1、江苏省部分学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期初检测英语试题分类汇编阅读理解江苏省泰州中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期初检测英语试卷第一节（共12小题每小题2. 5分. 满分30分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A, B. C和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASincei972 Americans have watched more than 9, 000 episodes of The Price is Right, a game show with an economic twist. After being selected from the audi
2、ence by the famous phrasecome on downcontestants must guess the exact price of prizes, ranging from guitars to garden furniture. If they guess too high, they are disqualified. In a recent paper, Jonathan Hartley of Harvard Kennedy School points out an interesting trend. Contestants have got a lot wo
3、rse at guessing prices. Technology may play a role. Reaching for a smartphone is easier than recalling a fact from memory. Who remembers phone numbers any more? People may just fall out of the habit of recalling prices. Still, the rise of the smartphone is a recent phenomenon -it cannot explain why
4、contestants became worse guessers during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. Economic changes may be a better explanation. A paper published in 2001 suggested that higher GDP growth raised price-recall error. Like the famous politician who thinks a gallon of milk costs $15, as people get richer they worry l
5、ess about budgeting（预算）. A related trend is that Americans devote a decreasing share of their household spending to goods-which tend to appear on The Price Is Right, and a rising share to services, such as dining and childcare. Contestants might be pretty good at guessing the price of a gym class or
6、 a babysitter. Perhaps the most interesting explanation, however, relates to globalization. In the early 1970s, consumers had a relatively limited selection of products to choose from. Around the time that The Price Is Right first aired, sales catalogues were hundreds of pages long. But a search on
7、Amazon brings up nearly1, 000 results just for the word toaster. Firms offer a huge range of differentiated products at wildly different prices, allowing consumers to satisfy their special wants. The result is that guessing prices is trickier. The rise of online shopping adds further confusion. Onli
8、ne retailers（零售商）respond instantly to fluctuations in supply and demand. Alberto Cavallo of Harvard Business School finds that some large retailers now change their prices, both upwards and downwards, twice as frequently as they did a decade ago. All of this suggests that contestants guesses may yet
9、 get worse. 21. What does Jonathan Hartley find out from The Price Is Right?A. Guessing prices has become a growing trend. B. Technology makes it easier to guess prices. C. People are becoming less price-sensitive. D. Its necessary to have the habit of guessing prices. 22. Why does the author mentio
10、n the price of a gallon of milk in Paragraph 3?A. To show a good economy makes people less concerned about prices. B. To complain Price-recall error is common among politicians. C. To reveal Americans are spending more on services than goods. D. To present The Price Is Right tends to focus on daily
11、goods. 23. In which way does globalization make guessing prices difficult?A. It has caused frequent price wars. B. It directs peoples attention to online shopping. C. It has brought a wealth of products. D. It leads to huge price differences among retailers. 24. The underlined word fluctuations in t
12、he last paragraph means _.A. Goals. B. Examples. C. Charges. D. Changes.BThe juries entered. I stood beside the lawyer and my brother, Jimmy. It reminded me of our childhoodas things often didwhen we played the game Simon Says, we would react at the same time in harmony when hearing all kinds of ord
13、ers. Simon says jump, Simon says touch your toesit was almost the same. Almost. When we grew up, my brother had chosen a separate life, leaving me alone. I missed him a lot. Today, though, we were together, standing in court, waiting for the sentence. The guilty verdict was read. I sat down, but my
14、brother cried, No! Im innocent. And then he turned to me, yelling, How can you do this to me, James! I finally can make a new life by myselfStop this, the judge yelled, the juries have made the decision. But its not fair! my brother replied, I didnt kill anyone. I wished I could explain, but I said
15、nothing because this is the only way we can be together again. The judge pulled his glasses from his face. By law. . The law is unjust, my brother said. The judge wiped his eyes, and, to my surprise, said calmly. Yes, he nodded his glasses aside. I agree with you about that. Law is meant to protect
16、the innocent. And you certainly seem innocent. But how can I tell? You two are clones. Your faces, your fingerprints, even your DNA match exactly. Thats why when one is found guilty, all others. . . The judge sighed, replaced his glasses, and banged the hammer. I sentence you both to twenty years. T
