1、<p>Unit 2 Morals and Virtues一一 重点单词重点单词1 dilemma 进退两难的境地；进退两难的境地； 困境困境1. 面临左右为难的境地：面临左右为难的境地：face a dilemma2. 处于进退两难的境地处于进退两难的境地: be in dilemma3. 道德困境道德困境: a moral dilemma4. 研讨会上这位专家的缺席使我们进退两难。研讨会上这位专家的缺席使我们进退两难。The experts absence from the seminar puts us in a dilemma.5. 她进退两难，她进退两难， 不知该留在学校还
2、是找份工作。不知该留在学校还是找份工作。She was in a dilemma as to whether to stay at school or get a job.2major adj 主要的主要的 主修课程主修课程，专业专业；主修学生主修学生 vi 主修主修 -majority n 大部分大部分；大多数大多数1. 大多数大多数: the majority of2.占多数占多数: be in the majority3. When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the majority of the students in theclass we
3、re in favor of it.3complain vi/vt 抱怨；发牢骚抱怨；发牢骚- complaint n.抱怨，投诉抱怨，投诉1. 抱怨，投诉某事抱怨，投诉某事: complain to sb about sth2. We complained _to_ the travel agency about the terrible service during ourtrip.3他一直向我抱怨充满压力的生活。他一直向我抱怨充满压力的生活。He _is_ always _making a complaint to me about_ the stressful life.4respon
4、d 回答；回复回答；回复 做出回应；回应做出回应；回应-反应；回应反应；回应-反应；回答；回复反应；回答；回复1对对、 、 、做出回应、做出回应: respond to2对对、 、 、没做出回应、没做出回应: make no response to3对对、 、 、的回应、的回应: in response to4These comments came( 作为对作为对、 、 、的答复、的答复)in response to specific questionsoften asked by local newsmen5. He made no response to my question, and
5、went on with his movie.5 hirevt 聘任；雇用聘任；雇用 租用租用n 租借；租用租借；租用 fire vt开除，解雇开除，解雇1.（短期）出租某物（短期）出租某物 hire sth out2.雇用某人做某事雇用某人做某事: hire sb to do sth3. Running a company is not simply a matter of hiring peoplethey also need to betrained.6reject 拒绝接受；不录用拒绝接受；不录用 n 废品，次品废品，次品- rejection 拒绝接受；否决拒绝接受；否决1. 拒绝接
6、受某人的想法、建议、计划拒绝接受某人的想法、建议、计划:reject ones idea/suggestion/plan2. 拒绝接受一个论点、一个决定、一项提议拒绝接受一个论点、一个决定、一项提议 reject an argument/ a decision/an offer3. He was quite depressed to find his suggestion _rejected_ at the meeting.7appointed adj 指定的指定的，约定的约定的appoint vt 任命任命；委派委派-appointment 约定约定，约约会；任命。委任会；任命。委任1. 派
7、某人任某职派某人任某职 appoint sb to sth2. 任命某人（担任任命某人（担任） 、 、 、 、appoint sb as3. 派某人做某事派某人做某事 appoint sb to do sth:4. 约定时间、地点做某事约定时间、地点做某事: appoint a time /place for sth/to do sth5. 和某人约会：和某人约会：have an appointment with sb6. 预约预约: make an appointment7. 按照约定按照约定: by appointment.8retire vi/vt 退休；退职；退出退休；退职；退出-re
8、tirement 退休、退休生活退休、退休生活1. 从从、 、退休、退休: retire from2. 从从、 、 、职位退休、职位退休: retire as3. 退休教师退休教师: a retired teacher4. 退休年龄退休年龄:retirement age9scary 恐怖的恐怖的，吓人的吓人的-scare 惊吓惊吓；使害怕使害怕 vi 受惊吓受惊吓 scared 害怕的害怕的； 对对、 、 、感感到惊慌或恐惧的到惊慌或恐惧的1. 害怕做某事害怕做某事: be scared of sth/ be scared to do sth2. 恐吓某人做某事恐吓某人做某事: scare s
9、b into doing sth3. 把把、 、 、吓跑、吓跑: scare.off/away4. 恐怖一刻恐怖一刻: a scary moment5. 恐怖片恐怖片: a scary movie10sharplyadv 锋利地锋利地；敏锐地敏锐地；急剧地急剧地 sharp 急剧的急剧的；锋利的锋利的；明显的明显的 sharpen使变锋利；使提高使变锋利；使提高1. 锋利的刀锋利的刀: a sharp knife2. 锋利的牙齿锋利的牙齿: sharp teeth3. 价格急剧上涨、下跌价格急剧上涨、下跌: a sharp increase/ fall in prices4. 头脑敏锐的新闻记
10、者头脑敏锐的新闻记者: a journalist with a sharp mind5. The price of petrol is increased sharply since last month6. Ann sharpened her pencil and wrote down the instructions in her notebook.11energy n 精力，能源精力，能源 energetic 精精力充沛的；充满活力的力充沛的；充满活力的 energetically积极地；精力充沛地积极地；精力充沛地1. 保持活力；保持活力；keep energetic2. 热情支持者热
