1、Unit 4-Space exploration单元综合能力测评卷单元综合能力测评卷时间：100 分钟满分：120 分第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIt seems we cant get off the planet fast enough. Two thirds of NASAs money isspent on manned space exploration, and that number will grow with the USAsdeci
2、sion to send a man to Mars in 2037. Weve seen all there is to see on Earth, right?Wrong. The final place is here, under the surface of the sea.Heading down into the ocean, human limits are quickly reached. At 200 metres,the water is as black as a moonless night. Most nuclear submarines (核潜艇) wouldim
3、plode (内爆) before they reach 1 km down. At 3 kmstill less than the averagedepth of the oceantheres a good chance that youll discover a new species. Thedeepestdiving whales go no further. At the very bottom, about 11 km down, lies theChallenger Deep, the deepest part of the Mariana Trench in the Paci
4、fic Ocean.Eighteen humans have walked on the Moon, but only three have seen the Deep withtheir own eyes.Yet things live down there. Big things. A very loud sound was once heard andscientists suggested that it was produced by an animal bigger than a blue whale, thelargest creature known on the planet
5、.In the late 1990s, deepwater submarine was dropped in the Southern Ocean, andpassing 4,000 metres, it discovered something huge passing under it. Surprised? Dontbe. The ocean covers 70% of the planets surface and weve studied less than 5% of it.We know more about the dark side of the Moon than abou
6、t the bottom of the sea.One reason that we explore space is to find evidence of other life forms. Thesearch for life outside of Earth is important, but robots can look under the dry rocks ofMars better than humans. Theyre absolutely important for doing ocean research too,but they cant look under the
7、 sea. The cost of exploration is rising, but the resultswould benefit all our lives. Understanding the oceans will help us find new sources offood, drugs and energy.Perhaps now its time to begin a new period of sea exploration. Mannedexploration of space is science fiction (科幻小说). The adventure of t
8、he deep sea isscience fact.1What do we know about the Challenger Deep?ABlue whales live there.BNo one has ever been there.CPeople are terrified by the sight of it.DIt is the deepest known location on Earth.2Why do we need to explore the sea?ASea exploration is cheaper than ever before.BWe have explo
9、red less than 5% of the sea.CIt will help improve our future life.DIt will benefit space exploration.3What does the author think of the discovery in the Southern Ocean?AIts surprising.BIts no wonder.CIts worrying.DIts no success.4What does the author want to tell us?ASpace exploration is of little v
10、alue.BWe spend too much money on space travel.CHumans success lies in how much they explore the sea.DThe ocean is the place where we should make our efforts.BWhat are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learnsomething new? You may put_them_on_hold. Theres a chance that, sooner
11、 or later,you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars.On Thursday, National Geographic will show the firstever Mars show home,giving earthlings (地球人) an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet.In the notsodistant year of 2037, the iglooshaped structure cou
12、ld be the home ofyour future.It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft (航天器) parts and Martian soil,called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home arerecognizablea kitchen, a bedroombut there are fundamental differences that areimportant to human survival.As th
13、e Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earths,people will need permanent (永久的) shelter from the sun; society will move largelyindoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houseswont have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natu
14、ral lightthat has been bent several times.Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick to protect people from dangerous rays(光线) that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double airlocked entrance to keepthe home under proper pressure.“We dont think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but
15、on Mars yourhouse will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How Well Live onMars. This is not just the stuff of scifi. “10 to 20 years from now there will certainlybe people on Mars，” Petranek says.“Weve had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haventhad the
16、will，” Petranek says. But two main factors have “completely swung publicattitudes”The private companies participation has forced government agencies to speed uptheir game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caughtsocietys eye.5What do the underlined words “put them on hold” i
17、n Paragraph 1 probablymean?APut them off.BGive them away.CCarry them through.DTake them seriously.6What can we know about the show home from the text?AIt has no windows or doors due to security concern.BIts design presents the idea of environmental protection.CIt has thick walls keeping the home und
