1、Unit 1Growing UPPart TextA Writingfor MyselfWhenwearewritingweareoftentold tokeepourreadersin mind,to shapewhatwesayto fittheirtastesand interests.Butthereisone readerin particularwhoshouldnot beforgotten.Canyouguesswho RussellBakersurprisedhimselfand everyoneelsewhenhediscoveredthe answer.我们写作时常常被告
2、诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。但有一位读者特别不该忘记。你能猜出是谁吗当拉塞尔 贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。Writing forMyselfRussellBaker1The idea of becoming a writer had cometo meoff and onsince my childhood in Belleville, but itwasnt until mythird year in high schoolthat thepossibilitytook hold.Until then Ivebeenbored by ev
3、erythingassociatedwith English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult.Ihated theassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifeless paragraphs that wereagony forteachers toread and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔 贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛
4、恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。2When ourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerless yearin that mosttediousof subjects. Mr. Fleagle had areputationamong students fordullness andinabilitytoinspire.He was said to be veryformal ,rigidandhopelesslyout ofdate .To me helookedto
5、besixtyorseventyandexcessivelyprim .He woreprimlysevereeyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. Hewore prim suits withnecktiessetprimlyagainstthecollarbuttonsofhiswhiteshirts.He had a primlypointedjaw,a primlystraight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gen
6、tlemanly, that he seemeda comic antique .弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，领带端端正正地顶着白衬衣的领扣。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。3Ipreparedforan unfruitfulyearwithMr.Fleagleand fora
7、 longtimewas notdisappointed.Lateintheyearwe tackledtheinformalessay.Mr.Fleagledistributedahomework sheetofferingus a choiceoftopics.None was quiteso simple-mindedas What IDidon My SummerVacation, but most seemedto be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until thenightbeforetheessayw
8、as due.Lyingon thesofa,Ifinallyfacedup totheunwelcome task,took the list out of mynotebook, andscanned it. The topic on which my eyestopped was The Artof EatingSpaghetti .我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。像暑假二三事 那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。我把作文题带回家，一直
9、没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。我的目光落在吃意大利细面条的艺术 这个题目上。4Thistitleproducedan extraordinarysequenceofmentalimages.Vividmemories came floodingback of a night in Belleville when all of us wereseated around the supper table Uncle Allen,my mother,UncleCharlie,Doris,UncleHalandAuntP
10、atservedspaghettiforsupper.Spaghettiwas stilla littleknown foreigndishinthosedays.NeitherDorisnorIhad evereatenspaghetti,and none oftheadultshad enough experiencetobe good atit.Allthegoodhumor of Uncle Allens house reawoke in mymind as Irecalledthe laughingarguments we had thatnight about the social
