1、The world onlineP3Grammar and usage forms as attributives, adverbials and object complementsAnna is reading an article about a website. Find the verb-ing forms in the article and fill in the table below. The first ones have been done for you.A Exploring the rulesV-ing forms as attributivesa website
2、belonging to all dance loversV-ing forms as adverbialsTaking advantage of the sites great startV-ing forms as object complementsshe watched her daughter dancingthe lady running the website / inspiring stories She always found dance relaxingHaving achieved such successWorking out the rules The verb-i
3、ng form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) _ (active/passive) meaning. When the verb-ing form is used as an attributive, it often comes (2) _ (before/after) the noun, but the verb-ing phrase used as an attributive is usually put (3) _ (before/after) the noun. When used a
4、s an adverbial, the verb-ing form can express time, reason, purpose, result or condition. The verb-ing form can also be used as an object complement.activebeforeafterFocus on Focus on 基本用法基本用法 forms as attributives building materials = drinking water =a walking stick =a reading room =a writing desk
5、=tiring music = materials for building 建筑建筑 材料材料 water for drinking 饮用水饮用水a stick for walking 手杖手杖a room for reading 阅览室阅览室a desk for writing 写字台写字台music that is tiring 烦人的音乐烦人的音乐1. 单个单个动词动词-ing形式形式作定语，常置于被修饰词作定语，常置于被修饰词 之前之前，既可以表示，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能被修饰者的作用或功能， 也可以表示也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态被修饰者的动作或状态。 The exper
6、iment was an amazing success. It was an astonishing performance.那项试验是一个那项试验是一个惊人的惊人的成功。成功。这是一场这是一场令人惊讶的令人惊讶的演出。演出。有些动词有些动词-ing形式形式已转化成形容词已转化成形容词，表，表示示“令人令人的的”。常用的此类词有：。常用的此类词有：exciting, amazing, astonishing, shocking, puzzling, confusing, disappointing, discouraging, pleasing, striking, boring, tiri
7、ng, touching, moving, interesting, satisfying, terrifying, frightening等。等。 He is reading something interesting. There is nothing amazing.他正在读有趣的内容。他正在读有趣的内容。没什么了不起的。没什么了不起的。若单个的动词若单个的动词-ing形式修饰的形式修饰的词为词为those, something, everything, nothing等代词时，等代词时，则动词则动词-ing形式要放在其后。形式要放在其后。 They lived in a room fa
8、cing the street. The man standing there is Peters father. Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。他们住在一间面朝街的房子。= The man who is standing there is Peters father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。= Anybody who is swimming in this river will
9、 be fined. 在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。2. (1) 动词动词-ing形式短语形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词作定语，常置于被修饰词 之后之后，并且在意思上相当于一个，并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句定语从句。 His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = His brother, who is working as a teacher
10、, lives in Beijing. 他的哥哥住在北京，是个教师。他的哥哥住在北京，是个教师。= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。2. (2)动词动词-ing形式短语形式短语也可以用作也可以用作非限制定语非限制定语，相，相 当于一个当于一个非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句，这时，它与句 子其他部分子其他部分用逗号分开用逗号分开。3. 动词动词-ing形式作形式作定语定语，有
11、被动形式。，有被动形式。 动词动词-ing形式形式与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的与被修饰词是被动关系，就用它的 被动形式，即被动形式，即being done. Being done通常表示通常表示 正在被做，常做正在被做，常做后置定语后置定语。 The tall building being built now is our new school. The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。F
12、ill in the blanks. 1. He rushed into the _ (burn) house.2. The child _ (stand) over there is my brother.3. The room _ (face) south is our classroom.4. The man, _ (talk) to the teacher, is our monitors father. 5. Success makes sense to you only when you choose something _ (challenge). burningchalleng
13、ingstandingfacingtalkingFocus on Focus on 基本用法基本用法 forms as adverbials 1. Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop. 2. Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. 3. His father died, leaving the family even worse off. 4. Using your head, you will find a good way. 5. Studying hard, he didnt pass the e
14、xam. 6. He earns a living driving a truck. 7. He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 时间时间原因原因结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式伴随伴随1. When I walked in the street, I saw a tailors shop.2. Because he was poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.3. His father died and left the family even worse off.5. Though he studied hard,
15、he didnt pass the exam.4. If you use your head, you will find a good way.7. He sat in the chair and read a newspaper. 6. He earns a living by driving a truck.1. 动动词词-ing形式形式可以表示可以表示时间时间、原因原因、结结 果果、条条件件、让步让步、方式方式或或伴随状况伴随状况等等，其，其 作用相作用相当于当于状语从句状语从句或或并列句并列句。动词动词-ing形式用作形式用作状语状语时，其时，其逻辑主语逻辑主语与与句子主语一致句子主