18、er proper pressure.DIts underground passages connect all the buildings together.7According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people toMars?AThe great influence of the Mars show home.BThe development of related technology.CThe competition from private companies.DThe popularity of i
19、nfluential books on Mars.8What is the best title for the text?ALiving on Mars: Possible or NotBSending People to Mars: Yes or NoCFirstever Show Home: How Is It MadeDFuture Home on Mars: What Will It Be LikeCSatellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.For example ， theinformation for weath
20、er forecasts is sent by satellites.Some satellites have cameraswhich take photographs of the earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are alsoused to connect our international phone calls.Computer connectionsof the World Wide WebandInternetalsousesatellites.Many of our TV programs come to us t
21、hrough satellites.Airplane pilots alsosometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world toanother.They are usually 35,880 kilometers above the equator.Sometimes we can see asatellite in the sky and it seems to st
22、ay in the same place.This is because it is movingaround the world at 11,000 kilometers an hourexactly the same speed as the earthrotates (旋转) at.A satellite must orbit the earth with its antennae (天线) facing theearth.Sometimes，it moves away from its orbit.So there are little rockets on it whichare u
23、sed to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about everyfive or six days.Space is not empty！Every week，more and more satellites are sent into space toorbit the earth.A satellite usually works for about 1012 years.Satellites which arebroken are sometimes repaired by astron
24、auts or sometimes brought back to the earthto be repaired.Often， very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the earth fora very long time.This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power andthey can crash into each other.9Whats the speed the earth rotates at?A35,880 kilom
25、eters per hour.B335,880 kilometers per hour.C11,000 kilometers per hour.D110,000 kilometers per hour.10Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage?ASending information for weather forecasts.BTaking photographs of the earth.CSending TV pictures.DProviding food for airpla
26、ne pilots.11Which is true of satellites?AAsatellite usually works for about 1012 years.BEvery time a satellite gets broken，it is brought back to the earth to berepaired.CAbroken satellite is never left in space.DThey often crash into each other.12What does the underlined word “This” in the 3rd parag
27、raph refer to?AAsatellite.BAlittle rocket.CAsatellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky.DThe satellite puts the rockets in the right position.DThe Central Park SummerStage hosts dance and music events throughout thesummer. Many of them are free, while others require tickets.The SummerStage
28、is in the open air, located at Rumsey Playfield.Entrance to the SummerStage area begins 90 minutes before the shows start onweekends, and 60 minutes before weeknight performances.Things to bring to the Central Park SummerStageWaterBlanketsPicnic dinnerSunblock/Sunhats for daytime showsThings not to
29、bring to the Central Park SummerStageCamerasGlass bottlesChairsSkateboardsBikesGood to know about the Central Park SummerStageThere are no tickets for free events, but space is limited and available on a“firstcome, firstserved” basis. Sometimes, lines form over an hour before the gatesopen.There is
30、a special area where people can spread out blankets and sit during theshow.If youre attending a show during the daytime, keep in mind that there is littleshade (阴凉处), so sunblock and sunhats are necessary. Also, drink plenty of water toavoid getting dehydrated (脱水的)Food is allowed. And you can order
31、 everything from the Park Shop. Butremember to take away your rubbish, otherwise youll be fined.If you want to get into events more easily, pay for SummerStage Membership(会员资格) which offers members the fasttrack entrance to shows and seats on thebleachers (露天看台)If youre not into crowds and are satis
32、fied with just hearing the music, there isplenty of space on the grass outside of the Central Park SummerStage area.For more information, follow SummerS on Facebook.13 If a show begins at 8： 00 p m. on Sunday, people start to enter at _.A6：00 pm.B6：30 pm.C7：00 pm.D7：30 pm.14With SummerStage Membersh
33、ip, you _.Awill get free food from the Park ShopBdont have to buy tickets for all eventsCcan book seats on the bleachers onlineDcan enter the area faster than nonmembers15What is the possible use of sunblock?ATo protect you from the sunlight.BTo sit on while enjoying the show.CTo help you avoid gett
34、ing dehydrated.DTo help you see clearly in the sunlight.第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We all have plans to achieve success in life, but what we are lacking is themotivation that keeps us going to put plans into action. Here are the ways that caneffectively