17、ogether, the court guard led us away. My brothers head bowed in defeat, but I walked upright, for I would no longer be alone. 25. How did James think of their childhood?A. He felt sorry for Jimmy. B. He had been in court before. C. He felt guilty about his past. D. He missed the good old days.26. Wh
18、at can we learn from the second paragraph?A. Two boys had nothing in common. B. The two brothers behaved alike.C. They once quarreled with each other. D. Neither of them liked living together. 27. What do we know about the law from the text?A. Cloned brothers should live together.B. The cloning of h
19、uman being is forbidden. C. Cloned brothers are both guilty if one is guilty. D. Cloned brothers can live apart when growing up. 28. What can be inferred from the text?A. James was innocent. B. Jimmy did kill someone.C. James knew nothing about the law. D. James took advantage of the law. CIt was on
20、e of those moments every new parent dreads（恐惧）. My baby son was screaming as if Id just dipped him in a bucket（桶）of battery acid. It felt as if hed been screaming like that for years, though he was only two months old. Even worse, this was happening in public-I was sitting with my howling baby in th
21、e food court of a Los Angeles mall, despairing（绝望）as other diners silently judged me while watching us over plates of foodUntil, that is, one woman a complete stranger did something and taught me a lesson about kindness that lingers to this day. She walked over to me and put her hand on my shoulder.
22、 This wont last forever, she said. I know it doesnt seem like it right now, but things will get better. Hell stop crying. Youll get some sleep. It was such a small thing, a tiny kindness, really, but it made all the difference. It was 2001 and I was living in a foreign city with a newborn, without f
23、riends or family, and I was terribly lonely. This woman had seen me, if only for a moment, and taken the time to make a human connection. It was just a minute out of her day, but it has stayed with me for nearly two decades. We all want to be better in the world and more giving to others. But we can
24、 easily get hung up on the sheer（完全的）importance of that challenge making time to regularly volunteer or finding money to donate to a cause. Doing good doesnt have to be an important task, though; it can be incremental（递增的）. It can be as quick as a smile, a word, a phone call, an email. It can be the
25、 note you send to a friend who is feeling blue or the baby carriage you help carry down the subway stairs for a parent on their own, even though youre late for work. Im reminded of a line from Brian Goldmans bestseller, The Power of Kindness: The opposite meaning of empathy is apathy（冷漠）. That is, t
26、he opposite of doing good isnt doing harm; its doing nothing. Every tiny act of generosity every door held open, every coffee bought for a strangerbuilds a bridge to another person. It says, I see you. Today, when we spend most of our time looking at our phones, and not at peoples faces, thats inval
27、uable. So, while Im not particularly good at regularly volunteering or running marathons to raise money for charity, 1m committed to small gestures. I try to send a note of praise every day to someone whose work I admire. Ive become phone friends with a lonely 87-year-old woman who contacted me abou
28、t something I wrote, and who lives in a city far from her own children and grandchildren. On airplanes, I find the new parents with panicked eyes and offer to hold their babies. I remember what it felt like when the screaming baby was mine. I remember when a tiny kindness felt monumental, enough to
29、change the world. 29. Why did the author mention her baby sons crying in Paragraph 1?A. To create a disappointing atmosphere. B. To prove her opinion. C. To show her helplessness. D. To introduce the topic. 30. What holds people back from being more giving to others?-A. Always trying to do important
30、 deeds. B. Being short of time. D. Keeping looking at their phones. C. Being lacking in money. :31. A line from Brian Goldmans The Power of Kindness is used in Paragraph 5 to show that _.A. doing harm to others is better than doing nothing. B. people are supposed to pay more attention to others face
31、s. C. every small gesture counts in connecting people. D. spending most of our time looking at our phones is invaluable. 32. What can be the most suitable title for the passage?A. The Kind StrangersB. The Small MerciesC. The Power of Words. D. The Power of Kindness 江苏省前黄高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期初检测英语试卷二
32、、阅读理解AIn an exhibition at the National Railway Museum in York, England, Lin Qi, a 26-year-old assistant project manager, is featured as one of the “railway heroes” who helped key workers to move around the country during the pandemic（疫情）. Qi is part of a team working on High-Speed 2, known as HS2, a
