1、2020-20212020-2021 学年高一英语人教版（学年高一英语人教版（20192019）必修第三册期末专）必修第三册期末专题复习之阅读理解精选习题题复习之阅读理解精选习题一 、 阅 读 理 解一 、 阅 读 理 解1、 Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Lets state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the internationalsymbol for genius. But we wan
2、t to go beyond one man and explore the nature ofgenius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creativethan the rest of us? And who are they?In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, ofEuropean origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It
3、s said that history is written by thevictors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. Whencontributions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen, or people of adifferent color or beliefthey were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published by Scie
4、nce found that as young as age six, girls are lesslikely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.”Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start toavoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our
5、 planetafford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesnt take agenius to know the answer: absolutely not.Heres the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication,were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more welook, the more
6、 we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class donot determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come fromthose with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune,who are able to change the world.”(1). What does the author think of v
7、ictors standards for joining the genius club?A. Theyre unfair.B. Theyre conservative.C. Theyre objective.D. Theyre strict.(2). What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?A. They think themselves smart.B. They look up to great thinkers.C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.D.
8、They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs(3). Why are more geniuses known to the public?A. Improved global communication.B. Less discrimination against women.C. Acceptance of victors concepts.D. Changes in peoples social positions.(4). What is the best title for the text?A. Geniuses Think A
9、likeB. Genius Takes Many FormsC. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and Luck【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。(1).【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, andthose victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When cont
10、ributionswere made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color orbelief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才女性或不同肤色或信仰的人做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选 A。(2).【答案】D
11、【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act onthat belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children whoare “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右， 她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选 D。(3).【答案】A【解析】细节理解
12、题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant globalcommunication, were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever theyappear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里， 我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选 A。(4).【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is agenius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come
13、fromthose with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are ableto change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知 B 项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选 B。2、 When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at H
14、eathrow,London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into thecity except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless bluesky days, I felt at aloss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of Britishskateboarding,
15、 where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language.And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant dont worry about it.Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto t
16、he stones,damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe.A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud,shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And thats what matteredlanding tricks, being a goodskater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washingt
17、on. I tried skateboarding there, butthe locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, Id given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there. Ive traveled back several times since, most recently this pastspring. The day was cold
18、but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch theskaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found myway to the beam. Then a railthin teenager, in a baggy white Tshirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. Butsoon I ca
19、ught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him.Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”(1). What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather ther
20、e.D. He had disagreements with his family.(2). What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Dont worry!(3). Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned toLondon?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To
21、 learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood days(4). What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for childrens health.C. Children need a sense of belongingD. Seeing the world is a must for children.【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历
22、，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。(1).【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into thecity except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue -sky days, I felt at aloss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，
23、没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选 A。(2).【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And thats what matteredlanding tricks,being a good skater. (那才是真正重要的滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的 Safe 是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选 B。(3).【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“I was a local here 20 years ago
24、, I told him.Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”(我告诉他：“我 20 年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank 这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选 D。(4).【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友， 几年之后就不再玩滑板， 作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招
25、呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选 C。3、 Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomedthe arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived onJanuary 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officialsat Port Ly
26、mpne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos areknown for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously were allabsolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. Shes healthy,strong and alrea
27、dy eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mumand she is doing a fantastic job. Its still a little too cold for them to go out into theopen, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will beout and about exploring and playing every day.”The adorab
28、le female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve,but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned toprotected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived onJanuary 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. H
29、is mother,grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population hasdropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.(1).Which of the following best describes the breeding p
30、rogramme?A. Costly.B. Controversial.C. Ambitious.D. Successful.(2). What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?A. She loves staying with her mother.B. She dislikes outdoor activities.C. She is in good conditionD. She is sensitive to heat.(3). What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?A.
