1、Basic Characteristics for Effective Teachers 有效教师的基本特征青岛市普通教育教研室 孙 泓 2007年12月14日n1. Warmer-让学生参与，让学生参与， 激活课堂。激活课堂。n2. Lead-in-为目的语创设情景，在情景中学为目的语创设情景，在情景中学。n3.Language presentation -展示给学生目展示给学生目的语，并形成概念。的语，并形成概念。n4.Controlled practice-让学生熟悉目的语让学生熟悉目的语的构成，并了解概念。的构成，并了解概念。n5. Free practice-让学生们通过活动用英语让
2、学生们通过活动用英语。n6. Feedback- 巩固纠错。巩固纠错。Different kinds of teachersnAn average teacher TELLS.普通教师告诉学生。nA good teacher EXPLAINS.好一点的教师解释给学生听。nA better teacher DEMONSTRATES.再好一点的教师演示给学生看。nA great teacher INSPIRES.最好的老师激励学生学Fifteen Key CharacteristicsnExhibit enthusiasm （具有教学热情）nKnow your content （熟知教学内容）nB
3、e organized （善于组织教学）nTeach actively （教学积极主动）nShow a good attitude（展示良好心态）nEstablish successful classroom management（精于课堂管理）nPace instruction（把握教学节奏）nWork well with others（与他人和谐共事）nCommunicate clearly（交流清晰明了）nQuestion effectively（有效提问)nDifferentiate instruction（多元教学）nBuild success into your class（让学生
4、感收成功）nHold high expectations（对学生给予厚望）nCreate a pleasant atmosphere（创设良好氛围）nBe flexible（教学灵活机智）高慎英、刘良华有效教学论n凡是能够有效地促进学生的发展，有效地实现预期的教学结果的教学活动，都可以称之为“有效教学”。n“有效教师”不只是教知识，而且传播人生的信念。有效教师是受学生喜欢的教师，而且因喜欢而信任。n“反思教学”不只是“有效教学”的一个环节，它将成为“有效教学”的寄托。n精通一门学科是高效教学的根本。（LochK.johnson 美国佐治亚大学教授）有效教学的“十个因素”n1。用好教材资源是有效
5、教学的基本点；n2。了解学生情况是有效教学的立足点；n3。设计适切目标是有效教学的落脚点；n4。改变学习方式是有效教学的着力点；n5。优化“讲练”策略是有效教学的效益点；n6。引导帮助学生是有效教学的支撑点；n7。教与学的和谐是有效教学的关键点；n8。缩小个体差异是有效教学的平衡点；n9。善处动态生成是有效教学的关注点；n10。坚持教学反思是有效教学的生长点 What makes success?nStress-free environment 轻松的环境nUnderstandable input 可理解输入nCorrelated review 相关的复习nCorrect demonstrat
6、ion 正确的示范nEngaging tasks 有趣的任务nSufficient reinforcement 充分的强化nSequent transfer 有序的迁移How to be a good teacher?nWhat makes a good teacher?nHow should the teacher talk to the students?nHow should the teacher give instructions?nWho should talk in class?nWhat are the best kinds of lessons?What makes a go
7、od teacher(1)?Rate the following teacher qualities in order of importance?Rate the following teacher qualities in order of importance? A. They are good looking.A. They are good looking. B. They are entertaining.B. They are entertaining. C. They can control the class.C. They can control the class. D.