11、lyrespectablemethod for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁 艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅 帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没有一个吃起来得心应手的。艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。5Suddenly I wanted
12、to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted toput it downsimply for myown joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted torecaptureand hold for myself.I wanted torelivethe pleasure of that evening. To write it as Iwanted,however,wouldviolatealltherulesofformalcomp
13、ositionIdlearnedinschool,andMr.Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Nevermind. I would write something elsefor Mr.Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.突然我就想描述那一切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想自得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。那是我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则，弗利格尔先生也
14、肯定会打它一个不及格。没关系。等我为自己写好了之后，我可以再为弗利格尔先生写点什么别的东西。6When Ifinisheditthenightwas halfgone and therewas no timelefttocompose a proper,respectable essayfor Mr. Fleagle. There was no choicenext morning but toturn inmytale oftheBellevillesupper.Two dayspassed beforeMr.Fleaglereturnedthegradedpapers,and heretu
15、rnedeveryonesbutmine.Iwas preparingmyselffora command toreporttoMr.Fleagleimmediately afterschool fordisciplinewhen I saw him lift mypaper from his desk and knock forthe classs attention.等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文，他把别人的都发了，就是没有我的。我正准
16、备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文，敲了敲桌子让大家注意听。7Now,boys,hesaid.Iwanttoreadyouanessay.Thisistitled,TheArtofEatingSpaghetti.好了，孩子们， 他说。 我要给你们念一篇小品文。文章的题目是：吃意大利细面条的艺术。8And he started to read. My words! He was reading mywords out loud to the entire class.Whatsmore,theentireclasswas listening.Listeningat
17、tentively.Then somebody laughed,thentheentireclasswas laughing,and notincontemptand ridicule,butwithopen-heartedenjoyment.Even Mr. Fleaglestopped two or three times tohold backa small prim smile.于是他开始念了。是我写的！他给全班大声念我写的文章。更不可思议的是，全班同学都在听着他念，而且听得很专心。有人笑出声来，接着全班都笑了，不是轻蔑嘲弄，而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑。就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次，好抑制
18、他那一丝拘谨的微笑。9Ididmy besttoavoidshowingpleasure,butwhatIwas feelingwas puredelightatthisdemonstrationthatmy words had the power to makepeople laugh.In the eleventhgrade, attheeleventhhouras itwere,I haddiscovereda calling. It wasthe happiest momentof my entireschoolcareer . When Mr. Fleagle finished he
19、 put the finalseal on my happiness bysaying, Nowthat, boys, is an essay,dont you see.Its dont you see its of the veryessence of theessay, dont you see.Congratulations,Mr. Baker.我尽力不流露出得意的心情，但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是心花怒放。就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我找到了一个今生想做的事。这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的一刻。弗利格尔先生念完后说道：瞧，孩子们，这就是小品文，懂了没有。这才是 知道吗
20、这才是小品文的精髓，知道了没有。祝贺你，贝克先生。 他这番话使我沉浸在十全十美的幸福之中。Part Text B Summer ReadingAsa summerjobtheauthor usedto cutMr. Ballouslawn. Theonlyproblemwasthat Mr.Ballouneverseemedto haveanymoneyto payfor it. Butwhathedidhavetogivewassomethingthatturnedout tobefarmorevaluable.夏天打工时，作者常常替巴卢先生修剪草坪。惟一的问题是，巴卢先生似乎从来没钱支付工