35、ease the problem.16Just grab a book, especially an inspirational book or a book of success stories.You can learn from others and the story will motivate you to move ahead with yourplans. It also makes you refocus your energy on your goals rather than the problems athand.Think of your purpose.17Your
36、purpose could be to improve the life of others, or help people to dothings more efficiently. Thinking of your purpose is an important way to motivateyou.Talk to a supportive friend.Talking to a supportive friend would be able to overcome the problem of lackingmotivation. Find someone that you are co
37、mfortable with and share your problemswith him.18Go through your goals daily.Prepare a list of goals that you want to achieve and go through your goals at leastonce a day.19By doing this, you refresh your mind with the goals you have setfor yourself.Do it at once.Another way is to get started with w
38、hat you need to do. _20_ But by forcingyourself to just do it, youll probably make progress little by little and withoutrealizing it, you have actually finished the task on hand.ARead a book.BSee a motivational film.CYou should have plans to achieve success.DAfter it, you will feel recharged and ree
39、nergized.EThink of why you want to achieve what you want.FSometimes you dont feel like doing what you want to do.GYou need to do this even more if you feel down and have no motivation.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。An old man lived in a nic
40、e house with a large garden. He took care of his_21_all the time, watering and fertilizing them.One day a young man went by the _22_.He looked at the beautiful flowers,imagining how happy he could be _23_he lived in such a beautiful place. Then,suddenly he found the old gardener was _24_. He was ver
41、y surprised about this andasked, “You cant see these flowers. _25_are you busy taking care of them everyday？”The old man smiled and said, “I can tell you four _26_. First, I was a gardenerwhen I was young, and I really like this job. Second, _27_I cant see these flowers,I can touch them. _28_，I can
42、smell the sweetness of them. As to the last one, thats_29_.”“Me? But you dont know me，” said the young man.“Yeah, its_30_ that I dont know you. But I know that flowers are angelsthat everybody _31_. We enjoy the happiness these flowers have brought us.”The blind mans work opened our eyes, and _32_ o
43、ur hearts, which also madehis life _33_. It was just like Beethoven, who became deaf in his later life andwrote many great musical works. Beethoven himself couldnt_34_ his wonderfulmusic, but his music has _35_ millions of people to face their difficulties bravely.Isnt it one kind of happiness?21A.f
44、lowersBtreesCvegetablesDgrass22A.balconyBkitchenCgardenDstudy23A.afterBasCbeforeDif24A.blindBfamousCsmartDfriendly25A.WhatBWhoCWhyDWhich26A.storiesBreasonsCexcusesDconclusions27A.althoughBsinceCbecauseDunless28A.FirstBSecondCThirdDFourth29A.meByouCmy motherDmy son30A.trueBhardCcoolDfair31A.greetsBdo
45、ubtsCmeetsDknows32A.brokeBhurtCpleasedDtreated33A.emptierBbusierCluckierDhappier34A.writeBhearCplayDbelieve35A.changedBaffectedCdiscoveredDencouraged第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Worldfamous physicist Stephen Hawking has died at the age of 76. He died36._ (peaceful)
46、 at his home in Cambridge in the early 37._(hour) of Wednesday.Hawking was known 38._ the public for his work with black holesand relativity，and wrote several popular science books including A Brief History ofTime.At the age of 22， Prof.Hawking 39._ (give) only a few years to liveafter doctors decla
47、red that he suffered from a rare disease.The illness left him in awheelchair and he was 40._ (able) to speak except through a voicesynthesizer (合成器)Prof.Hawking was the first 41._ (set) out a theory of cosmology( 宇 宙 学 ) explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantummechanics.H
48、e also discovered that black holes 42._ (leak) energy andfade to nothinga phenomenon that would 43._ (late) become knownas Hawking radiation. Through his work with mathematician Sir Roger Penrose, heproved that Einsteins general theory of relativity suggests space and time would havea beginning in t
49、he Big Bang and 44._ end in black holes.In a statement his children praised his “courage and persistence” and said his“brilliance and humour” inspired people across the world.They added， “He once said，It would not be much of a universe 45._ it wasnt home to the peopleyou love.We will miss him foreve
50、r.”第三部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(满分 15 分)假定你是李华，暑假作为交换生在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展，请写一封信申请做志愿者(volunteer)。内容包括：1写信目的；2个人优势；3期待答复。注意：1词数 80 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_第二节(满分 25 分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。For many years, I had a recurring (重复出现的) dream. I was a little girl again,rushing about,
