1、<p>Unit 4 Space explorationSection B Discovering Useful Structures教学设计教学设计科目科目：英语 课题课题：Section B Discovering Useful Structures 课时课时：1课时教学目标教学目标与核心素养与核心素养：知识目标：identify and analyse the usage of infinitives as adverbials and attributes能力目标：master the usage of infinitives as adverbials and attrib
2、utes through self-study and practice.情感目标：use infinitives to describe space facts and efforts to explore space教学教学重难点重难点教学重点：1. Help students identify the uses of infinitives as adverbials and attributes2. Lead students to use infinitives to describe space facts and efforts to explore space3. Design
3、 specific situations for students to make use of infinitives as adverbials and attributes教学难点：How to use infinitives as adverbials and attributes in real situations课前课前准备准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔教学教学过程过程：一、Pre-class1. Greeting2. Leading-in教师活动：在课件上展示以下两句话，并引导学生思考这两句话的含义。Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the b
4、asis of mans desire to understand.NeilArmstrongTo succeed, you must accept all the challenges, cant just accept the ones you like.Mike Gaffka活动目的：通过两句名言导入课堂，先让学生领悟两句话的内涵，然后引导学生观察发现句子中的不定式，思考其功能和含义，引出本单元的主体语法结构。二、 While-class学生活动：1.学生两人一组观察和讨论活动 1 中的五个句子，尝试说出每个句子中动词不定式的功能和意义。 若学生对句子成分并不熟悉， 教师可根据每个句子的
5、意思将动词不定式转换为从句，让学生通过对比了解它们所充当的句子成分。例如：原句：I trained for a long time to fly airplanes a fighter pilot.As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space.First of all，you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.Some scientists were determined to help h
6、umans realise the dream to explore space.On 12April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.从句：infinitives as adverbials to express purposes：I trained for a long time in order that I could fly airplanes a fighter pilot.As we all know，an astronaut needs to be healthy a
7、nd calm in order that he/she can work in space.infinitive as the adverbial to show the result：First of all，you must be intelligent enough so that you could get a related college degree.infinitives as attributes to modify sth.：Some scientists were determined to help humans realise the dream which was
8、 to explore space.On 12April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world who went into space.总结 1：infinitives as attributes to modify sth.不定式（to do）的功能和意义：可作状语，表目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that引导的状语从句；为强调目的，可用 in order to/so as to 。可作定语，起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句。2.学生得出动词不定式可作定语和作状语的结论后，教师可让他们从单元
9、中找出更多类似的句子，也可提供更多的例句帮助学生归纳这两种用法的特点。People have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers.(adverbial)They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.(attribute;adverbial)They also really wish to discover other planets
10、 that are suitable enough to support life. (adverbial)Americas NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space.(adverbial)These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe neverdied. (attribute)China became the third country in th
11、e world to independently send humans into space in 2003.(attribute)Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk,followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. (adverbial)After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab int
12、o space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it.(adverbial)This signalled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future. (attribute)More recently, China has sent Change 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to makemeasurements and observations. (adverbial)Europe, t
13、he US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars andJupiter. (attribute)不定式作状语表目的： work hard to find answers carry brave people into space to find out the secrets launched Voyager 1 to study deep space sent Change 4 to explore the surface launched Tianzhou 1 to dock wit
14、h it. being sent to the moon to study its surface be healthy and calm in order to work in space.sent Change 4 to explore the surface不定式作状语表结果： are suitable enough to support life. be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.总结 2：不定式作状语：可以表示目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that 引导的状语从句；常用结构：in
15、order to/so as to（表目的）be+adj.+ enough to do（表结果）不定式作定语起修饰作用： vehicles to carry brave people into space the desire to explore the universe never died. Chinas plan to establish a space station plans to study and explore planets their dream to explore space the third country to send humans into space t
16、he first person to go into space.总结 3：不定式作定语：起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句；可修饰名词、数词、代词等，常置于被修饰词后；多表示将来的动作；后接不定式作定语的名词有：desire，dream，plan，goal 等。拓展：It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity.总结 4：不定式作状语：可以表示原因，可根据其在语境中的意义，转化为相应的状语从句。常用结构：be+ proud/pleased/.+to do（表原因）3.根据所学语法完成活动 2。Mankind ha
17、s always been curious about the universe and many people have dreamt that one daythey would fly into space. many people have the dream to fly into space one day.Astronautsbones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, so they needto exercise every day, which will help them
18、stay healthy. so they need to exercise every day to/in order to/so as to stay healthy.Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everythingwould float off otherwise.while working in space to/in order to/so as to keep everything from floating off.During a spac
19、ewalk, astronauts have to move slowly so that they can keep their bodies undercontrol. move slowly to/in order to/so as to keep their bodies under control.三、After-class完成活动 3，在小组内讨论结果。Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal _(achieve). One of the problems
20、is that the trip would take a very long time. For example,_ (use) the current technology, it would take over two years _ (get) to theclosest planet, Mars, and back.Although light is the fastest thing _(know) in theuniverse, it could take more than four years to reach the nearest star system. Will sc
21、ientists figureout a way _(store) sufficient food and water for the long journey? Is it possible to travelfaster than light? No one knows the answers yet. However, space scientists never give up. Theyare experimenting with growing crops in space so as _(help) astronauts get enough foodon longer journeys through space.答案：to achieve; using; to get; known; to store; to help四、Summary不定式（to do）的功能和意义：可作状语，表目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that引导的状语从句；为强调目的，可用 in order to/so as to 。可作定语，起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句。作业布置：复习本课所学语法。</p>