31、 They had their first born in January.B. They enjoyed exploring new placesC. They lived with their grandmothers.D. They were brought to the reserve young(4). What can be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve?A. The rhino section will be open to the public.B. It aims to control the number of the animals
32、.C. It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.D. Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在 Port Lympne 保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。(1).【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“she became the 40th black rhino to be bornat the reserve (她成为该保护区出生的第 40 头黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“Hismother, grandmo
33、ther and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still livethere. (他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里)”可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，这计划是成功的。故选 D 项。(2).【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Shes healthy, strong and already eager toplay and explore. (她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选 C 项。(3).【答案】A【解析
34、】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tinv creature arrived on January31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. (1 月 31 日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时， 她成为了第 40 头在保护区出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-timemother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. (1 月 5 日，犀牛
35、妈妈 Kisima 分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在 Port Lympne，体重约为 32 公斤)”可知，Solio和 Kisima 的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选 A 项。(4).【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“it is too early to tell if the calves willmake good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild (要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早)”可推知，Pon Lympne 保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护
36、区。故选 D 项。4、A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was theidea of Charlie Waite, one of todays most respected landscape photographers. Eachyear, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platformto showcase the very best photography of the British
37、 landscape. Take a view is adesirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK andbeyond.MikeShepherd(2011)Skiddaw inWinterCumbria,EnglandIt was an extremely cold winters evening andfreezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of asmall rise and realised that the mist was
38、 little morethan a few feet deep, and though it was only a shortclimb, I found myself completely above it andlooking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw withthe sum setting in the west. I used classicaltechniques, translated from my college days spent inthe darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the
39、blackandwhite image（图像）.TimothySmith(2014)MacclesfieldForestCheshire,EnglandI was back in my home town of Macclesfield totake some winter images. Walking up a path throughthe forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, Icame across a small clearing and immediately noticedthe dead yellow grasses
40、 set against the fresh snow.The small pine added to the interest and I placed itcentrally to take the view from the foreground rightthrough into the forest.(1).Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A. Writers.B. Photographers.C. Painters.D. Tourists.(2). What do the works by Shepherd and Smi
41、th have in common?A. They are winter images.B. They are in black and white.C. They show mountainous scenes.D. They focus on snowcovered forests.(3). Where can the text be found?A. In a history book.B. In a novel.C. In an art magazine.D. In a biography.【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛 Take a view 以及获奖的相关情况。(1
42、).【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Photographerof the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of todays most respectedlandscape photographers.”（Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是 Charlie Waite 的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加 Take aview。故选 B。(2).【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据 Mike Shepherd 部分“It was a
43、n extremely cold wintersevening and freezing fog hung in the air.”（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和 Timothy Smith 部分“I was back in my home town ofMacclesfield to take some winter images.” （我回到我的家乡 Macclesfield 拍摄一些冬季的照片） 可知 Shepherd 和Smith 的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选 A。(3).【答案】C【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第一段“Each year, the
44、 high standard of entries has shownthat the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography ofthe British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition forphotographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a v
45、iew 是一项令人向往的年度竞赛）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛 Take a view 以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选 C。5、If you asked my 12-year-old daughter, the magical age would be 13the agewhen youre officially a teenager and can no longer be considered a “child”. If youasked my 15-year-old niece, the age would be 16thats
46、 when she will be able todrive a car and get an after-school job. According to the US government, a childofficially becomes an adult when he / she turns 18.Thats when they can vote andstart paying taxes. But interestingly, even though an 18-year-old can go to war, thegovernment does not consider tha
47、t person old enough to drink alcohol. Still, even akid who can go to war and buy a beer is not old enough to rent a car; for most carrental companies, the minimum age for rental is 25.In studying scans of the adolescent brain, neurologists have learned that whenkids are around the age of 18, their p
48、refrontal cortex (前额皮质) is only halfwaydeveloped. This is the area of the brain that helps control and emotions, solveproblems and organize behavior. Thats not to say that kids in their late teens andearly 20s cant take on these tasks, but it does mean that its harder for them todoat least until aro
49、und age 25 or so when this area of the brain fully develops.Based on these findings, neurological experts have taken it a step further andthey say that the path to adulthood is more of a gradual process and less of ahard-and-fast transition (过渡) from childhood to adulthood. They believe that mostpeo
50、ple dont truly become adults until theyre in their 30s.For the average teen growing up in a supportive family, these findings are notreally a big deal. Moms and dads will continue to back up their college-aged kids ifthey get themselves in a mess. But this information sheds new light on the way kids