11、情支持者: an energetic supporter3. 充满活力充满活力: be full of energy4. 把精力投入到某事中把精力投入到某事中: apply/devote/put ones energy to sth5. The teenagers in our town are lively, enthusiastic and energetic12replace 接替；取代；更换接替；取代；更换-取代，代替取代，代替1. 用用 B 取代取代 A: replaceAwith B2. 被被、 、 、取代、取代; be replaced by3. 取代某人当取代某人当: repl
12、ace sb as4. The house I grew up in has been taken down and replaced by an office building.5. 老汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆代替仍然在讨论之中。老汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的宾馆代替仍然在讨论之中。It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with amodern hotel or not.13operator 操作者，经营者操作者，经营者-operate 动手术；操作；经营动手术；操作；经
13、营operation手术手术；企业；经营企业；经营1. 在运行在运行: in operation2. 使使、 、 、运转、启动、运转、启动: put sth into operation3. 投入运营投入运营: come into operation4. 给某人做手术给某人做手术: have an operation on sb5. Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover fromthe operation.14whisper 悄声说；耳语；低语悄声说；耳语；低语耳语声；低语声；传言；谣
14、传耳语声；低语声；传言；谣传1. 密谈某事：密谈某事：whisper about sth2. 对某人窃窃私语对某人窃窃私语:whisper to sb3. 有人私下说有人私下说: It is whispered that4. 低声地低声地: in a whisper5. 常见的后接双宾语的结构常见的后接双宾语的结构向某人解释向某人解释: explain sth to sb向某人宣布向某人宣布: announce sth to sb向某人介绍向某人介绍: introduce sth to sb向某人提议向某人提议: suggest sth to sb向某人报告向某人报告: report sth
15、to sb6. Mum whispered to us, “be quiet! Your little sisters sleeping.”15assist vt 帮助帮助；援助援助-assistant 助手助手；助理助理-assistance 援助援助，帮助帮助；辅助设备辅助设备1. 协助某人做某事协助某人做某事: assist sb with/in sth2. 店员店员: a shop assistant3. 在某人的帮助下在某人的帮助下: with the assistance of sb4. 给某人以援助给某人以援助: give/ offer assistance to sb5. 如果
16、你能协助我们做这项工作，它很快就能完成。如果你能协助我们做这项工作，它很快就能完成。Provided that you assist us with/in the job, it can be done quickly.16spill vt/vi (spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled) 使洒出；使溢出使洒出；使溢出1. 喷涌出来喷涌出来: spill out2. 倾诉倾诉: spill sth out3. 溢出溢出: spill over4. 涌向街头涌向街头: spill into street.17harm n/vt 伤害；损害伤害；损害-harmful 有害的，无害
17、的有害的，无害的 harmless 无害的无害的1. 对对、 、 、有害的：、有害的： do/cause harm to2. 无恶意，无意伤害无恶意，无意伤害: mean no harm/ not mean any harm3. 没有受到伤害、损害没有受到伤害、损害 come to no harm4. 对对、 、 、无害、有很大害处、无害、有很大害处: do no/ great/ much/ a lot of harm to5. 做某事无妨、无害做某事无妨、无害: there is no harm in ding sth. / It does no harm to do sth6. 不要吃太多
18、药，吃多了弊大于利。不要吃太多药，吃多了弊大于利。Dont take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if youdo.二：重点短语二：重点短语1. Carry sb through sth.帮助某人渡过难关；完成；帮助某人渡过难关；完成；1 实行；履行实行；履行: carry out2 继续继续、 、 、: carry on with/on doing sth3 运走；使失去自制力运走；使失去自制力: carry away4 使某人回忆起（某事）使某人回忆起（某事）: carry sb back to sth
19、5 The support of her mother carried Jane Goodall _through_ and shedevoted herself to the study of chimps.6 经理们讨论了他们希望看到明年实施的计划。经理们讨论了他们希望看到明年实施的计划。The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _carried_out_ the next year.2. Tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事易于做某事；往往会发生某事1 照顾照顾 照料照料: tend to
