1、名词:表示一类事物名称的词。,返回,个 体 名 词,可数名词：有单复数之分 1.可数名词单数可用冠词修饰 。如， a book，an apple, the teacher,2.可数名词复数可用how many,many,a few,few, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, some , any等词修饰.,Quick Response 快速反应 Say the plural forms of the countable nouns,job _ 2.cake _ 3. key _ 4.baby _ 5.lady _ pany _ 7.box _ 8.match _ 9.
2、brush _ 10.leaf _ 11.knife _ 12.shelf _ 13.scarf _ 14.thief _ 15.half_ 16.zoo _ 17.photo _ 18.radio _ 19.hero_ 20.potato _ 21.tomato _ 22.house_ 23.mouth_,jobs,cakes,babies,ladies,keys,boxes,matches,brushes,leaves,knives,shelves,scarves,thieves,halves,zoos,photos,radios,heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,comp
3、anies,houses,mouths,/mau/ /mauz/,/haus/ / hauziz/,1、一般加-s,如:maps,cars,3、以s,x,sh,ch 结尾的加-es; 如：dish-dishes,2、以辅音字母加y结尾的 ，先变y为i ,再加-es ; 如： baby-babies ,family-families,4、以f,fe结尾的名词，通常要变f 或fe为v,再加-es; 如: leaf-leaves, wife-wives,life-lives,thief-thieves;,5、以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a.加es，如：potato potatoes，tomatot
4、omatoes, heroheroes b.加s，如： photo photos,piano pianos , radio radios,zoo zoos；,名词变复数： 一 规则变化：,不规则变化： 1. man _ woman_ policeman _ Frenchman_ Englishman_ 2. foot_ tooth_ goose _ (鹅) 3.deer_ sheep_fish _ Chinese_ Japanese_ 4. child_ mouse_,men,women,policemen,children,feet,teeth,deer,sheep,fish,Chinese
5、,Japanese,Frenchmen,Englishmen,三 不同国家的人的单复数形式：,mice,geese,注:German _,Germans,不可数名词,1.不可数名词无复数，不能与a(an)或数词连用.作主语时常看 成单数。 *Some bread is over there. *No news is good news.,2.常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词 *They had much money. *He does little house
6、work at home.,3.表示不可数名词的数量要用“数词+名词+of+不可数名词”短语. a piece of meat/paper/news two cups of tea/cola five kilos of water,Translation 英汉互译,两杯果汁 2.六袋米 3.三片面包 4.七杯茶 5.三箱苹果 6.一些女教师 7.几个男司机 8. 五个男学生 9.很多女学生 10.一条信息,two glasses of juice,six bags of rice,three pieces of bread,seven cups of tea,three boxes of ap
7、ples,some women teachers,a few men drivers,five boy students,many girl students,a piece of information,注意： 1.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化， 同一个词，但意思不同 glass(玻璃) a glass(玻璃杯) paper(纸) a paper(报纸) work(工作) a work(著作) room(空间) a room(房间) people (人们) peoples(民族),fruit(水果) fruits (各种水果) fish(鱼) fishes(各种鱼) hai
8、r(所有头发) hairs (几根头发) time(时间) times(时代),2. physics, politics(政治，政治学）maths虽以s结尾, 但为单数 形式的单词。,3.表示一段距离，一段时间的名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Ten years is a long time. /Ten kilometers is a long distance.,名词所有格：表示“（某人）的”: 一般在名词后加 s 构成。 如：Jims mother 吉姆的妈妈 My teachers desk 我老师的桌子 the dogs name那狗的名字 若以S结尾词，则在S后加 .如：the
9、boys 那些男孩的。 表示几个人共同的东西，只在最后一个人后加。 如：Lucy and Lilys mother 。 Lucy和Lily的妈妈 （两人是姐妹） 表示几个人都分别有的东西，则每个都加。 如：Lucys and Lilys mothers . Lucy 的妈妈和Lily的妈妈 （两人不是姐妹） 一般用.of.结构来表示无生命的名词所有格： 如：the door of the room 房间的门 a map of China 一 张中国地图 the photos of my my sister 我妹妹的照片 双重所有格，例：a friend of my fathers, a cla
10、ssmate of mine a friend or my father,返回,一 完成句子。 1.I have a lot of _(作业) to do every day. 2. His _(裤子) are new, but mine are old. 3. It is one of the best _ (照片) in my family. 4. Are they building any _ (图书馆) in the city? 5. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)? 6. At the end of _(八月), you must ge
11、t ready for the new school year. 7. There are many visitors in the _/mju:zim /. 8. I like _/sm/.Because I can go swimming. 9. There are many _/hauziz/ along the road. 10. Doing _/ekssaiz/ is good for our health.,homework,trousers,photos,libraries,halves,August,museum,summer,houses,exercise,二 用括号中所给词
12、的适当形式填空： 1.Ten years _(be) short time for me. 2.The woman with two children _( be ) coming here.4444ddjfghg 2A pair of shoes _(be) under the bed. 4.The two girls are _(Japan). 5.There are two _(people) and many_(sheep) in the field. 6.September10th is _ (teacher) Day. 7.I think maths _(be) more inte
13、resting than history. 8.He believed his daughter had made a good _(decide).,is,is,is,is,Japanese,people,sheep,Teachers,decision,代词,代词是代替名词的一种词类。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、（相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词）八种。,人称代词是表示“我”“你”“他”“她”“它” “我们” “你们” “他们”的词。 人称代词有人称、数和格的变下表：,一、人称代词,如：He is my friend. 他是我
14、的朋友。 Its me. 是我。,物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。 物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种。,二、 物主代词,代词用法小结： 主格： 宾格： 形容词性物主代词： 名词性物主代词： 反身代词：,在句中作主语，用于句首。,用于动词后。,修饰后面名词。,本身具有名词含义，后面不需要加名词。,表示“某人自己”，根据句意判断。,英语人称代词由于有格的变化，所以在句子中起不同作用。以“我”为例： You and I are the same age(主语) 你和我年龄一样大。 He caught me by the arm(宾语) 他抓住我的手臂。 This isnt
15、 my watch(定语) 这不是我的表。,表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”、“你们自己 ”和“他们自己”等的代词，叫做“反身代词”。,反身代词,如： She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。,指示代词表示“那个”、“这个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的代词。 指示代词有this，that，these，those等。,指示代词,如： That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。,Choose the right answers.,(1) Mary is _(my, I) sister. (2) _(He, Him) taught _
16、(our, us) English. (3) I have a cat, _(its, its) name is Dick. (4) Tom is a friend of _(my, mine). (5) Please help _ (you, yourselves) to some apples, children.,my,He,us,its,mine,yourselves,(6) Kate lost _ ( she, her ) bike. (7) Your living room is very big, but _ ( my, mine ) is rather small. (8) Is this ruler _? (yours, your ) (9) Who taught you drawing? Nobody, I learned it by _ ( my, myself ).,her,mine,yours,myself,
