 而有时非限制性而有时非限制性 定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句, 此时非此时非 限制性定语从句常由限制性定语从句常由which引导。引导。 eg. A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫, 这事令我十分恐惧。这事令我十分恐惧。 非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系 指
4、人指人指物指物在定语从句中的作在定语从句中的作 用用 Who Whom Which whose 主语主语 主语主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 宾语宾语 指代整个主句指代整个主句 关系副词关系副词(where, when)的指代关系的指代关系 指地点指地点指时间指时间 在定语从句中的作用在定语从句中的作用 时间状语时间状语 地点状语地点状语 that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。 tip 介词介词+which 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时, 往往先确
5、定先行词往往先确定先行词, 然后再分析先行词然后再分析先行词 在从句中的作用在从句中的作用, 再对关系词加以选择。再对关系词加以选择。 整理一番整理一番 品读规律品读规律 Tom found the ancient book, which was broken. As is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the UFO in the field. I like the house, whose windows face the sea. 先行词指物先行词指物, 在从句中做主或宾语在从句中做主或宾语, 用关系词用关系词 which, 不能用不能用t
6、hat As引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句, 可放在可放在 主句之前，也可放在主句后面。主句之前，也可放在主句后面。 先行词在从句做定语先行词在从句做定语, 用关系词用关系词whose Allthatglittersisnotgold,aseveryoneknows. 介词介词+关系代词关系代词, 介词的选用介词的选用, 要根据从句的谓语要根据从句的谓语 动词的构成。动词的构成。 People will remember August 8th,2008, when 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. 先行词在从句中做时间状语先行词在从句
7、中做时间状语, 用用when或介词或介词 +which。 Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends. As 在引导非限制性定语从句中，可指代整个主句内容，在引导非限制性定语从句中，可指代整个主句内容， 并有并有“正如、像正如、像一样一样”的含义，其位置可放在主句的含义，其位置可放在主句 前面，也可放在后面。而前面，也可放在后面。而which引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句 只能放在只能放在 ，且无，且无“正如正如”之意。之意。 As we all know, he is a famous s
8、cientist. As is well known to all, Taiwan is a part of China. 常与常与as连用的词有连用的词有 know, see, expect, point out 等。等。 试比较下面两个句子。试比较下面两个句子。 He went abroad, _was expected. He went abroad, _was unexpected. as which 当从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用当从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which引导。引导。 错漏错漏“摆摆”出出 1. People are excited to meet Zh
9、ai Zhigang, he was the first Chinese to walk in space . 2. Many Chinese will never forget May 12th, 2008, when a big earthquake happened in Sichuan then. 3. Which is shown on TV, many children suffered a lot from the polluted milk. he who then 去掉去掉 Which As 错漏错漏“摆摆”出出 4. Lin Hao is a hero, who we sh
10、ould learn. 5. China got the most gold medals in the Olympics, that makes people excited. 6. I dream of going to Beijing, which the 29th Olympic Games was held. who from whom that which which where/ in which competition 1. Hangzhou is a beautiful city, _ people visit the famous West Lake. 2. Beijing
11、, _ is the capital of China, has a very long history. 3. _ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. The young man had a new girl friend, _ is a pop star. Exercises which As who where/in which 5. I should thank my teacher, with _ help, I solved the problem. 6. He once worked on the Birds Nest, _ _
12、 his son is proud. whose ofwhich “Doctor,” she said loudly, breaking into the room, _ there was a man, “I want you to tell what is wrong with me.” He looked at her from head to foot, then said, “_ is shown in the mirror, Ive just three things to tell you. Fill in the blanks with proper link words Th
13、e doctor lives downstairs where As First, I suggest that you, my lady, _ weight needs reducing by nearly fifty pounds, should do more exercise. Second, you may use 1/10 as much lipstick (口红口红), by _ you will be prettier. And third, Im an artist-the doctor, _ you are looking for, lives downstairs. wh
14、ich whom whose 1.She was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, _ made the others unhappy. A. which B. who C. this D. what 2. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. when C. that D. where A D 练一练练一练 3. The gentleman
15、 _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom 4. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. where C. in which D. that B D 5. The old man has two sons, _ is a soldier. A. one of whom B. both of them C. all of whom D. none of them 6. New York is famous for i
16、ts sky-scrapers (摩天大楼摩天大楼),_ has more than 100 storeys. A. the higher of them B. the highest of which C. the highest of them D. some of which A B 7. My home village is no longer the same _ it used to be. A. which B. as C. where D. when 8. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.
17、, _ many people have gone home. A. whose time B. that C. at which D. by which time B D 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that D. which 10. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D.
18、it B B 11. Mr. Wang is a boss, _ factory Li Ping worked. A. in whose B. whose C. in whom D. of which 12. I dont like the way _ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. All A, B, and C A D 13. I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a good effect on my lif
19、e. A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who 14. _ is known to all, China will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. A. What B. That C. As D. It B C 15. Is this book _ you want to borrow from the library? A. that B. which C. the one D. / 16. Such a book _ you sh
20、owed me is difficult to understand. A. that B. which C. as D. like C C 17. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. A. / B. that C. which D. who 18. This is the store _ we visited the famous shop assistants. A. where B. there C. that D. which B A 19. Im going to spend my
21、 holiday in Beijing, _ my old parents live. A. which B. that C. where D. there 20. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where C D 猜猜看猜猜看, 下面的句子明白了吗下面的句子明白了吗? 1. 不懂装懂不懂装懂, 一事无一事无成。成。 He who knows nothing but pretends to k
22、now everything, is indeed a good-for-nothing. 2. 甘当小绵羊甘当小绵羊, 迟早要喂狼。迟早要喂狼。 He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 3. 万事开头难。万事开头难。 Its the first step that costs. 4. 千里之行千里之行, 始于足始于足下。下。 He who would climb that ladder must begin at the bottom. 5.自满的人腹中自满的人腹中空。空。 He who is full of him
23、self is very empty. 6. 闪光的未必都是金子。闪光的未必都是金子。 Not all that glitters is gold. Homework 1. Review the grammar points; 2. Finish exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4 on page 4; 3. Preview using language. 1. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbo
24、w soon. (2008 福建福建) A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 高考真题高考真题 D 2. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. (2008 湖南湖南) A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that B 3. The Science Museum, _ we visited durin
25、g a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. (2008 江苏江苏) A. whichB. what C. thatD. where A 4. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. (2008 全国全国) A. it B. what C. which D. that C 5. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of s
26、mall diamonds. (2008 陕西陕西) A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which D 6. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _ New York is an example. (2008 四川四川) A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which C 7. Yesterday she sold
27、 her car, _ she bought a month ago. (2008 浙江浙江) A. whom B. where C. that D. which 8. Ill give you your friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. (2008 北京北京) A. which B. when C. whom D. where D D 9. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008 重庆重庆) A. where B. there C. which D. when 10. All the neighbor admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (2008 安徽安徽) A. why B. where C. which D. that A B