8、 They give interesting classes.D. They give interesting classes. E. They know their students.E. They know their students. F. They can keep control.F. They can keep control. G. They prepare well.G. They prepare well.H. They know their subject.H. They know their subject.What makes a good teacher?(2)Re
9、presentative answers of the students 1. They should should make their lessons interesting so that you dont fall asleep. 2. A teacher should love her job. If she really enjoys it, thatll make the lessons more interesting. 3. I like the teacher who has his own personality and dont hide it from the stu
10、dents so that he is not only a teacher but a person as well- and it comes through the lessons. 4. I like teachers who has lots of knowledge, not only of his subject. 5. A good teacher is an entertainer and I mean that in a positive sense, not a negative one.What makes a good teacher?(3)Representativ
11、e answers 6. It is important that you can talk to the teacher when you have problems and you don not get along with the subject. 7. A good teacher is somebody who has an affinity with the students they are teaching. 8. A good teacher should try and draw out the quiet and control the more talkative o
12、nes. 9. She should be able to correct people without offending them. 10. A good teacher is someone who helps rather than shouts. 11. A good teacher is someone who knows our names.Conclusion: Good teachers care more about their students learning than they do about their own teaching.What is a best te
13、acher?(4)|Complete the following sentence about younWhen I was at school, the best teacher wasnThe best teacher I ever met is nThe best English teacher is nI think the best English teacher should benI want to be an English who How should teachers talk to students(1)?Rate the following statements:A.A
14、 teacher should speak very slowly and clearly to their foreign-language students.B.Teachers should always use well-constructed sentences when they speak to their students.C.Teachers should speak to their students like parents talk to their young children.D.Teachers should speak normally to their stu
15、dents-as if they were talking to their own friends.E.Teachers should only say things to students which the students will understand totally.How should teachers talk to students?(2)How do parents talk to their children? A.They use more exaggerated tones of voice.A.They use more exaggerated tones of v
16、oice. B. They speak with less complex grammatical structures. B. They speak with less complex grammatical structures. C. They restrict their vocabularyC. They restrict their vocabulary. . D. They make more eye contact. D. They make more eye contact. E. They use more body languagesE. They use more bo
17、dy languages . . How do experienced teachers talk to the students? A. They adapting their language to the level of the students. B. They use physical movement. C. They naturally show their happiness and sadness.How should teachers talk to students(3)?How should new teachers talk to the students?1. D
18、o as the experienced teachers do.2. New teacher should concentrate their focus on their students comprehension . 3. How the teachers talk to their students is one of the teaching skill, so it is crucial for the new English teachers to train it, practise it.4. It helps when the new teachers use the w
19、ritten dialogues instead of the oral ones after class.How should teachers give instructions?(1)Which of the followings ,do you think, is good? 1. Now I want you to work in pairsyes(gesturing)thats rightyou twoyou twoyou two. Good. Now listen carefully. I want you to read this text(holding up the boo
20、k and pointing to it) on page 26 and answer the questionsOK? 2. OK, this is the deal-and I hope you really enjoy this cos I spent much time planning it, you know? I thought you could probably solve access this grammar problem yourselves, by looking it up in your book in groups. OK? 3. (Sitting at de
21、sk) Open your books on page 26. What the answer to the question 1? 4. (Hold up large picture)Right, were going to do something a bit different now. Now ask me questions about the picture(Pointing to the picture)questions with “what”Anybody? Yes, Tim, please!How should teachers give instructions?(2)T
22、wo general rules for giving instructions: (1)asap (2)logicalHow should the new teachers give instructions? (1) Before giving instructions, asking the followings: a.What is the information I am trying to convey? b. What must the students know if they are to complete the activity successfully? c. Whic
23、h information do they need first? d. Which should come next? (2)While giving instructions Check whether you are understood or not?Who should talk in class?(1)Choose the one which is suitable to you: 1. In class, I take up most of the time, reading, organizing and doing explanations, but the students
24、 seem to have difficulty to understand. 2. In class, in order to make the students do what I said, I have to use Chinese regularly. 3. In class, my students occupy most of the class time, they have more than 3 chances to practice(say) what they are required openly. 4. I usually offer some minutes to
25、 make the students to talk, but they can not utter a word, let along to say a sentence or a paragraph. 5. It all depends what kinds of lessons I am conducting. Who should talk in in class?(2)nThe students should talk in class: (1)It is important to get the Ss to talk, by using the language they have
26、 learned. (2)Ss are the people who need practice.nThe teacher should talk in class: (1)Ss should be exposed to the language. (2)Comprehensible input is an important feature in language acquisition.nConclusion: (1)Good teachers maximizes STT and minimizes TTT. (2)The best lessons are ones where STT i
27、s maximizes,where teachers talk at the appropriate time. (3)Good teacher use their common sense and experience to get the balance between TTT and STT.What are the best kinds of lessons?(1)Please complete the followings: 1. When I was at school, the best lessons were 2. The best lesson I have ever ob
28、served was . 3. I think the best kind lessons that I can give are Score the followings: 1.Good Ts keep the students guessing what they are going to do next. 2. The worst kind of T is the one who does the same thing every class. 3. Good Ts always look smart. 4. Good Ts are always interesting. What ar
29、e the best kinds of lessons?(2)nWhat are the greatest enemies in teaching in class?nWhat makes the Ss bored?nHow to make the lessons successfully? (1)Breaking the rules (2)Giving the Ss a star (3)Stimulating the Ss with varied diets(unexpected variety) (4)Avoiding too much chopping and changing(predictable safety)
