1、1小学英语介词及专项训练介词（介词（Preposition）一、 概述介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。二、 常用介词的基本用法at表示时间： I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上 7 点去上学。表示在某一具体地点： He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。表示动作的方向、目标： Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。用于某些固定搭配： at once 立刻、马上at
2、last 最后at the same time 同时at first 开始时not at all 一点也不about表示大约时间： Its about six oclock now. 现在大约 6 点钟了。表示地点；在周围： Everything about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。关于，对于： We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。after在之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。在后面： He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。be
3、hind在之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车比晚，迟于： The train is behind time. 火车晚点了by在旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。到时候： We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。以方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。用于某些固定搭配： one by one一个接一个 by the way顺便说一句2for为，给，替： Ill make a car
4、d for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。由于： Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。表示给（某人）用的： There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。in在里面： The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。在一段时间里： We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。用，以： Whats this in English? 这用英语怎么说？在某一年份，季节，月份： in 2002, in spring, in January表示状态，服饰： Helen is
5、in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。在方面： He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。用于某些固定搭配： in front of在前面in the end最后in time及时like像样： He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。这样，那样： Dont look at me like that. 别那样看着我。怎样： Whats the weather like? 天气怎样。near靠近，在附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。of的（表示所属关系）： This is a photo of my fam
6、ily. 这是一张我家的照片。的（用于所有格）： He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。表示数量（与连词连用）： One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京想到，谈到： I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。用于某些固定搭配： of course当然because of因为，由于on在上面： There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）： They go to English class on Sunday.星期天他们去上英语课。I
7、left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在 5 月 1 日早上离开北京。用于某些固定搭配： on duty值日on time准时3over在正上方： There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。遍及，穿过： There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。超过，不止： She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。to到，往，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。表示时间、数量，到为止 Please count from ten to th
8、irty. 请从 10 数到 30.向，对，给： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。underWhats under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？with和，写： Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗？表示伴随状态，带有： Whos that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？三、三、 介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用 2)动词和介词的连用atarrive at/in 到达at first 起初；开始 get off 下车at last 最后 help sb. With s
9、th. 帮组某人做某事at school 在上课，在上学 ask for 请求at the moment 此刻 get up 起床at home 在家；无拘束 laugh at 嘲笑at present 现在 learn from 向学习at work 上班，在工作 look after 照顾at the same time 同时 look for 寻找think for 想到onworry about 担心on duty 值日 listen to 听on holiday 度假 look at 看；注视on time 准时 talk about 交谈；谈on the left/right 在左
10、/右边 wait for 等候；等on the radio 在广播中 thank for 为而感谢on foot 步行on sale 出售；降价出售 3)形容词和介词连用on TV 在电视上播放 be afraid of 害怕on the phone 在电话中 be careful with 小心；关心4on the way 在路上 be interested in 对感兴趣be good at 善于inbe proud of 感到自豪in all 总体 be crazy about 酷爱in class 在课堂上 be late for 干某事迟到in English 用英语 be good
11、 for 对有利in short 总之 4）其他in a hurry 匆忙地 by+交通工具in the end 最后 by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/landin bed 躺在床上 lots of/a lot of 许多，大量in danger 在危险中 at most 至多in fact 事实上 at least 至少in time 及时地 at once 立刻；马上in a minute 立刻 in order to 为了练习练习一将下列短语翻译成英语。1.在早晨_2.在家_3.上周_4.每年_5.下个周末_6.晚饭后_7.八点以前_8.在冰箱的
12、前面_9.步行_10.乘公共汽车_11.擅长游泳_12.在一个星期五的早晨_二选用括号内恰当的介词填空。1) Whats this_(at, on, in ) English?2) Christmas is_(at, on, in ) the 25th of December.3) The man_(with, on, in ) black is Su Hais father.4) He doesnt do well_(at, on, in ) PE.5) Look at those birds_(on, in ) the tree.6) We are going to meet_( at,
13、on, in ) the bus stop_( at, on, in ) half past ten.57) Is there a cat_(under, behind, in ) the door?8) Helens writing paper is_(in, in front of ) her computer.9) We live_(at, on, in ) a new house now.10) Does it often rain_ (at, on, in ) spring there?三圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词，并将正确的答案写在横线上。1) Jim is good in E
14、nglish and Maths. _2) The films were in the ground just now. _3) They are talking to their plans. _4) How many students have their birthdays on May?_5) Womens Day is at the third of March. _6) I can jog to school on the morning. _7) Did you water trees at the farm? _8) Can you come and help me on my
15、 English?_9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning._10) What did you do on the Spring Festival?_四用适当的介词填空1. The man_ blue is Jacks father.2. Whothe girl_ small mouth?3. You shouldnt walk_ the grass.4. Look, Nancy is sitting_ her father and mother.5. You must stay away_ the house.6. Now, I know a l
16、ot_ insects.7. My little brother always has a lot_ questions.8. Were very happy_ school.9. Keep_ the grass, please.10. Jim is in Row 4. I sit_ him.11. Lets hurry, were late_ the class.12. Liu Tao is passing the ball_ David.613. Whos the woman_ the red scarf?14. Our classroom is_ the teachersoffice.1
17、5. Look_ the picture. Who is the girl_ the man and the woman.16. Can you read the number_ one_ ten?17. Go_ the street, turn right at the first crossing.18. What can you see_ the tree?Some peaches.19. Mr. Wang is ill. Hes_ home.20. Heres a letter_ Fang Ming. Let me read it to you.21. My skirts are_ t
18、he sofa.22. This is a photo_ my family23. Can I go_ you?24. The girl_ green is my aunt.25. There are some bikes_ the big tree.26. Put your umbrella_ the door.27. The post office is_ the bank of China28. I can see a sofa_ the desk and the fridge.29. The reading room is _the third floor_ this building
19、.30. Look! Its a map _ China. It looks like a rooster.31. I cant find my CD walkman. It was_ my schoolbag and the lamp just now.32. Come_ my home and have a look.33. The children are talking_ that football match.34. Today is the 6th_February. The Spring Festival is coming.35. Your exercise book is_
20、the ground. Pick it up.736. The birthday present is_ my father. Let me open it _myself.37. He is twelve this year. But he is as tall _ his father.五选择最佳答案填空1. The girl was born_ the 4thof June, 1993.A. onB. inC. atD. for2. There are many tall trees_ the building.A. at front ofB. in front ofC. in the
21、front ofD. in front3. How can I speak it_ Japanese?A. fromB. forC. atD. in4. Thank you_ giving me so much help.A. toB. forC. withD. in5. Listen_ the tape carefully! Dont talk.A. toB. atC. forD. about6. Why not play football_ us? Whats wrong_ you?A. with, forB. for, withC. with, withD. for, for7. Your mother is cooking. You should stay away_ the kitchen.A. fromB. toC. forD. with8. Children like dressing_ _ costumes at Halloween.A. up, onB. in, upC. in, /D. up, in