16、语一致。Check the sentences.Being tired, I asked John to have a rest. Being tired, John had a rest. 1. Supposing it rains, we will put off the sports meeting.2. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.如果下雨，我们就推迟运动会。如果下雨，我们就推迟运动会。一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。一般来说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。动词动词-ing用于某些
17、固定搭配中，用于某些固定搭配中，表示表示说话人的态度说话人的态度、观点观点等，如：等，如：generally speaking, frankly/honestly speaking, judging by/from, considering/seeing, supposing等等等等1. _ (not know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.2. They are visitors _ (come) from several countries.3. _ (not invite) to the party, Mary was g
18、reatly hurt.4. He dived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed( (暴露暴露) ).5. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water. Not knowingcomingNot having been invitedFill in the blanks. leavingTakingFocus on Focus on 基本用法基本用法 forms as object complements 1. I found a bag lying on the ground
19、. 2. When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.3. Along the way, we saw many people playing music, singing, and dancing.4. She heard someone knocking at the door.1. 动词动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足语宾语补足语常放在常放在宾语后宾语后 面面，表示一个，表示一个正在进行正在进行的的主动性主动性的的动作动作， 强调一个过程强调一个过程或或一种状态一种状态。1. T
20、hey found a dog sleeping on the street.2. They heard him singing in next room. 3. We mustnt keep them waiting.2. 当主句转换为当主句转换为被动结构被动结构时，原来作时，原来作宾语补宾语补 足语足语的的动词动词-ing形式便形式便转换为主语补足语转换为主语补足语。= The dog is found sleeping on the street.他们发现一只狗在街上睡觉。他们发现一只狗在街上睡觉。= He was heard singing in the next room. 有人听到
21、他在隔壁房间唱歌。有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。= They mustnt be kept waiting. 千万不能让他们等。千万不能让他们等。3. 能用能用动词动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足语宾语补足语的几类动词的几类动词:1. We saw a light burning in the window. 2. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.3. Can you smell anything burning?4. As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.5.
22、Listen to the birds singing. 6. I didnt notice him waiting. 表示表示感感观观和和心理状态心理状态的动词，常见的有的动词，常见的有 watch, see, hear, feel, find, notice, smell, observe, look at, listen to等。等。1. I wont have you doing that. 2. The teachers words set me thinking.3. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. 4. I cant get the cloc
23、k going again.5. You wont catch me doing that again.6. He walked off and left me sitting there alone. 表示表示指使意义指使意义的动词，常见的有的动词，常见的有 have, keep, set, get, catch, leave等。等。4. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用等动词之后用动词动词-ing形式形式 和和动词不定式动词不定式作宾语补足语的作宾语补足语的区别区别：1. We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher
24、making the experiment.2. We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）（一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验）（一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验）表示表示动作正在进行动作正在进行表示（或强调）表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程动作从开始到结束的全过程1. I saw them _ (fo
25、rce) the door open with a hammer. 2. We heard them _ (quarrel) about money after the concert; they looked very angry.3. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin. 4. The students who are caught _ (cheat) in the exam will be punished.5. The teacher went away angrily, leaving the stud
26、ent _ (stand) outside.forcingquarrelingdroppingFill in the blanks. cheatingstanding1. 动词动词-ing形式形式作定语作定语： 单个动词单个动词-ing形式作定语，常置于被修饰词形式作定语，常置于被修饰词 _。 动词动词-ing形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词形式短语作定语，常置于被修饰词 _，相当于一个，相当于一个_，也可以用作，也可以用作 非限制定语，相当于一个非限制定语，相当于一个_。 动词动词-ing形式作定语，有形式作定语，有_形式。形式。之前之前之后之后定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句
27、被动被动2. 动词动词-ing形式形式作状语作状语： 动词动词-ing形式可用作状语，可以表示形式可用作状语，可以表示_、 _、_、_、_、_或或 _等，其作用相当于状语从句或等，其作用相当于状语从句或 并列句。并列句。时间时间原因原因结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式伴随状况伴随状况3. 动词动词-ing形式形式作宾语补足语作宾语补足语： 动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在形式作宾语补足语常放在_ 后面。后面。 当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补 足语的动词足语的动词-ing形式便转换形式便转换为为_。 能用动词能用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的形式作
28、宾语补足语的动词：动词： 表示表示_、_和指使意义的。和指使意义的。宾语宾语主语补足语主语补足语感观感观心理状态心理状态B Applying the rulesB1 Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements.1. I saw that Jess was doing research online in the computer room. I saw _ in the computer room.2. Anybody who goe