21、钱。然而，他实际上所给予的却远比工钱珍贵。Summer ReadingMichaelDorris1When I was fourteen, I earned moneyin the summer by cutting lawns, and within a few weeksI hadbuilt up a body of customers. I got to know people by the flowers they planted that Ihad toremember nottocutdown,bythethingstheylostinthegrassorstuckinthegro
22、undonpurpose . Ireached the point with most of them when I knewin advancewhat complaint was aboutto bespoken, which particular request was most important.(1) And I learned something aboutthe measure of my neighbors by their preferred method of payment: by the job, by the monthor not at all.夏日阅读迈克尔 多
23、里斯十四岁那年，我在暑假里替人修剪草坪挣些钱，不出几个星期，我就有了不少客户。客户们种植的花卉我得记住不能剪去，他们会将东西遗落在草地上或故意插在地里，通过这 些 我 逐 渐认识了他们。我对大多数客户了解至深，事先就能知道他们会抱怨些什么，哪些特别的要求不能掉以轻心。(1) 而且，我从邻居偏爱的付款方式中了解到了一点他们的情况：有的按干的活儿给钱，有的按月支付 或者有的压根儿不付钱。2Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason why. On one day he had nochangefor a fi
24、fty, on another hewas flat out of checks,on another, he was simply out when Iknocked on his door.Still, except for the moneypart, he was a nice enough old guy, alwayswavingortippinghishatwhen hedseeme fromadistance.Ifiguredhimfora thinretirement check,maybe a work-related injury that kept him from d
25、oing his own yard work. Sure,I kepttrack of the total, but I didnt worry about the amount too much. (2) Grass was grass,and the little that Mr. Ballous propertycomprised didnt take long to trim.巴卢先生属于最后一类，而且他总有理由。有一天他兑不开一张五十元的钞票，又有一天他支票用完了，还有一天我上门时他干脆就溜出去了。撇开钱这档子事，他倒也还是个挺不错的老头，每次看见我，老远就挥手或脱帽致意。我猜他退休
26、金不多，可能出过工伤，整不了自己的园子。没错，我全都记着账，可我对这点钱并没太在意。(2) 也就是剪剪草，何况巴卢先生住宅外面的那一点草坪修剪起来花不了多少时间。3Then, one late afternoon in mid-July,the hottest time of the year, Iwas walking by his houseand he opened the door,motioned me to come inside.The hall was cool, shaded, and it took myeyesa minute toadjustto the dim lig
27、ht.到了一年中最热的七月中旬，一天傍晚前，我走过他家，他开了门，示意我进去。门厅里凉凉的，帘子遮去了阳光，过了一会儿我的眼睛才适应室内的暗淡光线。4Iowe you, Mr. Ballou began, but我欠你工钱， 巴卢先生开口道， 不过5I thought Id save him the trouble ofthinking upa new excuse. No problem. Dont worry aboutit.我想省得他费神找新的借口了，就说: 没事。别放在心上。6The bank made a mistake in my account, he continued, ig
28、noring my words. It will be cleared upin a day or two. Butin the meantimeI thought perhaps you could choose one or two volumes fora down payment.银行把我的账弄错了，他没理我的碴儿，接着说，一两天里就会改过来。在这当儿，我想你不妨挑一两本书作为我的首付款。7He gestured toward the walls and Isaw that books were stacked everywhere. It was like a library,exc
29、ept with no order to the arrangement.他朝墙那边指了指，我这才发现到处都堆着书。就跟图书馆一样，只不过没有分门别类罢了。8Take your time, Mr. Ballou encouraged. Read, borrow, keep. Find something you like. What doyou read别着急， 巴卢先生鼓动说，读也好，借也好，留着也行。找你喜欢的。你平常都爱读什么书啊9Idont know. And I didnt. Igenerallyread what was in front of me,what I could ge
30、t fromthepaperbackstackatthedrugstore,whatIfoundatthelibrary,magazines,thebackofcereal boxes,comics . The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me,but,I realized, not withoutappeal so Istarted to look through the piles of books.我不知道。 我的确不知道。我通常是弄到什么就读什么，从药房里买到的平装书，图书馆里借得到的书、杂志，到