20、sb/sth2 有有、 、 、的趋势，倾向于、的趋势，倾向于、 、 、 、tend towards3 He _tends _to_（往往会）（往往会）get disappointed when failing theexam.4 Mum was always tendingto my younger sister during the night and shetended tohave less sleep.3. First aid1 （对某人）实施急救（对某人）实施急救: do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid to sb2帮某人的忙帮某人的忙:
21、 come to ones aid=come to the aid of sb3为了帮助为了帮助: in aid of4在在、 、 、 、的帮助下、的帮助下. With the aid of5帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 aid sb in doing sth6在某方面帮助某人在某方面帮助某人: aid sb with sth4. Pass away 去世（委婉说法）去世（委婉说法）1 经过经过: pass by2 转交；转给转交；转给: pass . on3 把把、 、 、传给后人、传给后人: pass down4 刚才你看到有个穿黑衣服的人经过吗？刚才你看到有个穿黑衣服的人经过吗？Did
22、you see a man in black pass by just now5. In memory of 作为对作为对、 、 、的纪念、的纪念1In+名词名词+of 类短语类短语庆祝庆祝: in celebration of赞美，歌颂赞美，歌颂: in praise of寻找寻找: in search of负责；掌管负责；掌管: in charge of支持支持: in support of支持；赞同支持；赞同: in favour of拥有拥有: in possession of需要需要: in need of代替代替: in place of就就、 、 、而言、而言: in terms
23、 of纪念纪念: in honor of 2 The library was built _in memory of_ the scientist who had madesignificant contributions to society,6. In tears 留着泪留着泪1突然大哭起来：突然大哭起来： burst into tears=burst out crying2眼里充满泪水眼里充满泪水: be filled with tears3使某人流泪、沉默使某人流泪、沉默: reduced sb to tears/silence4把某人感动的流泪把某人感动的流泪: moved sb t
24、o tears5几乎落泪几乎落泪: be close to tears6忍住泪水忍住泪水: hold back ones tears7.Agreat deal of 大量大量1学习了很多学习了很多: learn a great of.2对某人了解很多；对某人了解很多；know a great dealabout sb3感觉好多了感觉好多了: feel a great deal better4意义重大意义重大: mean a great deal5 A great deal of work _has been done_ (do ) to improve our livingenvironmen
25、t so far.三：重点句式三：重点句式1. Not only.but also.教材原句教材原句( 1 )When you listen. you should pay attention not only to the words but also to howthe speaker is talking.当你听得时候，你不仅要注意语句，而且要注意说话人是怎么说话的。当你听得时候，你不仅要注意语句，而且要注意说话人是怎么说话的。（2）Not only I but also he attaches the importance of recycling garbage.不仅我而且他也认为循
26、环利用垃圾很重要。不仅我而且他也认为循环利用垃圾很重要。她不仅为老人提供了食宿，而且为他买了单程票。她不仅为老人提供了食宿，而且为他买了单程票。（3）Not only had she provided, but also the old man with accommodations, _she had bought a single for him.2.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在事实相反的虚拟语气(1) Think about what you would do if you were ever faced with the same situation asthe girl.想想如果你
27、遭遇和那个女孩同样的情况，你会怎么做？想想如果你遭遇和那个女孩同样的情况，你会怎么做？(2). If Newton _lived_ today, he would be surprised by what has been discovered inscience and technology.如果牛顿生活在现在，他会吃惊于科技领域的发现。如果牛顿生活在现在，他会吃惊于科技领域的发现。3. 否定词否定词+比较级比较级+than、 、 、没有、没有、 、 、比、比、 、 、 、更加、更加、 、 、（1） 对一个人来说，对一个人来说， 没有比生命更珍贵没有比生命更珍贵、 、 、To a perso
28、n, nothing is more precious than their life.2 我认为没什么比读书更令人愉快的。我认为没什么比读书更令人愉快的。I think nothing is more pleasant than reading.4. 独立结构独立结构教材原句教材原句（1） 过了一会，一群女人走了过来，每个人头顶上顶着一罐水。过了一会，一群女人走了过来，每个人头顶上顶着一罐水。After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on herhead.句式仿写句式仿写（2） 一天，一天， 我和我的两个兄弟从岛上归来，船上载满了鱼。我和我的两个兄弟从岛上归来，船上载满了鱼。One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands, our boat full offish.</p>
