1、Unit 9 Human Biology A卷 基础夯实2021-2022学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册单元测试AB卷第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cau
2、se of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experime
3、nts where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later. In many parts of the world, people take naps(小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially
4、true in warmer climates, where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health. In countries where naps are traditional, people often su
5、ffer less from problems such as heart disease. Many working people have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is abou
6、t eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.1.Why do people feel sleepy in the early
7、afternoon according to the text?A.They eat too much for lunch.B.They sleep too little at night.C.Their body temperature becomes lower.D.The weather becomes a lot warmer.2.If you get up at 6 :30 am, what is the best time for you to take a nap?A.About 2:30 pm.B.About 1:30 pm.C.About 12:30 pm.D.About 3
8、:30 pm.3.What would be the best title for the text?A.Just for a RestB.All for a NapC.A Special Sleep PatternD.Taking Naps in Warmer ClimatesB HANGZHOU A human blood protein has been found to be associated with the H7N9 death rate, according to a study by Chinese medical scientists. The study, publis
9、hed in Nature Communications on May 13, showed that blood plasma levels of angiotensin are higher in H7N9 patients and could be used to predict their physical worsening. Angiotensin is a human protein contained in plasma, the vascular(血管的) wall, heart and kidney to regulate blood pressure. It is clo
10、sely linked to serious lung injury. H7N9 patients with higher levels of angiotensin carry more viral load (病毒载量), said Li Lanjuan, researcher at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a specialist in H7N9 prevention. It is particularly obvious in the second week of human infection. The angiotensin l
11、evel of patients in critical condition keeps going up, while that of mild cases tends to drop, Li said. Li added the new finding could help in clinical practice. Medical personnel could adopt more effective and reliable treatment measures for patients suffering different conditions. This study will
12、provide a new perspective to H7N9 pathology (病理学) and potential treatment for future cases, said Ed Gerstner, executive editor of Nature Communications. The study was led by researchers of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Center fo
13、r Disease Control and Prevention. They collected plasma from 47 H7N9 patients in cities of Hangzhou, Shanghai and Nanjing and analyzed the connection between angiotensin and viral load. H7N9 was first reported in China in March 2013. The virus causes severe disease in humans, including acute and oft
14、en fatal breathing failure. The country has reported more than 200 human H7N9 cases.1.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Chinese scientists found a human blood protein associated with the H7N9 death rate.B.Chinese scientists have made a new medical discovery.C.A new perspective to H7N9 pathol
15、ogy provided by a medical study.D.A report of H7N9 death rate.2.The underlined word critical in the third paragraph most likely means _.A.unimportantB.mistakenC.urgentD.successful3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A.H7N9 patients with higher levels of angiotens
16、in carry more viral load.B.Angiotensin is a human protein to regulate blood pressure.C.H7N9 vims may cause human breathing failure.D.The researchers collected plasma from 47 H7N9 patients in the city of Hangzhou and made the discovery.4.You can probably find this article in _.A.a bookletB.a newspape
17、rC.a guide bookD.an advertisementC Which do you think is the best way to keep healthy? With the development of society, people no longer worry about where their next meals come from as they did in the old days. They become more and more concerned about their health problems. Different people come up
18、 with different views: eating green food, doing outdoor exercise or going to hospital for medical treatment frequently. As far as I am concerned, the best way to keep healthy is to develop a good quality of psychology (心理). According to some surveys, nowadays, most patients are not physically sick b
19、ut mentally(精神上) ill. They feel the burden on their shoulders is much heavier than others, so they cant step out of the shadow of depression and sadness. They need to release their spirit to the nature. Besides, if you have developed a good quality of psychology, youll become more sociable and thus
20、more willing to do your part in society. Joining some keep-fit clubs or tour groups, which are various versions of physical exercise, will benefit you a lot. As a poem says, youth is not a period of time; its a state of mind. Everybody wants to keep young at heart because youth is a symbol for endle
21、ss energy and passion for living. Keep a good quality of mind, or keep a sense of humour, even if you are 80 years old, and youll never be old.1.According to the passage, in the old days, what people cared about might be _.A.foodB.exercisingC.clothingD.health2.According to the writer, the best way t
22、o keep healthy is to _.A.have meals regularlyB.do outdoor exerciseC.go to hospital frequentlyD.keep psychological health3.The most probable reason for patients being mentally ill might be _.A.burdenB.angerC.difficultyD.desire4.The best way to develop a good quality of psychology might be _.A.underta
23、king social responsibilityB.talking with people frequentlyC.asking an expert for adviceD.taking physical exerciseD Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Lets state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we
24、want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surpr
25、ise. Its said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen, or people of a different color or belief they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently publi