31、麦片包装盒背面的说明，还有连环漫画，什么都看。有意识地找出一本特别的书来读对我是件新鲜事，不过我觉得这主意挺不错 于是我开始在书堆中翻找起来。10You actually read all of these这么多书你都读过啊11Thisisntmuch,Mr.Ballousaid.Thisisnothing,justwhatIvekept,theones worthlooking at a second time.这不算多， 巴卢先生说， 这根本不算多，只不过是我自己的藏书，都是值得再读一遍的。12Pickfor me,then.那就替我找一本吧。13He raisedhiseyebrows,
32、cockedhishead,and regardedme asthoughmeasuringme fora suit.After a moment, he nodded, searched through a stack, and handed mea dark red hardbound book,fairlythick.他眉一抬，头一侧，望着我，就像是在给我量体裁衣似的。过了片刻，他略一点头，便在一堆书中搜寻，然后递给我一本暗红色封面的精装本，挺厚的。14TheLastof theJust, I read. ByAndre Schwarz-Bart. Whats it about最后的正义
33、 ，我念道， 安德烈 施瓦兹巴特着。是讲什么的15You tell me, he said. Next week.你来告诉我， 他说， 下个星期。 16Istartedaftersupper,sittingoutdoorson an uncomfortablekitchenchair.(3)Withina fewpages,theyard,thesummer, disappeared,and Iwas plungedintotheachingtragedyoftheHolocaust ,theextraordinaryclashofgood,representedbyonedecentman,
34、andevil .TranslatedfromFrench,thelanguagewas elegant,simple,impossibletoresist.When theevening light finally failed I moved inside, read all through the night.晚饭后我坐在室外一张不舒服的餐椅里打开了书。(3) 读了几页，院子就消失了，夏夜也消失了；我一下子就进入了二战期间纳粹对犹太人的大屠杀这一令人悲痛的惨剧中，进入了以一个正派人物为代表的善与恶之间非同寻常的冲突中。书译自法文，译文优美朴素，令人不忍释手。天色终于暗了下来，我回到室内，
35、读了一个通宵。17To this day, thirty yearslater,I vividly remember the experience.It was my firstvoluntaryencounterwithworldliterature,and Iwas stunnedby theconcentratedpower a novelcouldcontain.Ilackedthevocabulary,however,totranslatemy feelingsintowords,so thenextweek, when Mr.Ballou asked, Well I only re
36、plied, It was good.时至三十年后的今天，我仍清晰地记得当时的经历。那是我初次有心地接触世界文学，我被一部小说所能包含的集聚的力量深深震撼。但我缺乏足够的词汇表达我的情感，因此，第二个星期，当巴卢先生问我怎么样 时，我只回答说： 书真好。 18Keep it, then, he said. Shall I suggest another那就留着吧， 他说， 要不要我再介绍一本19Inodded, and was presented with the paperback edition of Margaret MeadsComingofAgeinSamoa.我点点头，拿到了一本平
37、装本的玛格丽特 米德的萨摩亚人的成年。20To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou neverpaid me a cent for cutting his grass that yearorthenext,butforfifteenyearsItaughtanthropologyatDartmouthCollege.(4)Summerreadingwas nottheinnocententertainmentIhadassumedittobe,nota light-hearted,instantly forgettable escape in a h
38、ammock (though Ihave since enjoyed manyof those, too).Abook, if it arrives before you at the right moment, in the proper season, at an interval inthe daily business of things, will change the course of all that follows.长话短说，无论当年还是次年，巴卢先生分文未付我替他割草的工钱，但我在达特默思大学教了十五年的人类学。 (4)盛夏阅读不是我原先认为的仅仅借以消磨时光的娱乐，不是躺
39、在吊床上无忧无虑、打开书本就什么都忘掉的一种消遣（虽然自从那个夏天以来我曾多次以这种方式自娱自乐）。一本书，如果在恰当的时候，恰当的季节，在日常事务的间歇中出现在你的面前，就会改变你此后的人生道路。Unit 2FriendshipPart Text A Aall The CabbieHad Was A LetterHowdo youfeelwhenoldfriendsarefarawayDoyoumakeanefforttokeepintouch Sometimesitiseasytoput offwritingaletter,thinking thattherewillbeplentyof
40、timetomorrow.Butthensometimes,asthisstoryshows,weleaveittoo late. Perhapsreadingit willmakeyouwanttoreachforyourpen.老朋友天各一方，你心有何感你是否努力保持联系有时候写信的事很容易会一拖再拖，总以为明天有的是时间。然而，正如这则故事所表明的，有时我们拖得太晚了。也许读一读这个故事会让你提起笔来。AlltheCabbie HadWasa LetterFosterFurcolo1He musthavebeen completelylostinsomethinghe was readi