33、 low-carbon railway that will eventually connect some of the UKs biggest cities using trains that can travel up to 224 miles per hour. “The happiest thing for me is getting to see a design on paper become a physical project,” Qi tells the reporters. With HS2, she says she also enjoys working on a pr
34、oject that is bringing new opportunities and creating new jobs. Born in Zhuzhou, Hunan province in China, Qi moved to the UK when she was three years old. Qi studied architecture at university before taking a job with an engineering company. Architecture is designing buildings. Qi says that in her j
35、ob she feels excited about connecting people and that trains and railways are an important part of that.Engineering uses science and maths to build machines and other structures, such as bridges, buildings and railways. “Males have been playing the leading role in these fields but this is changing f
36、ast,” says Qi. On 23 June, International Women in Engineering Day celebrates the work women are doing with big projects such as HIS2. This years theme is “engineering heroes”.On being selected to take part in the exhibition. Qi said, “It was an honor to be asked to take part and I hope to inspire mo
37、re young people, particularly women, to consider a career in the construction and engineering industry”. For anyone wanting to follow a similar career. Qi advises, “have a goal in mind but be open-minded and flexible.” She says that five years ago she wouldnt have imagined that she would be working
38、in this sort of job. However, she says, “there is a lot of opportunity in engineering, not just for women but for everyone. I look forward to new challenges. ”Simon Russell, project director for the Laing ORourke and J. Murphy Joint Venture, said, “Qi is part of a generation of bright and confident
39、young people that are building their careers on this exciting project. Shes an excellent role model and were hugely proud of her achievements to date.”21. From the passage, what can we learn about HS2？A. The railway helps create new job opportunitiesB. The high-speed railway will connect all UK citi
40、esC. The railway may bring about much pollution.D. It is the first high-speed railway in Britain.22. How does Lin Qi inspire girls to take up engineering?A. By using some famous sayings.B. By giving her own example.C. By listing some figures.D. By showing the benefits23. What words can best describe
41、 Lin Qi?A. Independent and determined.B. Responsible and energetic.C. Creative and romantic.D. Confident and flexible24. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Lin Qi has made great contributions to HS2.B. Girls are expected to play an important role in engineeringC. HS2 assistant engine
42、er is recognized for her important role.D. Britain is speeding up the development of railway.BAround July I had made a purchase from a website in the US. My shipment was sent out the very next day, and I expected the package to arrive at my doorstep within 5 to 7 days like before. Two weeks had pass
43、ed, and I had not received my package. I decided to track it, and to my shock, the courier（快递公司）actually sent my package to a different country!I didnt know what to do, so I emailed the courier, who told me I had to email the company from which I had made the purchase. Instead of helping me, the com
44、pany redirected me to the courier. Rather than getting mad at this entire mess. I tried to calm down by focusing on the good things. Those like the fact that I even had the money to make the purchase and that the company shipped out the package rather quickly. I also imagined myself receiving the pa
45、ckage, which made me happier. Weeks turning into months, there was still no sign of my package. As I signed up for updates. I was horrified when I woke up one day in September to see that my package had been returned to the US. Instead of getting depressed, I contacted the company to inform them abo
46、ut the shipment and sought advice about what to do next as I really wanted the items which were a limited edition. The customer service told me that they could only offer a full refund（退款）as the items were already sold out. Even though I accepted and was very pleased, there was still a part of me th
47、at was slightly disappointed.Around the end of November, I received a text update that my package has cleared customs in the UK but I thought it had been returned to the company. Yesterday, my package arrived at my doorstep!While it did take many months for the package to reach me, I felt incredibly
48、 grateful as I got what wanted! And for free! This showed me that the universe works in mysterious ways that we can never really understand but it is not our job to worry about how things will unfold.25. Why was the author shocked soon after making the purchase?A. The delivery took much less time than before. B. He was informed that his package had been lost. C. His package was mistakenly delivered elsewhere. D. There was a delay in the shipment of his package26. What