29、s online should be careful about their personal information. _ should be careful about their personal information.3. When he heard the news, he jumped for joy. _, he jumped for joy.4. After I searched the Internet for information, I started writing my article. _, I started writing my article.P35 B1J
30、ess doing research onlineAnybody going onlineHearing the newsHaving searched the Internet for informationB2 Anna is having a conversation with her friend Jen. Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.amaze cut have run use thinkAnna: Jen, I love your new haircut
31、. It looks great!Jen: Thanks! I chose it online. I was always worried about picking a wrong style. That got me (1) _- what if someone could choose it for me?Anna: What do you mean?Jen: I found this (2) _ app. If you upload a photo of your face, itll recommend a few haircuts to you. Anna: Sounds supe
32、r, but what if I dont like the recommended haircuts?thinkingamazingJen: In that case, you can choose different styles from hundreds of hairstyles and try them out. You can also share pictures of your chosen haircuts on social media and let your friends choose one for you!Anna: Cool! What did the per
33、son (3) _ your hair think about the app?Jen: She said it would make her job easier. (4) _ apps like this, people are more likely to find satisfactory haircuts.Anna: I agree. (5) _ a few bad haircuts myself, Im always a little nervous about having a new haircut. Ill download it and get it (6) _.amaze
34、 cut have run use thinkcuttingUsingHaving hadrunningP35 B2B3 In pairs, describe the pictures below using verb-ing forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements. Use the example to help you.P35 B3S1: The boy playing computer games seems angry.S2: I can see the boy playing computer games exc
35、itedly.S3: Not wanting to lose the game, the boy is concentrating hard.EXAMPLE:S1: Watch out for those stealing personal information online.S2: Not keeping your bank account and password private, you are likely to become a victim of online theft of personal information.S3: The Internet is far from s
36、afe, and every day the police catch some people stealing personal information online.1. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. (2020 (2020 全国全国卷卷) )surrounding考察非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾从江上升考察非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾从江上升起，柔软的云围绕着山顶时，他流
37、下了眼泪。起，柔软的云围绕着山顶时，他流下了眼泪。设空处是非谓语动词作设空处是非谓语动词作宾补宾补，surround与宾语与宾语soft clouds之间是主动关系，要用之间是主动关系，要用v.-ing形式。形式。故填故填surrounding. .实战高考。实战高考。2. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, _ (say) that I had a talent for football. (2019(2019全国卷全国卷I)I)3. Nervously _ (face) challenges, I know
38、I will whisper myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (2019(2019北京卷北京卷) )sayingfacing4. If you are a teenager _ (live) in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. (2019全国卷全国卷)5. With _ (shi
39、ne) dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. (2019全国卷全国卷)6. “After all, everyone has bad days and good days,” he said. “Some days you need a _ (help) hand and some days you can be the one _ (give) the _ (help) hand.” (2019浙江卷浙江卷)living shininghelpinggivinghelping. .用
40、括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Do you know the girl _ (sing) on the stage? 2. Professor Lin said, “The boy has an _ (amaze) ability to learn a new language.”3. Mr. Lee fell asleep with the lamp _ (burn).4. All the students said they had never experienced such an _ (interest) class before. singing
41、amazingburninginteresting5. Daniel first became interested in mushrooms when _ (explore) the forest with his father.6. Science and technology is developing very quickly, _ (make) life much easier for many people. 7. Why do you keep your son _ (stand) under the burning sun? 8. Although _ (work) very
42、hard, he couldnt make enough money to pay off his debt.exploringmakingstandingworking9. I could feel the wind _ (blow) on my face from an open window. 10. The teacher noticed a girl _ (stand) at the door, so he stopped to ask why she was there. 11. You may find it _ (surprise) that a 7-year-old girl
43、 can speak five foreign languages. 12. When he passed the bank, he saw a thief _ (steal) some money from it.blowingstanding surprising stealing1. Can you find the V-ing forms in an article?2. Can you use V-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements correctly?3. Can you make up sentences using V-ing forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements as many as possible?1. Finish the exercises of Grammar part in Learning English.2. Preview Integrated skills on pages 36-38.