41、ngbecauseIhad totapon thewindshieldto get his attention.出租车司机拥有的就剩一封信福斯特 弗克洛他准是完全沉浸在所读的东西里了，因为我不得不敲挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。2IsyourcabavailableIaskedwhen hefinallylookedupatme.He nodded,thensaidapologeticallyas Isettledintotheback seat,Imsorry,butIwas readinga letter.Hesounded as if he had a coldor something.他总算
42、抬头看我了。“你出车吗”我问道。他点点头，当我坐进后座时，他抱歉地说：“对不起，我在读一封信。” 听上去他像是得3Imin no hurry, Itold him. Go ahead and finish your letter.“我不着急，”我对他说，“你接着把信读完吧。”4He shook his head. Iveread it several times already.I guess I almostknow it by heart.他摇了摇头。“我已经读了好几遍了。我想我都能背出来了。”5Letters from home always mean a lot, I said. At
43、 least they do with mebecause Imon the roadso much. Then,estimatingthat he was 60 or 70 years old, Iguessed: From a child or maybe agrandchild“家书抵万金啊，”我说。“至少对我来说是这样，因为我老是在外旅行。”我估量他有六七十岁了，便猜测说：“是孩子还是孙子写来的”6This isnt family, he replied. Although, he went on, cometo think of it, itmight just aswell hav
44、e been family. OldEdwas my oldest friend. In fact, weused to call each other OldFriend when wed meet,that is. Imnot much of ahand at writing.“不是家里人，”他回答说。“不过，”他接着说，“想起来，也可以算是一家人了。埃德老伙计是我最老的朋友了。实际上，过去我俩总是以老朋友相称的 就是说，当我俩相见时。我这人就是不大会写东西。”7Idont think any of uskeep up ourcorrespondencetoo well, I said.
45、I know I dont. But Itakeit hessomeone youve known quite a while“我看大家写信都不那么勤快，”我说，“我自己笔头就很懒。我看，你认识他挺久了吧”8All my life,practically. We werekids together, so we go way back.“差不多认识了一辈子了。我俩小时候就一起玩，所以我俩的友谊确实很长了。”9Went to school together“一起上的学”10Allthewaythrough highschool.We wereinthe sameclass,in fact,thr
46、oughbothgradeandhigh school.“都一起上到高中呢。事实上，我俩从小学到高中都在一个班里。”11There are not too many people whovehad such a long friendship, I said.“保持这么长久友谊的人可真不多见啊，”我说。12Actually, the driver went on, Ihadnt seen him more than once or twice a year over the past25 or 30 years because I moved away from the oldneighbor
47、hoodand youkind oflose toucheventhough you never forget.He was a greatguy.“其实呢，”司机接着说，“近25 到 30 年来，我跟他一年只见一两次面，因为我从原来住的老街坊搬了出来，联系自然就少了，虽说你一直放在心上。他在的时候可真是个大好人。”13You said was. Does that mean“你刚才说他在的时候。你是说”14Henodded. Dieda couple ofweeksago.他点了点头。“前两个星期过世啦。”15Imsorry,Isaid.Itsno funtoloseany friendan
48、d losinga realoldone iseventougher .“真遗憾，”我说，“失去朋友真不是个滋味，失去个真正的老朋友更让人受不了。”16Hedidnt reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes. But I realized that Old Edwas stillon his mindwhen he spoke again, almost more to himself than to me: Ishould havekeptin touch. Yes, he repeated, Ishould ha
49、ve kept in touch.他开着车，没有接话儿。我们沉默了几分钟。可我知道他还在想着老埃德。他又开口时，与其说是跟我说话，还不如说是自言自语：“我真该一直保持联系。真的，”他重复道，“我真该一直保持联系。”17well, I agreed, We should allkeep in touch withold friends more than we do. But thingscomeupand we just dont seemto find the time.“是啊，”我表示赞同，“我们都该与老朋友保持更多的联系。不过总是有事情冒出来，好像就是抽不出空来。”18He shrugg
50、ed .We used tofindthetime,he said.Thatseven mentionedintheletter.Hehanded it over to me.Take a look.他耸了耸肩。“我们过去总能抽出空来，”他说。“信里还提到呢。”他把信递给我，“你看看吧。”19Thanks, I said, but I dont want to read your mail. Thats pretty personal.“谢谢你，”我说，“不过我不想读你的信。这纯属私事。”20The driver shrugged. Old Eds dead. Theres nothing p