26、shed by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别) are really, really smart. Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are really, really sm
27、art. Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesnt take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Heres the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more
28、we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.1.What does the
29、 author think of victors standards for joining the genius club?A.Theyre unfair.B.Theyre conservative.C.Theyre objective.D.Theyre strict.2.What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?A.They think themselves smart.B.They look up to great thinkers.C.They see gender differences earlier than
30、boys.D.They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.3.Why are more geniuses known to the public?A.Improved global communication.B.Less discrimination against women.C.Acceptance of victors concepts.D.Changes in peoples social positions.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Geniuses Think Alik
31、eB.Genius Takes Many FormsC.Genius and IntelligenceD.Genius and Luck第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We all know that men and women have their differences. But do they really think differently?_ In my opinion, men and women still behave in the same way that they we
32、re designed to centuries ago. We have different interests, different ways of speaking, of showing how we feel, and of coping with stressful situations._ This can have a negative effect on our relationships. We often become angry or frustrated with the opposite sex because we expect them to behave an
33、d communicate like we do. So why does a man behave as he does? Evidence suggests that men were programmed with the instinct to hunt silently for animals. They had to be able to focus their attention on one thing._ And also why hes so good at reading maps and giving directions. Women, on the other ha
34、nd, are usually very good at doing several jobs at once._ In the past, women often worked in groups, which required a lot of communication, so theyre generally more talkative and sensitive to other peoples feelings. Men and women seem to think differently too. Women usually score higher in writing t
35、ests. Men are seven times more likely to score in the top 5% in scientific exams. Theyre often talented at problem-solving and making quick decisions. _A.Women, by contrast, are good at organizing, comforting and giving advice.B.It is true, nevertheless, that men and women often respond differently
36、to the same situation.C.Some people might argue that they dont, but I disagree.D.They also need far more time to complete tasks that require strength or stamina (耐力) .E. In todays society, where the sexes are considered to be equal, we sometimes forget how different we are.F.This can also be explain
37、ed by history, I believe.G.This might explain why its so difficult to have a conversation with a man when hes watching TV.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 If you examine the birth certificate of every soccer player in the last World Cup tourna
38、ment, you will most likely find the excellent players were born in the earlier months of the year. If you then examine the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you will find this phenomenon even more 1 . What might account for this strange phenomenon? Some gu
39、ess a certain astrological sign (星座)2 superior soccer skills; others maintain that winter-born babies have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina. But Anderson Ericsson, a 58-year-old professor who is called the expert on experts, believes in neither. His first experiment, nearly 30 y
40、ears ago, involved3 training a person to hear and repeat a random series of numbers. With the first subject after 20 hours of training, his digital span rose to 20, Ericsson recalls, and after about 200 hours of training he could repeat up to 80 numbers. This success, coupled with later research sho
41、wing memory itself is not4 determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is a cognitive exercise, which means whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are5 by how well each person encodes the information. And the best way
42、to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as6 practice. It involves more than simply repeating a task,7 , playing a C-minor scale 100 times or hitting tennis serves until your shoulder pops out of its socket.8 it involves stepping outside your comfort
43、zone, setting specific and well-defined goals, focusing on9 areas of expertise, obtaining immediate feedback from professionals and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying high achievers in a wide range of 10 including soccer, golf, c
44、hess, piano playing and darts. They gather all the data they can and make a rather shocking statement: the trait we commonly call talent is highly 11 . And yes, expert performers are nearly always made. Ericssons formula seems appealing to many tiger parents: practice makes perfect is naturally 12 t
45、o genetic determinism. By 13 innate ability as insignificant, many are confident they can make a concert-level pianist or an Olympic figure skater of their kids as long as they push them hard enough. Ericsson, 14 believes what parents should learn from the science of expertise is not the effect of l
46、ogging thousands of hours, but how to get kids to 15 the importance and challenge of effective practice.1.A.understandableB.misleadingC.appealingD.noticeable2.A.promisesB.improvesC.compromisesD.masters3.A.numbersB.subjectsC.memoryD.practice4.A.physicallyB.geneticallyC.fundamentallyD.psychologically5
47、.A.overshadowedB.demonstratedC.strengthenedD.produced6.A.enormousB.deliberateC.desperateD.persistent7.A.on averageB.more importantlyC.for instanceD.in particular8.A.BesidesB.NeverthelessC.ThereforeD.Rather9.A.variousB.comprehensiveC.targetedD.minor10.A.pursuitsB.occupationsC.performancesD.assumptions11.A.underratedB.overratedC.flexibleD.demanding12.A.equalB.inferiorC.preferableD.ben
